基于石灰石法脱硫浆液的K_2S_2O_8氧化Hg~0性能

利用改进的Hg~0液相氧化反应器,考察脱硫浆液pH、K2S2O8浓度、金属离子浓度、入口烟气Hg~0和SO2质量浓度对氧化Hg~0性能的影响。研究结果表明:低pH有利于K2S2O8高效氧化Hg~0,p H在5.0左右时,Hg~0氧化效率能维持在83%以上。K2S2O8浓度在5 mmol/L时,Hg~0氧化效率高于90%并呈现很好的运行稳定性。Mn2+,Ag+或Co2+的存在均可提高Hg~0氧化性能,但提高K2S2O8浓度至5 mmol/L也能达同等效果。Hg~0氧化效率随浆液Fe3+浓度的增加先增加后趋于稳定,当Fe3+浓度增至2.0mmol/L以上时,Hg~0氧化效率再次增加;Mg2+的存在反而使Hg~0性能有所降低。Hg~0氧化效率随烟气SO2质量浓度的升高先增加后逐渐下降,最高可达85.57%,且SO2的存在增强了系统Hg~0氧化的稳定性。     

过渡金属离子液相催化氧化低浓度烟气脱硫

对Mn2+,Fe2+,Zn2+3种过渡金属离子液相催化氧化低浓度烟气脱硫的效果进行了对比,并对Mn2+液相催化氧化烟气脱硫的相关工艺参数进行了优化;运用溶液化学原理,对SO2及Mn2+在溶液中的组分进行了计算,研究了Mn2+液相催化氧化烟气脱硫的机理.研究结果表明:Mn2+,Fe2+和Zn2+3种过渡金属离子对烟气脱硫都有催化作用,Mn2+的催化效果最佳;在烟气中,当SO2体积分数为1.4%,O2体积分数为10%,烟气流量为140L/h,吸收液体积为200mL,温度为24℃,吸收液pH为5～6及吸收液中Mn2+浓度为0.15mol/L时,经过一段吸收反应,SO2转化率大于80%,烟气脱硫率大于75%;当吸收液pH=5～6时,锰主要以Mn2+形式存在,SO2主要以HSO-3的形成存在;其催化反应的机理为:Mn2+与HSO-3反应形成络合物,成为反应链的引发剂来诱发氧化反应.     

等离子体氧化NO耦合湿式氨法同时脱硫脱硝试验研究

为提高燃煤烟气同时脱硫脱硝工艺中的脱硝效率,将等离子体氧化技术应用到湿式氨法脱硫工艺中,建立了等离子体氧化NO耦合湿式氨法的脱硫脱硝试验装置.考察了液气比、氨水浓度、烟气流量、烟气温度、NO初始浓度、SO2初始浓度等工艺参数对同时脱硫脱硝性能的影响.试验结果表明:提高液气比、增加氨水浓度、减少烟气流量、降低烟气温度、减小NO和SO2初始浓度都可以提高脱硝效率,而试验范围内工艺参数对脱硫效率的影响几乎可以忽略;当液气比为10 L/m3、氨水浓度为4 mol/L、烟气流量为10 m3/h、烟气温度为85℃、NO初始浓度为3.5×10-4、SO2初始浓度为1.0×10-3时,该试验装置的脱硫效率和脱硝效率分别为99.6%和69.4%.     

液相催化氧化法烟气脱硫工艺研究

研究以Mn2+作为催化剂的液相催化氧化烟气脱硫工艺,对解决目前中小型燃煤锅炉的污染现状有着重要的意义.针对我国中小型燃煤锅炉烟气的特点,采用了以MnSO4为催化剂的液相催化氧化烟气脱硫工艺.为了优化工艺参数,在实验室建立了实验模型,模拟现场实际运行的状况,对Mn2+为催化剂的脱硫效率影响因素进行了研究.实验结果表明:当SO2浓度小于2000mg/m3,烟气流量1.5 L/min时,吸收液体积20mL,温度为28℃,pH值5～6,Mn2+浓度为0.12 mol/L时,脱硫效率可以达到85%以上.     

烧结烟气鼓泡脱硫的三维数值模拟

对钢铁行业烧结工序的烟气脱硫过程进行了数值模拟研究,以220 m2烧结烟气脱硫塔为模拟对象建立了鼓泡脱硫塔气液流动与脱硫反应耦合的三维数理模型,考察了Ca(OH)2浓度、表观气速、入口烟气温度、入口烟气SO2浓度对烟气中SO2脱除率的影响.以表观气速0.11m/s、入口烟气温度418 K、入口烟气SO2浓度1 600 mg/m3、Ca(OH)2浓度0.614 mol/L、浆液温度323 K为基准工况,逐一改变单个运行参数.研究结果表明:当Ca(OH)2摩尔浓度为0.1~0.614 mol/L时,脱硫率随浆液中Ca(OH)2浓度的增加显著增大;当表观气速为0.07~0.21m/s时,脱硫率随流速的增大而降低;当入口烟气温度为370~445 K时,脱硫率随温度的增大而降低;当入口烟气SO2浓度为2 000~2 400 mg/m3时,脱硫率随入口烟气中SO2浓度的增加有所降低.     

