改性木屑吸附除油性能研究

为提高吸油量、降低吸水量、减少溶出,对天然木屑进行了改性,得到了一种新的除油吸附剂。对该吸附剂的吸油、吸水及溶出性能进行了测定,并实验获得了除油最佳条件。结果表明与天然木屑相比,改性后的吸附剂吸油效果提升显著,在相同油浓度下的吸油量提高了100%以上,吸水量降低了20%~30%,溶出量降低了95.5%,吸附剂的溶出基本不对处理水产生影响;该吸附剂处理高浓度和低浓度含油污水的最佳投加量分别为5g/L和1g/L;粒径对改性木屑吸水吸油性能基本无影响,改性木屑对油的吸附选择性系数达到300~6000,有利于油的吸附。     

木棉针刺吸油材料的预处理工艺

为去除木棉纤维中的木质素等杂质,进一步提高木棉吸油材料的改性处理,选用亚氯酸钠(NaClO_2)对木棉针刺吸油材料进行改性前的预处理.通过改变NaClO_2体积分数、温度、时间等工艺参数,探究各因素对预处理效果的影响.结果表明,预处理后木棉纤维表面粗糙度提高,木质素等杂质被明显去除.当NaClO_2体积分数为0.4%,反应温度70℃,反应时间1h,溶液pH值为4.5时,木棉针刺吸油材料的吸油倍数为20.9,饱和吸油量为9.77g,保油率93.5%.有利于吸油材料的进一步改性.     

高铝浇注料高温耐磨性影响因素的研究

利用新研制的高温耐磨实验设备,以高铝浇注料为原料,研究了水泥加入量(3%、6%、9%)、热处理温度(600、1 000、1 200 ℃)和临界粒度(5、8、15 mm)对材料高温耐磨性的影响.结果表明,随着水泥含量的增加,试样的磨损体积在常温和1 000 ℃下逐渐减小,1 200 ℃时略有增大.采用ρ-Al2O3微粉代替铝酸钙水泥作结合剂,两者的耐磨性在各试验温度下差别不大. 试样经不同温度热处理后,其磨损量随着试验温度的变化趋势是相似的,即磨损量随着试验温度的升高而降低;经600、1 000 ℃处理后的试样,各试验温度下其磨损量均较小,但经1 200 ℃处理后的试样,其磨损量稍大一些.温度为1 000 ℃时,浇注料的磨损量随着临界粒度的增大而降低;1 200 ℃时,浇注料磨损量随着临界粒度的增大变化不大.     

轮胎原料胶体的热解特性研究

提出热解可以作为废旧轮胎资源化处理的重要途径,选择轮胎原料胶体为对象,对其进行热重实验和固定床热解实验.结果表明:样品的失重温度区间在200~500℃之间,总失重率约为66%.热解实验发现,热解气主要由甲烷、氢气和二氧化碳组成;热解油的主要组成为单环芳香烃苯系物和含量高达19.77%的D-柠檬烯等较高价值的化合物.     

柚子内皮热解改性及其吸油性能研究

以柚子内皮为原料,采用热解制备吸油材料,研究了材料的化学结构和微观形貌,考察了不同温度下热解柚子内皮对机油、橄榄油和菜籽油的吸油性能﹒研究表明,随着温度不断升高,柚子内皮中的半纤维素、纤维素和木质素相继热解,微孔得到增大,但在500℃下热解微孔将坍塌;对于3种油品,400℃下处理3 h时内皮颗粒的吸油倍率最高,若再延长改性时间和升高温度均会降低吸油倍率;在循环使用10次后,未热解处理和400℃下处理5 h的内皮颗粒对机油、橄榄油和菜籽油的吸油倍率分别降低了43.04%、42.11%、33.05%以及41.36%、34.92%、28.54%,热解改性提高了内皮颗粒的循环使用能力﹒     

