基于异或运算的份额可更新(2,n)门限秘密共享方案

传统的Shamir(k,n)门限秘密共享方案,需要复杂的Galois域Fp中的大量运算,效率较低,不能适应传感器网络、RFID等资源受限的应用环境。为了解决这个问题,Y.Fujii和N.Hosaka等人提出了一种基于纯粹异或运算的(2,n)门限秘密共享方案。该方案效率较Shamir方案有很大提高,但是该方案的秘密份额不具备定期更新性。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于异或运算的可更新门限秘密共享方案,兼具效率较高和份额定期更新的特点,特别适合传感器网络、射频卡、Smart卡等资源紧张的安全环境。     

一种基于ECC具有时间限制的动态秘密共享方案

基于椭圆曲线密码体制(elliptic curve cryptography,ECC)?哈希函数及Shamir的门限方案,提出了具有时间限制的动态秘密共享方案?方案中每个参与者秘密份额由自己生成,并且只需维护自己的一份秘密份额就可以共享任意多个秘密;秘密份额的更新具有时间限制,不需要秘密分发者的参与,参与者和秘密分发者无需同步更新,不存在通信量的问题;参与者的加入/退出不影响其他参与者秘密份额的改变,引起授权子集的增加时,计算量主要是秘密分发者进行的哈希运算;秘密份额的生成具有前向安全性;秘密恢复在有效期内对秘密份额进行验证,防止欺骗行为?方案的安全性基于大数分解?椭圆曲线离散对数问题的难解性及Shamir的门限方案的安全性?     

一种适用于彩色图像的秘密共享方案

提出了一种有效的适用于彩色图像的秘密共享方案。首先对彩色图像进行压缩,然后利用Shamir的(k,n)门限思想将压缩的彩色图像分为n个影子图像,利用收到的k(k≤n)个影子图像恢复原始的彩色图像。该方案克服了彩色图像大数据量的缺点,在保证恢复图像质量的前提下,将影子图像的尺寸减小为原图像的1/2k,将所传输数据量缩减为原图像的1/6k,不仅大量节省了图像的存储空间,同时也缩减了图像的传输时间。实验结果证明了该方案的可行性。     

利用(k,n)-门限方案实现任意访问结构的新方法

使用整数规划，提出了一种利用(k，n)-门限方案实现任意访问结构的新方法．该方法具有如下优点：使用同一个(k，n)-门限方案分享秘密，每个秘密分享的参与者得到子秘密集合的一个子集；秘密分享方案的设计不依赖于特定的(k，n)-门限方案，可以使用任何(k，n)-门限方案实现任意的访问结构；对访问结构没有任何要求(如要求访问结构为图等)；对任意给定的访问结构Γ，该方法所得到的秘密分享方案的(平均)信息率是所有可以使用同一个(k，n)-门限方案实现Γ的秘密分享方案中(平均)信息率最大的．     

一般访问结构上的多秘密共享方案

为扩展多秘密共享的应用范围，基于Shamir的门限秘密共享方案，提出了一般访问结构上的多秘密共享方案．该方案与现有方案不同的是：一次秘密共享过程可以同时共享任意多个秘密；系统中各个参与者的秘密份额可以重用，其长度等于一个秘密的长度．分析表明，与现有方案相比，该方案降低了秘密分发算法和秘密重构算法的计算复杂度，实现了多个秘密的共享，提高了系统性能．     

关于两个不同访问群体的秘密共享方案

根据秘密共享的含义,针对目前秘密共享方案不能解决两个具有不同访问权限的群体的秘密共享问题,引入(s+q,m+n)(qmin{n,s})门限秘密共享的概念;结合微分几何和密码学理论,提出有限域Zp上的参数曲线在实数区间(a,b)内可微的思想.利用平面上曲线的主密钥点Q(k)处的法线与切线的交点来构建(2+1,m+n)情形的门限体制;利用空间曲线的主密钥点Q(k)处的超法面与切线的交点来构建(s+q,m+n)(s≥3)情形的门限体制.经证明该门限方案满足秘密共享的重构要求和安全性要求,是一个完备的秘密共享方案.结果显示,该门限方案具有几何直观、主密钥的单参数表示、可扩充新的秘密共享参与者的优点,是一个具体实用且易于实现的秘密共享方案.     

一种基于椭圆曲线的Shamir门限签名体制

在一种改进的椭圆曲线数字签名算法的基础上,采用Shamir门限秘密共享技术,构造了一个基于椭圆曲线的（t,n）门限数字签名方案,该方案具有鲁棒性、通信代价更小、执行效率更高等特点。     

一种动态的密钥分存方案

基于Shamir秘密共享,提出一种动态的密钥分存方案.该方案中,密钥被拆分为n份,分别交由n个代理秘密保存;其中任意大于或等于t个代理协作可以重构密钥,而任意少于t个代理却不能.另外,在密钥分发者不再持有密钥的前提下,能够动态更新共享、动态增加或删除参与者及动态增加门限值.保证了系统的扩展性、健壮性,从而提高系统的安全性.因而,有着很好的应用前景.     

一种基于Hamming码的门限多秘密共享方案

秘密共享方案为信息安全和数据保密提供了有效方法,在密码学领域中有着重要地位。文章以纠错码中Ham(k,q)的纠错能力为基础,提出了一个新的(n,n)门限多秘密共享方案。将Hamming码中码字作为方案的秘密,并且将参与者进行分组,每个组拥有一份秘密份额,只有全部n个小组提供其正确秘密份额时才能重构秘密。最后依据双变量单向函数f(r,s)的性质和组内成员身份验证,保证秘密的安全性,避免秘密泄露与合谋攻击。     

公共可验证秘密共享方案中多用户注册方案

公共可验证秘密共享方案在完成秘密分发后,管理者将会离开,新用户若想分享主秘密,需要k个原有用户承担管理者功能,给新用户分发秘密分存。该文在公共可验证秘密共享方案基础上,利用非交互的零知识证明,给出了有t(t≥1)个新用户注册时由(k,n)方案到(k,n+t)方案的构造,并讨论了t的适用范围。新的(k,n+t)秘密共享方案具有公共可验证功能,且不改变原有用户的分存和访问结构。和已有具有注册功能的公共可验证秘密共享方案相比,新方案允许多个新用户加入秘密共享,具有更加灵活的性质,而且减少了公开参数,降低了计算复杂度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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