连续式泡沫分离去除水中低含量锌离子的研究

采用连续式泡沫分离法对水中的锌离子的去除进行了研究,考察了pH值、表面活性剂的浓度、溶气压力、溶气水流量、进料量和硫酸铝质量浓度等因素的影响.当水中的锌离子初始质量浓度为10 mg/L,pH值为11,采用α-烯基磺酸钠(AOS)做表面活性剂且质量浓度为15 mg/L,进料60 L/h,溶气水流量为300 L/h时,去除率可达98.37%.     

气浮法去除水中铅离子的实验研究

萃取法等传统分离方法在处理含铅稀水溶液时，效果较差；膜分离等新型技术存在膜中毒和再生等技术问题对采用沉淀气浮法去除水中的微量铅(含铅10mg／L)进行了研究，讨论了各种因素对去除率的影响，实验结果表明在表面活性剂质量浓度为20mg/L，铝铅摩尔比为3：1，pH值为9～10时处理效果较好，去除率可达97％。     

连续流泡沫分离法去除水中的Cr(Ⅵ)

采用连续式泡沫分离法处理废水中的Cr（Ⅵ），考察了pH值、阳离子表面活性剂质量浓度、气量、回流量、进水流量、液位高度等因素对Cr（Ⅵ）去除率的影响规律．分析发现最佳的操作条件是pH值为4．00、气量为0．10m^3／h、回流量15．0L／h、进水1．0L／h、表面活性剂质量浓度为300．0mg／L、液位高为105．0cm,此时去除率88．5％．实验结果表明，连续式泡沫分离技术处理水中的Cr（Ⅵ）效果比较稳定．     

用壳聚糖脱除废水中的铜离子

研究了利用脱乙酰基壳聚糖絮凝剂絮凝除铜的方法.考察了氢氧化物、pH值、铜离子质量浓度、絮凝时间以及絮凝温度对去除率的影响.当pH=8时,用壳聚糖吸附铜离子,水样铜离子质量浓度低于100 mg.L-1时,除铜率在99%以上;即使铜离子原始质量浓度在400 mg.L-1,残液铜离子质量浓度仍符合国家废水排放标准.用NaOH絮凝沉淀,pH=11时,除铜率达100%,耗碱量大,不符合废水排放的酸度要求.     

废水中十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的Fenton氧化降解

研究了废水中阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的Fenton氧化降解.考察了H2O2及Fe2+的浓度、pH值和反应时间对去除效果的影响.优化后的降解反应的条件是:pH为3.0,H2O2与CTAB浓度质量比为1:2.3,Fe2+质量浓度为20.0 mg·L-1.当CTAB初始质量浓度为20.0 mg·L-1时,在最佳反应条件下,CTAB的去除率可在30 min达到90%以上,H2O2浓度的增大有助于提高TOC的去除率.降解产物中检出CHOOH和CO2等.实验结果表明Fenton氧化降解法可以快速有效除去废水中的季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂.     

铝锆柱撑蒙脱石处理Cr(Ⅵ)废水的应用研究

比较了膨润土原土及铝锆柱撑蒙脱石处理Cr(Ⅵ )废水的性能 ,探讨了蒙脱石用量、Cr(Ⅵ )废水浓度、pH值等因素对膨润土吸附Cr(Ⅵ )实验的影响 .结果表明 :铝锆柱撑蒙脱石对Cr(Ⅵ )的吸附效果比原土有较大提高 ;Cr(Ⅵ )废水的pH值、膨润土用量对Cr(Ⅵ )吸附效率影响较大 .当pH =2 ,柱撑膨润土用量为 6g·L- 1 ,对浓度为 5 0mg·L- 1 Cr(Ⅵ )吸附率几乎达 10 0 % .铝锆柱撑蒙脱石应用于化工厂的铬渣浸出液中Cr(Ⅵ )的吸附效果显著 .铝锆柱撑蒙脱石对Cr(Ⅵ )的吸附包括表面物理吸附与层间离子化学吸附 .     

电吸附法去除水中CTAB的研究

采用电吸附法去除水中的离子型表面活性CTAB,利用全自动表面张力仪测定了CTAB的CMC值,研究了电压、支持电解质、pH及初始浓度等因素对CTAB去除率的影响.结果表明,CTAB的CMC值为180 mg/L;适当增大电压,有助于提高去除速率,缩短平衡时间,且平衡时的去除率也相应增大,最佳吸附电压为2.5 V;去除率随支持电解质浓度及pH值的升高而升高,随初始浓度的升高而降低.电吸附法可有效去除水中的离子型表面活性剂CTAB,为水中表面活性剂的处理提供了一种新思路.     

化学镀法制备镍包铜复合粉末

采用化学镀法制备镍包铜复合粉末,通过研究化学镀过程中还原剂、络合剂及稳定剂的质量浓度、温度、pH值等因素对沉积速率的影响规律得出化学镀镍的优化条件.利用XRD、SEM和EDS等测试手段对优化条件下制备的复合粉末进行表征.研究结果表明:当硫酸镍质量浓度30g·L-1,铜粉质量浓度10g·L-1,联氨质量浓度60g·L-1,柠檬酸钠质量浓度50g·L-1,硫脲质量浓度10~20mg·L-1,控制温度80~90℃,pH=10,超声功率50W时,镀层沉积速度较快,复合粉末表面镍包覆层均匀,包覆层厚度为0.29μm.     

Nano-HCO吸附剂的制备及其除As(Ⅲ)性能

采用溶胶沉淀结合超声分散处理的方法,制备平均粒径为70 nm,比表面积为212 m2.g-1的纳米级水合氧化铈(Nano-HCO)吸附剂.在pH值为4~10,初始As(Ⅲ)质量浓度为10 mg.L-1,吸附剂投加量为1.0 g.L-1的反应条件下,可在2 h内将溶液中As(Ⅲ)质量浓度降低到0.01 mg.L-1以下.Nano-HCO吸附剂对砷的吸附等温线服从Langmuir方程,对应不同pH值,其对As(Ⅲ)的吸附容量较未经超声分散处理的水合氧化铈提高29%~141%,且水温的升高有助于增加As(Ⅲ)的吸附程度.     

泥沙质量浓度和pH对不同粒径泥沙吸附磷影响研究

以北京大兴南海子湖表层沉积物为研究对象,测试分析了粒径φ0.246mm、泥沙在含沙质量浓度为5、10、30、50g·L-1对磷的吸附过程,以及细砂(0.147～0.246 mm)、极细砂(0.074～0.147 mm)、粉粒(0.038 5～0.074 0mm)和粉粒粘粒混合物(≤0.038 5mm)4种粒径泥沙在不同pH值条件下对磷的吸附行为.研究结果表明:二级动力学方程能够比较理想地反映南海子泥沙对磷的吸附动力学过程(R20.98),吸附平衡时单位质量泥沙饱和吸附量由大到小排序为:粉粒黏粒混合物(0.107mg·g-1)、粉粒(0.096mg·g-1)、细砂(0.095mg·g-1)、极细砂(0.051mg·g-1)·pH值对极细砂、粉粒、粉粒黏粒混合物影响相似,pH值为4～10之间,吸附量变化不大,在pH10时,吸附量降低,pH4时,吸附量升高.在磷初始质量浓度ρ01.2mg·L-1时,随着泥沙质量浓度增大水溶液中磷吸附的绝对量升高,从最大吸附容量(Xm)来看,单位质量泥沙吸附磷量降低,泥沙之间对磷的吸附存在竞争且与磷初始质量浓度有关.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.