玉米秸秆颗粒燃料热解气化试验研究

以玉米秸秆颗粒燃料为原料,研究了生物质空气热解气化(下吸式固定床气化炉)、富氧热解气化(鼓泡式流化床气化炉)和无氧热解气化(慢速连续热解气化炉)的热解气化特性.三种热解气化装置并联,共用一个控制系统,产生的生物质燃气经过冷凝器等后进入储气柜.燃气成分由气相色谱分析,成型颗粒、颗粒炭、生物油热值采用快速量热仪测量分析.结果显示,空气热解气化在热解温度为660~670℃时燃气低热值最高,约为3.91~4.44MJ/Nm3;富氧热解气化燃气低热值最高可达8.48~9.38MJ/Nm3(热解气化温度为575~750℃时);无氧热解气化在热解温度为380~530℃时的燃气低热值约为14.51~16.49MJ/Nm3,并可联产生物炭、生物油等.     

小麦秸秆热解生物油主要成分分析与残炭表征

以小麦秸杆为原料,利用自制的固定床式热解反应器,在400℃、450℃、500℃和550℃四种热解温度下进行了热解液化试验.采用气质联用仪定性方法测定了四种热裂解温度下制取生物油主要化学组分,利用电子扫描电镜对小麦秸秆和残炭进行了形态表征.结果表明:不同裂解温度制得的生物油成分大致相同,主要由醛类、酮类、苯酚类、醇类和有机酸类化合物组成.热裂解温度对生物油的主要化合物相对含量有一定的影响,但不显著.随着热解温度升高,乙酸相对含量减少,而糠醛和大多数酚类化合物相对含量增加;残炭表面产生的裂缝越大,结构更加松散,且有热解碳粒子沉淀其中.     

精梳落棉非织造吸油材料的制备及性能

以精梳落棉纤维为吸油主体,三维卷曲涤纶为骨架构造,ES纤维作为黏结成分,分别通过梳理成网和气流成网方式制备不同结构的纤维网,并进行热风黏合加固,表面喷洒硅油,制备精梳落棉非织造吸油材料.通过正交试验的方法探索原料混比、硅油用量对吸油材料吸油性能的影响.结果显示,成网方式和纤维配比对材料吸油性能有显著影响,在气流成网方式下,当棉/涤纶混比为80/20、ES纤维含量为10%、硅油含量为15%时,材料的吸油倍率、保油率和吸水率达到最优值.     

两段式固定床芦竹催化热解实验研究

作为一种产量巨大的生物质原料,芦竹热解制取生物油的研究较少.为了探讨其作为热解原料的可行性以及得到高品质的生物油,以HZSM-5为催化剂在两段式固定床反应系统中进行了芦竹催化热解实验,研究了热解温度、催化温度和催化剂床层高度对热解产物分布以及对气体和液体组分的影响.结果表明:热解温度为500,℃时,液体产率达到最大值49.53%,;在催化剂的作用下,液体产物产率明显下降,液体产物中的酸类、醛类、酯类、酮类等含氧物质的含量有所降低,但轻质酚类和芳香烃等物质的含量明显增加.综合催化温度和催化剂床层高度的分析结果来看,催化温度为500,℃、催化剂床层高度为10,cm时,HZSM-5对油相品质的提高效果较为显著.     

Preparation of A1203 Powders by Spray Pyrolysis Deposition

以AlCl3.6H2O为原料,采用喷雾热解法制备了纯度较高的Al2O3粉末,并利用XRD,SEM技术和比表面积分析仪研究了Al2O3粉末的物相组成、微观形貌及比表面积.热力学计算和DSC-TGA分析分别表明：在800~2 200 K温度范围内,热解主反应可以发生,提高温度更有利于反应发生;氯化铝热解适宜的温度为800℃.实验结果表明：喷雾热解最优条件是热解温度为750~850℃,AlCl3溶液质量分数为15%,热解时间为20 min.热解产物Al2O3粉末满足电解铝要求.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.