经编间隔织物增强聚氨酯基复合材料的压缩性能

将经编间隔织物与软质聚氨酯泡沫复合,制备了5种经编间隔织物增强聚氨酯基复合材料试样.对复合材料进行了平板压缩试验,探讨间隔丝针背横移数、间隔丝直径和织物厚度对复合材料压缩和能量吸收性能的影响.利用有限元分析方法和ANSYS软件建立了复合材料的单胞有限元模型,对其压缩性能进行了模拟,得到复合材料的应力云图和应力-压缩率曲线.有限元模拟结果与试验结果显示出较好的吻合度.     

基于间隔丝排列模型的经编间隔织物压缩性能

提出了经编间隔织物间隔丝的排列模型,并在此基础上研究间隔织物的压缩性能.对模型进行简化并得到了不同表面组织、织物厚度、间隔丝直径的间隔丝排列加权平均倾斜角.根据间隔织物压缩方程和理论参数,由Matlab模拟得到间隔织物的理论压缩曲线,并与试验得到的压缩曲线进行比较.结果表明,根据间隔丝排列模型得到的理论压缩曲线与试验曲线拟合较好,具有较大的网孔表面和织物厚度及较小的间隔丝直径的经编间隔织物在小变形压缩下的压力较小.     

经编间隔织物增强聚氨酯复合材料的制备及其吸声性能

将具有不同结构参数的经编间隔织物与聚氨酯泡沫材料复合,制备了7种经编间隔织物增强聚氨酯复合材料试样.利用驻波管对复合材料进行了吸声性能测试,探讨间隔丝垫纱方式、织物厚度和表面组织结构对复合材料声波吸收性能的影响.测试结果表明,复合材料具有优异的吸声特性,其吸声性能可以通过改变织物结构参数进行调整.     

经编间隔织物增强聚氨酯基复合材料的压缩模型

通过将经编间隔织物与软质聚氨酯泡沫复合,制备出一种经编间隔织物增强聚氨酯基复合材料。在忽略材料面板对复合材料整体力学作用的前提下,着重对间隔丝的空间分布及受力情况进行分析,建立了基于文克尔弹性地基梁理论的复合材料压缩理论模型,进而得到理论压缩应力-应变曲线,并将其与试验得到的压缩应力-应变曲线进行对比,结果显示两者之间具有较高的吻合度。这说明本文所建立的压缩模型能较好地模拟经编间隔织物增强聚氨酯基复合材料实际的受力情况,可为实际工程应用提供理论指导。     

剪切增稠液流变性能及其复合材料动态冲击压缩性能

制备二氧化硅质量分数为23%的二氧化硅/聚乙二醇剪切增稠液(STF),采用流变仪测试STF的稳态和动态流变性能.将STF与经编间隔织物(WKSF)复合后,测试其动态冲击压缩性能.研究结果表明,在低剪切速率作用下,STF出现剪切变稀现象,达到临界剪切速率后,出现增稠现象.在动态冲击压缩下,STF-经编间隔织物复合材料与纯经编间隔织物表现出不同的压缩性能,纯经编间隔织物在压缩过程中存在弹性阶段和压实阶段,STF-经编间隔织物复合材料则表现为均一弹性模量压缩.相比于纯经编间隔织物,STF-经编间隔织物复合材料变形较小,在相同形变时吸收的能量较多.     

机织间隔织物柱纱高度的确定

机织间隔织物的厚度由柱纱的高度决定.为了确定影响柱纱高度的因素,从几何结构角度出发,定义了影响机织间隔织物柱纱形态的5个结构参数,并建立了结构参数间的几何关系.通过将柱纱高度计算值同实测值的比较,发现计算值与实测值吻合得较好,证明所建立的柱纱结构参数间几何关系能够很好地反映实际情况.     

三维针织/机织聚氨酯基复合材料的力学性能

为解决间隔织物增强复合材料存在强度低、抗压性差的问题，选用经编间隔织物和玻璃纤维机织物作为增强体，聚氨酯泡沫作为基体，制备系列三维针织/机织聚氨酯基复合材料，并测试材料的拉伸、弯曲和压缩性能。结果表明：将经编间隔织物/玻璃纤维机织物以三维夹芯结构形式嵌入复合材料中，能够提高间隔织物增强复合材料的拉伸性能和压缩性能；在表面组织结构相同的情况下，经编间隔织物厚度大的三维针织/机织聚氨酯基复合材料的力学性能较好；在织物厚度相同的情况下，填充大六角形网孔的间隔织物的复合材料具有较好的力学性能。     

