基于DYNAFORM的汽车覆盖件成形分析

针对汽车车身模具中主要的汽车覆盖件模具的设计制造,采用DYNAFORM软件对典型的汽车覆盖件发动机罩外板进行成形分析,模拟分析设置不同的拉延筋和不设置拉延筋对汽车发动机罩外板成形的影响,预测覆盖件冲压成形过程中易产生的缺陷,根据模拟分析的结果可以修改模具设计和生产工艺,不仅可以降低生产周期和生产成本,而且减少了复杂多次的试模与修模,使生产效率提高、市场竞争力加强。     

CFRP-AA5052铝合金三层板自冲铆接性能研究

本文旨在研究碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)-AA5052铝合金三层板自冲铆接的可行性,评估板材搭接顺序对接头截面形状的影响,探究接头成形的机理;通过拉伸-剪切试验研究试样配置及承载形式对接头机械性能的影响。结果表明：板材搭接配置会影响接头内部材料的流动趋势,从而影响接头的成形质量,CFRP板作为中间层时接头可获得良好的机械内锁成形;CFRP板作为中间层并单独作为接头的一端承受拉剪载荷时,接头的失效位移达9.5mm,同时接头可获得较优的刚度和抗剪强度。     

碳纤维增强聚合物-AA5052铝合金三层板自冲铆接性能

旨在研究碳纤维增强聚合物(carbon fiber reinforced polymer,CFRP)-AA5052铝合金三层板自冲铆接的可行性,评估板材搭接顺序对接头截面形状的影响,探究接头成形的机理。通过拉伸-剪切试验研究试样配置及承载形式对接头机械性能的影响。结果表明:板材搭接配置会影响接头内部材料的流动趋势,从而影响接头的成形质量。CFRP板作为中间层时接头可获得良好的机械内锁成形。CFRP板作为中间层并单独作为接头的一端承受拉剪载荷时,接头的失效位移达9.5 mm,同时接头可获得较优的刚度和抗剪强度。     

热轧AZ31镁合金薄板的室温成形性

针对AZ31镁合金板材室温冲压成形较差的特点,采用不同轧制温度获得镁合金板材,使用半球形凸模胀形,绘制镁合金室温成形极限图并分析轧制温度对镁合金板材组织和室温成形能力的影响.发现AZ31镁合金板材的成形性能不仅与晶粒尺寸有关,还与晶粒取向有关.基面织构的减弱可明显提高板材的胀形性能,在基面织构强度相似的情况下,晶粒尺寸对板材的成形性能起决定性影响.     

铝合金覆层板成形极限图

提出一种创新的试验方法研究铝合金覆层板的成形极限图,即采用单拉试验获得成形极限图的左半区域,右半区域采用不同椭圆度的凹模得到不同应力状态下覆层板的成形极限应变,并且在成形极限图中引入方板对角拉伸试验数据,用于预测板材成形过程中起皱缺陷的产生,使成形极限图的预测功能更加完善。同时,进一步研究不同覆板材料和厚度对铝合金目标板材成形极限图的影响。研究结果表明:在覆层板方式下,目标板材成形极限图中的极限临界区向上移动,并向右移动,成形极限增大,并且成形极限图中起皱区域面积减小,抗失稳能力提高。成形过程选择强度系数K较高、加工硬化指数n较大及适当厚度的覆板有助于成形板材成形性能的提高。     

泡沫铝层合结构汽车发动机罩板研究

为了提高汽车的节能性、安全性,文章以某汽车发动机罩板为设计原型,以轻量化和刚度满足要求为约束条件,设计了泡沫铝层合结构汽车发动机罩板;利用有限元仿真分析方法对2种结构汽车发动机罩板的静态性能及其与行人头部碰撞保护性进行了分析。结果表明,泡沫铝层合结构汽车发动机罩板不仅可以实现汽车轻量化,达到节能减排的目的,而且还可提高汽车发动机罩板的静态性能及与行人碰撞的安全性。     

基于有限元法的汽车A柱内板成形缺陷研究和工艺优化

起皱和开裂是汽车内板面临的两大主要问题.以某系列带有缺陷的A柱内板为例,采用有限元法模拟分析其冲压成形全过程.通过与实际零件起皱和开裂位置的对比,验证了该数值模型的可靠性.采用该有限元模型研究冲压件成形过程中材料流动的方向,结果表明,成形过程中板料流动受阻是该A柱内板产生起皱和开裂的主要原因.为解决某车型A柱内板表面缺陷的问题,提出在板材受阻位置切割一个三角形缺口的优化方法.相应的模拟结果表明,通过切割板材,可缓解板材流动受阻现象,该车A柱内板起皱和开裂现象得以解决.     

面向轻量化的车身高强度钢覆盖件刚度仿真

基于壳体有限元理论,在满足车身设计规范前提下,进行车身外覆盖件轻量化定量仿真研究.以发动机罩板为对象,根据车身结构安全性能要求,建立抗弯和抗扭刚度仿真模型.以ST14传统钢板材料仿真结果为比较基准,进行以BH340高强度烘烤硬化钢板为替代材料的发动机罩板轻量化开发.结果表明:在满足车身刚度设计规范前提下,该方案能实现发动机罩板减重14.28%,满足轻量化设计要求.     

基于有限元法的轿车发动机罩板轻量化设计

以某型多功能乘用车为对象，结合材料替换与结构改进对该车的发动机罩内、外板进行轻量化设计，同时解决了实车碰撞试验中发动机罩铰链发生断裂的问题．轻量化设计的发动机罩板满足了静态刚度设计要求及整车耐撞安全性能，验证了轻量化方案的可行性．发动机罩内、外板的减重效果分别为46．38%和50．18％．     

冲压连接接头拉剪强度的有限元分析

本文针对冲压连接接头拉剪强度的数值模拟方法进行研究。对0.7 mm低碳钢 0.7 mm低碳钢以及 1 mm低碳钢 1 mm低碳钢板冲压连接接头的剪切拉伸过程建立有限元模型,采用数值模拟的方法分析了冲压连接接头的拉剪强度及失效形式。并且通过试验过程验证有限元模拟结果的可靠性。在确定有限元模型可靠的情况下,分析了冲压连接接头处的网格尺寸以及冲压连接接头的嵌入值对冲压连接接头的影响。研究结果表明：有限元模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好;合适的网格尺寸能够在优化计算时间的同时得到可靠的计算结果;冲压连接接头的拉剪强度受上板嵌入值影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-