UV/Fenton试剂处理阴离子表面活性剂废水性能研究

采用UV/Fenton试剂降解SDBS阴离子表面活性剂废水,在初始p H为3.0,Fe2+浓度为0.033 mol·L-1,H2O2分2次投加,总投加浓度为0.89 mol·L-1时,室温下紫外辐射反应30min,SDBS降解率可达89.01%.将UV、Fenton、UV/Fenton 3种体系处理SDBS废水的效果进行比较,发现UV对Fe2+催化H2O2氧化降解有机废水存在协同作用.     

腈纶废水的光催化氧化技术研究

采用UV/Fenton氧化处理难降解腈纶废水,研究了Fe2 和H2O2的投加量、pH值、光照时间、光照强度、有机物的浓度等条件对降解腈纶废水效果的影响.通过实验得出了UV/Fenton试剂氧化处理腈纶废水的最佳反应条件为:原水样pH3,Fe2 浓度为10 mmol·L-1,H2O2浓度为20 mmol·L-1,紫外光照强度为l000W(λ=365nm),光照时间为50min,COD降解率最高达62.77%.     

UV/Fenton/杂多酸体系光催化氧化结晶紫

由于光助Fenton反应产生大量·OH而使有机物得以氧化降解,杂多酸具有强的紫外光吸收特性,可以作为Fenton反应的活化剂.研究以结晶紫为底物,考察了UV/Fenton/杂多酸体系对染料的降解作用,考察了pH值、H2O2的用量、Fe2+的用量、杂多酸的引入等因素的影响,确定了优化的实验条件:在结晶紫的浓度是20 mg·L-1时,加入2.4 g·L-1 30%的H2O2,0.02 g·L-1 的Fe2+,0.024 g·L-1的磷钨酸,pH2.7时反应60min后测得脱色率高达95%.研究结果表明:紫外光能有效地促进结晶紫的氧化脱色,引入杂多酸催化剂后,可增强Fenton试剂的反应活性,大大缩短反应时间.     

纳米铁系金属制剂用于类Fenton氧化降解2,4-二氯苯酚

研究了3种纳米铁系金属制剂(nZVI、nZVI/Ni、nZVI/Pd)在类Fenton氧化法中对水中2,4-二氯苯酚(2,4-DCP)降解效率的影响,同时与纳米铁系金属制剂还原脱氯降解2,4-DCP效果比较.结果表明:1.0 g· L-1 Fe、100 mg·L-12,4-DCP,反应180 min,nZVI,nZVI/Ni,nZVI/Pd和Fe2+对水中2,4-DCP去除率分别为6.48％,6.80％,15.95％和5.02％;而在类Fenton氧化法中,nZVI,nZVI/Ni,nZVI/Pd和Fe2+对2,4-DCP去除率分别是57.87％,34.23％,27.94％和19.61％,清楚表明纳米双金属有催化还原脱氯活性,但在类Fenton法中,由于纳米双金属的催化活性导致H2O2分解,使得nZVI更有利于类Fenton氧化降解2,4-DCP.SEM、EDS和XRD表征说明:由于Fe2+溶出,nZVI在类Fenton反应前后的表面微观结构发生微小变化;FTIR与TOC(矿化率30.71％)结果进一步证明2,4-DCP被氧化降解.此外,条件实验发现pH和2,4-DCP初始质量浓度对类Fenton法降解2,4-DCP有较大的影响,其氧化降解过程符合伪一级动力学,是一个扩散控制过程.     

过氧化氢氧化法处理糖蜜酒精蒸馏废水初探

采用H2 O2 -Fe2 + 催化氧化法对糖蜜酒精蒸馏废水进行初步处理试验。结果表明 ,H2 O2 对糖蜜酒精蒸馏废水有较好的氧化降解效果 ,在温度为 30℃ ,催化剂Fe2 + 用量为 0 .46 g·L-1,H2 O2 用量为 41.7g·L-1,废水经过 15h氧化反应后 ,用石灰乳中和调节至 pH =7,废水COD去除率可达 80 %,色度去除率达 94%.     

