负载BaCeO3／γ—A12O3催化剂的储氮和抗硫特性

用XRD、FT—IR等手段研究了钙铁矿型BaCeO3系列样品的晶相和氯氧化物吸收物种，并测定了它们的储氯量(NSC)．结果表明：加入贵金属反而使NSC降低．而对于负载的BaCeO3／γ-A12O3样品，加入贵金属后，NSC值提高了3倍以上，其顺序为Pt＞Rh＞Pt-Rh．结果还表明，BhCeO3和Pt／BeCeO3样品在φ(SO2)＜0．006％时，仍具有较高的NSC值，而Pt/BaCeO2/γ-A12O3样品不但具有很高的储氮能力而且具有更好的抗硫性能．     

负载BaCeO3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的储氮和抗硫特性

用XRD、FT-IR等手段研究了钙钛矿型BaCeO3系列样品的晶相和氮氧化物吸收物种,并测定了它们的储氮量(NSC). 结果表明:加入贵金属反而使NSC降低. 而对于负载的BaCeO3/γ-Al2O3样品,加入贵金属后,NSC值提高了3倍以上,其顺序为Pt>Rh>Pt-Rh. 结果还表明,BaCeO3和Pt/BaCeO3样品在φ(SO2)<0.006 %时,仍具有较高的NSC值,而Pt/BaCeO3/γ-Al2O3样品不但具有很高的储氮能力而且具有更好的抗硫性能.     

γ-Al2O3负载的Pt,Pd催化剂上邻二甲苯的深度催化氧化

采用浸渍法制备了不同负载量的Pt/γ-Al2O3,Pd/γ-Al2O3及Pt-Pd/γ-Al2O3双金属催化剂并用于邻二甲苯的深度催化氧化.研究发现,在上述单金属催化剂中,Pd/γ-Al2O3的催化活性明显优于Pt/γ-Al2O3;将一定量的Pt添加到Pd/γ-Al2O3中形成Pt-Pd/γ-Al2O3双金属催化体系时,目标污染物的转化率和二氧化碳的产率较单金属催化剂都有显著增加,表明贵金属Pt的添加对Pd/γ-Al2O3的活性有促进作用.同时发现,Pt-Pd/γ-Al2O3具有良好的稳定性,是一种很好的深度催化氧化苯系污染物的催化剂.     

超声辐射制备Fe3+/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化降解含酚废水

应用超声辐射法和浸渍法制备了Fe^3＋／γ-Al2O3催化剂，并进行了非均相Fenton试剂反应以降解含酚废水；比较了两种不同方法制备的非均相催化剂的催化性能，并用XRD和XPS技术对Fe^3＋／γ-Al2O3催化剂进行了表征．研究结果表明：超声辐射法制备的Fe^3＋／γ-Al2O3催化剂具有较高的催化活性，其对苯酚的降解率和降解速率大约为浸渍法的两倍；XRD测定结果表明，催化剂催化降解活性的高低与Fe^3＋／γ-Al2O3表面上的分散状态有关；XPS分析结果表明，超声辐射法制备的催化剂其Fe3O4的衍射峰略低且弥散，半峰宽也较宽，这表明此时Fe3O4在载体上主要以小颗粒高分散状态存在，或是以非晶态的不定形状态存在，这有利于催化剂活性的提高．     

制备条件对钙钛矿型BaZrO3储存NOx能力的影响

采用改进的柠檬酸络合溶胶-凝胶法制备了钙钛矿型BaZrO3催化剂,考察了焙烧温度、吸附温度及SO2浓度对BaZrO3样品富氧条件下的NOx储存性能（NSC）的影响;对其储存的NO2进行程序升温脱附（TPD-MS）测试,并通过BET比表面测定、X射线衍射等方法研究了催化剂的结构及其对性能的影响．结果表明：750℃下焙烧的BaZrO3的比表面积为84．0m^2／g;900℃下焙烧的BaZrO3的烧结程度较高;BaZrO3是主要的NOx吸附中心,750℃焙烧制得的BaZrO3的NSC比900℃焙烧制得的高;BaZrO3样品储存NOx的最佳温度在400℃左右．     

微波法制备固体碱催化肉桂醛合成反应

用微波法制备了固体碱催化剂KF/γ-Al2O3,MgO/γ-Al2O3、KF/NaY和MgO/NaY，并以苯甲醛与乙醛合成肉桂醛为目标反应测试催化性能，同时考察了负载化，反应时间以及催化剂制备方法对反应的影响，结果表明上述催化剂中以KF/γ-Al2O3的活性最好，该催化剂的最佳负载比为25%（质量比）；与浸渍法和焙烧法相比，微波法制备的KF/γ-Al2O3催化性能要好得多。     

复合载体对Co—Mo—K耐硫变换催化剂性能的影响

分别采用沉积沉淀法和浸渍法制备了TiO2-Al2O3,ZrO2-Al2O3复合载体和Co-Mo-K耐硫变换催化剂。借助XRD、TPR和XPS技术对催化剂及其载体的结构、氧化还原性能进行了表征,使用活性评价装置研究了复合载体替代单一γ-A l2O3对Co-Mo-K耐硫变换催化剂的活性及热稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,以复合载体替代传统的γ-Al2O3作为Co-Mo-K耐硫变换催化剂的载体,可以改善催化剂中活性组分的分散性、氧化还原性,明显提高催化剂的活性和热稳定性。     

油包水型微乳液法合成负载Pt催化剂及其评价

以碳酸铵和硝酸铝为原料，分别在由十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、正丁醇、环己烷和水构成的微乳液体系和由十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)、正丁醇、环己烷和水构成的微乳液体系中合成了一定粒径的γ-Al2O3纳米粒子．然后在γ-Al2O3纳米粒子上负载Pt和CeO2形成了Pt／CeO2／Al2O3催化剂．用BET，TEM，XRD，XPS和FT-IR对催化剂进行了分析．结果表明催化剂的粒径随着水与表面活性剂的摩尔比Rw的增大而减少．当催化剂粒径为16nm时，催化剂对NO的还原活性最好．     

辛癸酸甘油酯催化加氢脱氧反应规律

以辛癸酸甘油酯为模型化合物,采用高压流动反应装置考察辛癸酸甘油酯在金属硫化物加氢催化剂CoMo/γ-Al2O3,NiMoP/γ-Al2O3,NiMoP/γ-Al2O3-HUSY和贵金属双功能催化剂Pt/SAPO-11催化剂上的加氢脱氧反应规律.结果表明:辛癸酸甘油酯在加氢催化剂上的反应包括加氢饱和、脱羧、异构化和裂化反应,主要产物为烷烃;采用Pt/SAPO-11催化剂的催化加氢产物中异构化烷烃比例明显提高,脱羧反应和裂解反应得到明显抑制.     

糠醛气相脱羰Pd-Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂的再生

对糠醛气相脱羰制呋喃用Pd-Ni／γ-Al2O3催化剂的失活原因进行了分析。利用空气氧化法、氨气活化法、溶剂洗涤法、硝酸镍浸渍法对失活催化剂进行了再生实验研究．找出失活Pd-Ni／γ-Al2O3催化剂的最优再生方法——硝酸镍浸渍法,确定了糠醛气相脱羰Pd-Ni／γ-Al2O3催化剂的最佳再生工艺参数。通过催化活性评价、物性分析表明．其再生效果较好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that