生物滴滤法脱除废气中SO_2工艺的研究

优化生物滴滤塔的性能,以提高其对SO2废气的处理效率.在单因素实验的基础上,以气体流量、SO2浓度、温度及pH值作为考察因素,通过设计正交试验,研究其脱硫最佳工艺条件;在最佳工况条件下探讨不同入口浓度、不同填料层高度及喷淋量对脱硫效率的影响.结果表明,各因素对SO2去除率影响大小次序为SO2浓度>温度>气体流量>pH值;最佳工艺条件为气体流量0.9m3/h,SO2浓度1 000mg/m3,pH值2.3~2.4,温度28℃.脱硫率随填料层高度增加而增大, 30L/h喷淋量的脱硫效果较优于24L/h,并且生物滴滤法比较适合于低浓度脱硫.     

沸腾炉掺烧半干法烧结烟气脱硫灰的SO_2逸出特性

通过改变原料配比、通气量、焙烧温度以及焙烧时间,研究沸腾炉掺烧半干法烧结烟气脱硫灰的SO2逸出特性。结果表明,随着脱硫灰含量的增加,混合料中有效S含量减少,导致SO2逸出量减少;当通气量在180~240mL/min范围内,SO2逸出量随通气量增大而增加,通气量超过240mL/min时,SO2逸出量开始减少;在750~900℃范围内,SO2逸出量随焙烧温度升高而逐渐增加,其中在800~850℃温区内SO2增量最小;保温开始阶段,SO2逸出量随焙烧时间的延长而略有增加,当延长至15 min时,掺烧反应基本结束,即不再有SO2气体生成。     

变参数对深冷烟气脱硫效果的影响

为了减少烟气中SO2的排放,提出了对烟气中的SO2进行深冷液化分离的脱硫方法。基于Aspen plus建立了一种深冷脱硫流程,选用SRK(Soave Redich-Kwong)物性方法对流程进行稳态模拟,研究了深冷温度、深冷压力和SO2浓度对深冷液化分离效果的影响规律。搭建了深冷脱硫试验台,进行了试验验证。研究发现,对于SO2质量浓度为1 000 mg/m3的烟气,深冷压力为500 kPa时,深冷温度从-15℃降至-45℃过程中,SO2脱除效率从40.2%增加到73.2%;深冷温度在-45℃时,从500 kPa增加到4 000 kPa过程中,脱除效率从73.2%提高到92.9%;提高SO2浓度有利于提高脱除效率。综合结果表明,深冷液化分离系统具有较好的液化和分离效果。若SO2脱除效率在80%以上时,其工艺参数范围为:深冷温度低于-35℃,深冷压力高于2 000 kPa。     

湿式电迁移烟气脱硫技术研究

介绍了湿式电迁移烟气脱硫试验,利用SO2在放电条件下能俘获电子形成负离子,并在电场作用下发生迁移的特性,将电晕放电和湿式水膜结合起来进行烟气脱硫．通过模拟试验,研究了模拟烟气参数、反应器结构及放电特性等因素对SO2电迁移和脱硫效率的影响．试验结果表明：SO2在放电电场中具有电迁移的能力,系统脱硫效率随电压升高、放电区长度和输入功率增加而增加,脱硫效率可以达到90％以上．     

Fe_2(SO_4)_3氧化脱除煤中无机硫的研究

以3种高硫煤为对象,考察了反应温度、反应时间、Fe2(SO4)3溶液浓度和原煤粒度等因素对Fe2(SO4)3溶液热处理脱硫效果的影响,并对脱硫前后原煤理化性质的变化进行了研究。结果表明:在Fe2(SO4)3溶液浓度为1mol/L,反应温度为90℃,反应时间为4h,煤粒度小于0.096mm的条件下,原煤中黄铁矿硫的脱除率高达67%,而煤中的有机硫含量并无明显的变化;升高反应温度,增加Fe2(SO4)3溶液浓度,延长反应时间以及减小原煤粒径均可在一定程度上提高原煤的黄铁矿硫和全硫的脱硫率;经Fe2(SO4)3溶液处理后原煤的黏结性均出现了不同程度的下降,其中新峪煤完全失去了黏结性;Fe2(SO4)3溶液脱除原煤中无机硫主要是通过Fe3+的强氧化性将黄铁矿硫氧化为SO2-4进而脱除。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.