紧凑型回热器型面换热及阻力特性研究

采用瞬变测试方法，对5种用于微型燃气轮机中具有高紧凑度的板翅式及一次表面回热器型面的换热特性和阻力特性进行了实验研究，获得了换热表面传热因子j和摩擦因子f的关联式，并对所得到的结果进行了分析和比较。     

板翅式换热器锯齿型翅片参数的遗传算法优化研究

针对目前锯齿型板翅式换热器未能同时优化多参数,或者大多优化研究存在对经验关联式依赖的问题,提出了利用Kriging响应面来近似目标函数与设计变量之间的关系、应用遗传算法对锯齿型板翅式换热器翅片结构参数的优化方法。在维持翅片通道雷诺数为800时,把换热器的最大j因子、最小f因子和最大F_(TEF)因子作为3个单目标函数,对翅片的翅片高度h、翅片间距s、翅片厚度t和翅片节距l进行了优化研究。研究结果表明:翅片高度h与翅片间距s对换热器综合性能F_(TEF)因子呈正增长,而翅片厚度t和翅片节距l呈负增长;在翅片高度为9.5mm、翅片间距为2.2mm、翅片厚度为0.1mm和翅片节距为3mm时,换热器性能最佳;结合Kriging响应面的遗传算法克服了传统优化方法对经验关联式的依赖。该研究结果可以指导锯齿型板翅式换热器的优化设计。     

提花袜花型及上机工艺CAD软件的开发与应用

探讨计算机在针织提花袜设计中应用的途径．开发了提花袜花型设计方法及上机工艺的ＣＡＤ软件、阐述了该软件的结构、功能及运行过程．该软件操作简单易学，运行环境简单．应用在国产Ｚ５０３型袜机上设计花型、制定工艺单省时省力，大大提高了提花袜机的经济效益．     

用于换热器热计算的θ—P图及其绘制方法

根据不同类型间壁式换热器的热计算公式F＝f(P,R)和ε=Φ(NTU,RC)，给出了绘制θ-P图的方法，用计算机绘图程序，分别绘制了逆流，顺流，错流（一种流体混合及两种流体都混合），＜1－2＞型管壳式，＜1－4＞型对分流式和＜1－2＞型分流式7种间壁式换热器的θ-P图。     

换热器的配管

主要介绍了在化工设计中换热器的几种分类,并简要介绍了套管式换热器、管壳式换热器和板式换热器的各自不同特点及其应用场所.提出换热器配管专业的概括性技术总结,并指出包括其他设备(泵、塔、压缩机、燃烧炉、反应器等)的配管原则,在设计理念上的一致性,指出设计人员积累经验,不断提高技术水平,保证设计品质的重要性.     

平直翅片管换热器传热与阻力特性的实验研究

研究了３种翅片间距（ｓ＝２．０、２．６、３．２ｍｍ）和３种管排（Ｎ＝２、３、４）的９个平直翅片管换热器的换热和阻力特性，在工业常用凡数范围内给出了包括翅片间距及管排数影响的换热和阻力性能通用关联式，同时得出翅片间距、管排数对换热和阻力性能的影响规律，为设计和选用平直翅片管换热器提供了依据。     

用于换热器热计算的θ-P图及其绘制方法

根据不同类型间壁式换热器的热计算公式F =f(P ,R)和ε =Φ(NTU ,RC) ,给出了绘制θ -P图的方法。用计算机绘图程序 ,分别绘制了逆流、顺流、错流 (一种流体混合及两种流体都混合 )、〈1- 2〉型管壳式、〈1- 4〉型对分流式和〈1- 2〉型分流式 7种间壁式换热器的θ -P图     

三种大管径翅管式换热器传热与阻力特性的试验研究

为考察不同翅片形式以及管排数对空气侧强化传热的影响，分别对9排和12排带平直、开缝、纵向涡3种翅片形式共6个翅片管换热器元件空气侧的传热及阻力性能进行了试验研究，发现开缝翅片管换热器的传热性能高于带纵向涡翅片管换热器和平直翅片管换热器，但阻力相应也增加，带纵向涡发生器的翅片传热性能略低于开缝翅片，但阻力却只比平直翅片稍大，这表明采用这种翅片形式可获得较好的综合性能．不同管排数的同一片型换热器的努塞尔数及阻力因子相差很小，可以认为与管排数无关．在试验的雷诺数范围内针对各个试件整理出了传热和阻力的经验关联式，可为相关的理论研究和工程应用提供参考．     

三股流高温紧凑板翅式换热器的性能分析

建立了三股流紧凑板翅式换热器的动态数学模型.在分布集总参数方法和容阻特性建模技术的基础上,建立了该紧凑板翅式换热器的仿真模型.所建模型详细考虑了流体物性沿换热器长度方向上的变化,能满足系统快速动态仿真的需要,并能反映分布参数特性.稳态特性表明,沿长度方向流体的密度、速度和热传导率变化幅度较大,比热容变化较小;动态特性表明,该换热器具有一定的惯性延迟时间,这将为控制系统的设计和优化提供参考.     

浅谈管壳式换热器

本文介绍了管壳式换热器的基本原理和结构以及简单的设计方法,详细讲解了管壳式换热器中固定管板式换热器、浮头式换热器、u型管式换热器的结构及特点．为管壳式换热器的结构选择提供了参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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