经编间隔织物粘弹性与隔冲性能关系研究

选用冲击防护常用的经编间隔织物作为试验材料,研究材料粘弹性与其隔冲性能的关系。搭建了阻尼测试平台以测定不同规格的经编间隔织物阻尼比、压缩弹性模量和不同冲击速度下的冲击剩余载荷。试验结果表明,经编间隔织物的粘性或弹性作为单项指标与隔冲性能不存在明确的关系,提出粘弹比可以表征材料粘弹性与隔冲性能关系,在一定实验范围内,合适的粘弹比可获得较好的隔冲性能。     

经编间隔织物结构参数对振动性能的影响

采用敲击法和模拟地面随机振动法对坐垫用经编间隔织物实施振动力学性能测量,分析其阻尼比、固有频率和刚度等振动特征值,并讨论该3个振动特征值与经编间隔织物结构参数之间的关系.通过敲击法和模拟地面随机振动法对试样施加激励,由两个加速度计对输入和输出的加速度信号进行测量,获得加速度-时间曲线,计算试样的阻尼比、固有频率和刚度.对试样振动传递性能的分析,可用于指导和改进经编间隔织物的结构设计,满足人们对坐垫舒适性的要求.     

经编间隔织物的结构与性能

介绍了经编间隔织物的三维结构，分析了该织物结构和原料选用对间隔织物性能的影响，着重分析了织物抗压性能的影响因素．在对其结构研究和分析的基础上，发现经编间隔织物具有优良的抗压弹性、透气性、导湿性和吸音性．对经编间隔织物的新品开发具有积极的指导意义，     

Pressure Reduction of Spacer Fabrics

The properties of the warp knitted spacer fabrics for pressure reduction are experimentally investigated and compared to other materials.The influences of the different parameters, such as thickness, spacer yarn diameter and connecting form are also analyzed and discussed. The results have shown that the spacer fabrics have very good properties for pressure reduction when they are used as soles, mattress or cushions.     

Analysis of the Appearance Diameter of Yarns in Worsted Fabrics

Three-dimensional Rotational Microscopy was used to take the photos of the fabrics. Three categories of yarn appearance diameters in the worsted fabrics were discussed. The fabrics were grouped into two to explore the relationships between yam appearance diameters at the interlacing points, opening points, and the calculated yam diameters. The correlations between the appearance diameters and fabric parameters were given, and the results showed that the calculated yam diameter and warp cover factor had a very big influence on yam appearance diameter. The equations expressing the relationship between yam appearance diameters and fabric parameters are established using step-regression method. The validation of the equations for one type of fabrics shows a good accuracy with the average error below 9% except the weft fdaments exceeding 22%.     

毛涤Sirofil成纱起毛机理的探讨

Sirofil纱线的起毛问题一直是困扰毛纺行业的一大难题，特别是混入PET短纤后问题更加突出。Sirofil纱线起毛后，纤维之间发生缠结起球，使织造时开口不清，不仅影响织造效率，且易形成毛粒，布满布面，不易脱落。这里分析了Sirofil纱线的起毛问题，尤其是纱线中混入PET短纤后的情况，认为PET短纤的物理性能会影响到Sirofil纱线结构，并以此为依据，保持工艺参数不变，改变纱线中PET短纤含量，试纺Sirofil纱，通过理论分析和实验比较PET短纤对Sirofil纱线抗起毛性能的影响。结果表明，合理选择PET短纤维可以降低毛涤Sirofil纱线的起毛问题。     

三维间隔纬编复合材料中连接纱的作用分析

为了探究三维间隔纬编织物中连接纱对其增强复合材料性能的影响,以玻璃纤维为原料,在自主开发的新型三维间隔纬编针织机上通过喂入与不喂入连接纱,制得有无连接纱的两种增强体,利用真空辅助转移模塑工艺VARTM(Vacuum Assistant Resin Transferring Molding)加工成复合材料.对这两种复合材料进行了三点弯曲和霍普金森(Hopkinson)压杆冲击测试.实验表明,连接纱明显地提高了复合材料的抗弯曲性能和抗冲击性能.     