UV/Fenton试剂处理高浓度含酚废水的实验研究

研究UV/Fenton试剂中各个因素对降解高浓度含酚废水的影响,确定UV/Fenton法处理高浓度含酚废水的最佳工艺条件.保持UV/Fenton体系的基准条件不变,通过改变pH值、H2O2浓度、Fe2+浓度、反应时间等实验条件,考察这些因素对UV/Fenton法处理高浓度含酚废水效果的影响.结果表明,UV/Fenton试剂对高浓度舍酚废水有较好的去除效果和较高的反应速率.当苯酚初始浓度为1 000 mg/L时,紫外光波长为253.7 nm,反应时间为25～40 min,pH值为6～7,H2O2浓度为40～50 mmol/L,Fe2+浓度为28～30 mg/L时,苯酚去除率可迭90%以上,满足后续生物降解要求.     

Fenton降解活性黑5的褪色动力学研究

利用在线分光光度法对Fenton试剂降解活性黑5模拟废水进行褪色行为研究,考察了FeSO4初始浓度、H2O2初始浓度、pH值、反应温度等因素对活性黑5褪色过程的影响规律.结果表明,Fenton氧化过程分为两个拟一级动力学过程,反应前期褪色速率常数(k1)和反应后期褪色速率常数(k2)相差约5倍.增大Fe2+的初始浓度和体系温度能够增加k1和去除率,且k1与Fe2+初始浓度线性相关,反应活化能为3.451 kJ/mol;H2O2初始浓度和pH值存在最佳值,分别为2.118 mmol/L和3.     

气液流化床内氧化法处理含酚废水

研究在流化床内使用Fenton试剂氧化处理模拟含酚废水,探讨H2O2和Fe2+的初始浓度、H2O2与Fe2+的摩尔比(n(H2O2)/n(Fe2+))、pH、反应温度、反应时间和通气量等因素对苯酚去除率的影响.确定最佳处理条件为:c(H2O2)=12 mmol/L,n(H2O2)/n(Fe2+)=4:1,pH=4,温度为60℃,反应时间为30 min,通气量为0.12 m3/h,在此最佳实验条件下苯酚的去除率可达96％,此时的苯酚质量浓度为100mg/L.     

Fenton试剂氧化预处理橡胶促进剂生产废水

采用Fenton试剂氧化处理橡胶促进剂生产废水.研究H2O2投加量、Fe2 投加量、反应时间及进水浓度对COD去除率的影响,通过实验确定了Fenton试剂处理该废水的最佳操作条件为:Fe2 加入量0.4g.L-1,反应时间20 min,H2O2加入量为18 mL.L-1,pH=3.     

纳米铁系金属制剂用于类Fenton氧化降解2,4-二氯苯酚

研究了3种纳米铁系金属制剂(nZVI、nZVI/Ni、nZVI/Pd)在类Fenton氧化法中对水中2,4-二氯苯酚(2,4-DCP)降解效率的影响,同时与纳米铁系金属制剂还原脱氯降解2,4-DCP效果比较.结果表明:1.0 g.L-1Fe、100 mg.L-12,4-DCP,反应180 min,nZVI,nZVI/Ni,nZVI/Pd和Fe2+对水中2,4-DCP去除率分别为6.48%,6.80%,15.95%和5.02%;而在类Fenton氧化法中,nZVI,nZVI/Ni,nZVI/Pd和Fe2+对2,4-DCP去除率分别是57.87%,34.23%,27.94%和19.61%,清楚表明纳米双金属有催化还原脱氯活性,但在类Fenton法中,由于纳米双金属的催化活性导致H2O2分解,使得nZVI更有利于类Fenton氧化降解2,4-DCP.SEM、EDS和XRD表征说明:由于Fe2+溶出,nZVI在类Fenton反应前后的表面微观结构发生微小变化;FTIR与TOC(矿化率30.71%)结果进一步证明2,4-DCP被氧化降解.此外,条件实验发现pH和2,4-DCP初始质量浓度对类Fenton法降解2,4-DCP有较大的影响,其氧化降解过程符合伪一级动力学,是一个扩散控制过程.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.