利用相干渡越辐射测量自由电子激光的群聚

探讨了利用相干渡越辐射(CTR)来测量自由电子激光(FEL)群聚电子束的测量方法。根据相干渡越辐射(CTR)的特性,结合FEL中电子束群聚的特点,建立了理论模型。利用CAEP光阴极RF腔注入器、30 M eV射频加速器产生的30 M eV电子束及相应的FEL装置进行了实验验证。结果表明:群聚后电子束渡越辐射的强度大大高于非群聚电子束的辐射强度,而且辐射角也很小,反映了该辐射的相干性,由此可以给出电子束的群聚效果。     

CAEP-FEL装置自发辐射和同步辐射分析

在自由电子激光振荡器中，电子在摇摆器产生的自发辐射与在偏转轨道上产生的同步辐射同时存在，自发辐射是与受激辐射密切相关的过程。分析对比了同步辐射与自发辐射的强度和频谱分布，并与实验结果进行了比较。     

光学速调管中电子束自发辐射谱的能散展宽效应

用一种简单近似的数值模拟方法，模拟了光学速调管的自发辐射，分析和讨论了电子束能散对光学速调管自发辐射谱非线性展宽效应；模拟结果表明，当能散度大于０．００１时，三次谐波辐射谱的调制深度将接近于零；因此为了得到更大的调制因子和更强增益，以保证三次相干谐波的产生；光学速调管必须在更低的电子束能散度下工作．     

相对论性电子在行波磁场中的运动

相对论性电子在周期性磁场中的运动将产生自发辐射，这是产生自由电子激光的基础。本采用的行波磁场，是一种新型的周期性磁场。通过讨论要以看出，当电子通过这种磁场时也将产生自发辐射，从而说明该磁场能做为自由电子激光器的摆动器。     

合肥储存环光学速调管自发辐射的数值模拟

采用数值模拟方法,结合实测磁场,并考虑到束流能散、角分散、位置分散的影响,计算了合肥储存环光学速调管的自发辐射谱．在模拟过程中电子的随机抽样采用了统计平均法．讨论了能散、角分散、位置分散对自发辐射调制率的影响,计算了电子的偏轴入射及斜入射对自发辐射谱的影响,得到了许多重要数据,对实验有着指导意义     

砷化镓光导开关中流注自发辐射实验的理论分析

分析了高增益砷化镓光导开关中流注（即电流丝）一端不同辐射波长的自发辐射实验现象,导出了不同辐射波长的辐射复合系数之间的关系,拓展了电流丝的自发辐射随电流丝电流变化的数学模型．计算结果表明,丝电流相同时流注自发辐射的其他峰值强度略小于890nm自发辐射强度．     

电子在特殊摆动器中运动的辐射

本文根据电子在与Ｚ轴无关磁场的摆动器中的运动，分析、计算了运动电子的自发辐射。最后结果中包含一个重要因子（ｓｉｎη／η）＾２，它把自由电子的受激辐射与自发辐射联系起来了，结果说明，当△ω＝０，即在共振情形下，电子在磁场与Ｚ轴无关摆动器中的自发辐射消失。     

光泵NH3分子远红外激光一条新谱线的发现

光泵ＮＨ_３分子远红外激光一条新谱线的发现秦家银，郑兴世，罗锡璋，林贻堃（中山大学无线电电子学系，广州５１０２７５）关键词光泵远红外激光，放大自发辐射，受激拉曼跃迁分类号Ｏ４３３．５４自１９７０年美籍华裔学者张道源等人首先使用ＣＯ。激光泵浦ＣＨ。Ｆ产...     

电子在长直载流导线磁场中运动的自发辐射

根据电子在长直载流导线磁场中的运动和相对论性电子产生辐射的一般规律，计算并分析了电子在这种磁场中运动所产生的自发辐射强度分布，最后的结果中包含一个重要因子ｓｉｎｃ＾２η，正是它把自由电子的自发辐射与受激辐射联系起来了。     

为什么自由电子不能通过Stern-Gerlach实验极化?

众所周知，一束处于Ｓ态的氢原子通过Ｓｔｅｒｎ－Ｇｅｒｌａｃｈ实验中的不均匀磁场后分裂成两束．这两束氢原子中电子的自旋Ｓ在磁场方向上的分量分别为ｈ／２与一ｈ／２，即氢原子中的电子被完全极化了．但是，如果改用电子束重复上述实验，则电子束不能分裂成两束．尽管人们曾作过许多努力，自由电子通过Ｓｔｅｒｎ－Ｇｅｒｌａｃｈ实验极化的目的却始终不能实现．为什么？这是在量子力学教学中必须回答的问题．本文参考有关文献［１］作如下讨论．１电子束的宽度总是远大于它的德布洛意波长如图１所示，由Ｏ发射在ｙ方向加速并准直的一…     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.