乌拉圭羊毛理化性能及其可纺性的研究

着重研究乌拉圭细羊毛和半细羊毛在化学组成、形态结构、纺纱工艺性能和染色性能等方面的特点，并与相当细度的美利奴羊毛有关性能相对比．分析了ＭＩＣ２２．６、ＭＩＣ２６．８、ＭＩＣ２８．８三种毛条的纤维长度和细度分布特性，制定出可纺纱支的纱线规格和相应的加工工艺路线．结果表明，乌拉圭羊毛表面鳞片密度低并紧贴毛干，使羊毛明亮光泽；乌拉圭羊毛强力大，初始模量高，卷曲弹性率较低，表面光滑，摩擦系数小；乌拉圭羊毛含有较少的自由氨基，上染比较缓慢．根据其特性，作者认为乌拉圭羊毛加工过程中需特别注意和毛油剂种类的选择，同时宜采用较低的单纱和股线捻系数，设计色泽鲜艳、要求保形性能好的产品．     

精纺毛型织物中纱线表观直径探讨

讨论了精纺毛型织物中纱线表观直径3种分布状态，将织物分为两大类，分析经纬纱交织点处和孔隙处表观直径之间与理论直径之间的关系；给出了表观直径与织物结构参数间的关系；利用多元统计分析方法建立了表观直径与织物结构参数之间的关系方程，验证结果表明：除纬向化纤长丝对方程有较大的误差平均误差率大于23％之外，方程对其范围内的织物平均误差控制在10%以内。     

Mechanical Properties of Weft-Knitted Spacer Fabrics Integrated with Silica Aerogels

The work investigated surface and mechanical properties of untreated and treated three-layered weftknitted spacer fabrics.In order to optimize the mechanical properties of weft-knitted spacer fabrics,silica aerogels(SAs) coating was employed.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images of untreated and treated spacer fabrics were analyzed to ensure the presence of SAs on the coated spacer fabrics.The basic properties of uncoated and coated weftknitted spacer fabrics were studied and compared.Tensile strength and initial modulus were studied according to the GB/T3923 test standard YG026 MB-250 by testing machine.Moreover,compression properties of spacer fabrics were also tested by HD026 G test instrument.In this testing,work of compression,the linearity of compression,recovery work of compression and other parameters were calculated from stress and strain curves.It was found that SAs coating has a significant influence on the mechanical properties of weftknitted spacer fabrics.The statistical analysis also verified the significant performance(P value smaller than 0.05) of treated fabric samples at the 0.05 level.     

搅拌槽内流体作用力下搅拌桨叶的应力计算

文中利用搅拌槽流场模拟的数据,结合有限元分析软件ANSYS,对翼形CBY搅拌桨进行了应力分析.文中采用了一种插值方法,实现了从流场数据到有限元模型载荷的数据交换,并对一个实验搅拌桨进行了应力分析,其分布规律与参考文献的实验测量值一致。     

随机风场下紧凑型线路非同期摇摆仿真分析

基于FLUENT软件分析了迎风相导线对背风相导线的风压屏蔽作用,获得了迎风相和背风相导线各子导线的风阻系数。利用ABAQUS建立了500 kV紧凑型线路的单档有限元模型,模拟了随机风场下导线的非同期摇摆过程,研究了紧凑型线路的非同期摇摆特性及相间最小距离。研究结果表明,水平布置的两相导线易在非同期摇摆时出现相间距离过小问题,且相间最小距离主要出现在导线弧垂最低点附近。根据研究结果提出了基于相间间隔棒的不同布置及相间-相地间隔棒混合布置的紧凑型线路非同期摇摆防治措施,并对提出的各方案进行了防治效果评估,给出了紧凑型线路风偏/非同期摇摆防治建议。     

A new model for the grid size optimization of the finite element method --Based on its application to the water quality modeling of the topographically complicated river

The finite element method is one of the typical methods that are used for numerical water quality modeling of the topographically complicated river. In this paper, based on the principle of probability theory the probability density of pollutants is introduced. A new model for the grid size optimization based on the finite element method is developed with the incorporation of the maximum information entropy theory when the length of the grid is given. Combined with the experiential evaluation approach of the flow discharge per unit river width, this model can be used to determine the grid size of the finite element method applied to water quality modeling of the topographically complicated river when the velocity field of the river is not given. The calculating results of the application of the model to an ideal river testified the correctness of the model. In a practical case-the application of the model to the Xingjian River (the Hengyang section of the Xiangjiang River), the optimized width of the grid of the finite element method was gained and the influence of parameters was studied, which demonstrated that the model reflected the real situation of the pollutants in the river, and that the model had many excellent characteristics such as stabilization, credibility and high applicability in practical applications.