基于多特征和Ranking SVM的微博新闻自动摘要研究

提出了面向微博应用的新闻文本自动摘要研究方法.利用互信息对新闻文本中词语和句子之间的语义特征进行计算,根据其关联度对句子进行主题划分,赋予主题句较高的权重,同时从文本中抽取多种组合特征,利用Ranking SVM对句子进行排序,从而得到自动摘要.在NLPCC2015面向微博中文新闻自动摘要评测数据集上进行对比实验,取得了良好效果,证明该方法的有效性.     

基于事件时序关系的自动摘要抽取

由于文本中事件之间的时序关系可以帮助人们更好地理解文本内容,故针对新闻报道类文本,将事件作为其基本语义单元,并根据时序关系建立事件有向网络文本表示模型;利用PageRank算法结合主题相关度对时序网络进行节点重要度计算及调整;最后,按照重要度以及事件发生的顺序进行排序,并按照一定的压缩比提取摘要句,删除冗余的句子,将事件对应的原语句作为摘要。实验结果表明,基于事件时序关系的自动摘要方法效果较好。     

词句协同排序的自动摘要算法

为了提高自动摘要的质量,研究了基于图模型的词句协同排序的自动摘要算法技术.自动摘要试图从原始文本中提取一定数量的重要句子形成节录式摘要,句排序是实现自动摘要的典型手段,已有工作大多通过构建词或句关联网络,再使用PageRank计算节点排序分值,该算法考虑词与句之间的互影响,提出词句协同排序的自动摘要算法,在句关联网络上融入词对句子排序分值的影响,而词的重要性由包含其句子的排序分值所决定.在句排序结果基础上,提出基于冗余度的句选择方法,以进一步提升自动摘要质量.在10篇中文文档上的试验结果表明,较之于单纯的句排序方法,所提出方法能有效提升自动摘要的准确率和召回率.     

文本自动摘要提取算法

摘要是对文本内容的概括,在信息检索中起着重要的作用,提出一种文本自动摘要提取算法：按照词语权重提取出能表征文本主要内容的特征词,根据句子的物理信息以及句子中包含的特征词情况计算出句子的权重,按照句子权重大小等提取出候选摘要句.     

基于潜在语义索引的文本摘要方法

因特网上的在线文本自动编制摘要可以帮助用户有选择地阅读。给出了基于潜在语义索引的文本摘要方法。它采用向量空间模型作文本表示方法,利用潜在语义索引来减少词汇间的“斜交”现象,在语义空间进行项、句子、段落与文本之间的相似度计算,而不是单纯地依赖于特征项的频率信息。依据对于文本主题的表现能力来确定摘要的各个组成部分及其组成方式,此外,给出了文本摘要的评估方法。     

融合句义特征的多文档自动摘要算法研究

多文档自动摘要研究是自然语言处理领域的关键问题之一,为使抽取的摘要更能体现多文档主题,本文在子主题划分的基础上,提出了一种融合句义特征的句子优化选择方法.该方法基于句义结构模型,提取句义结构中的话题、谓词等特征,并融合统计特征构造特征向量计算句子权重,最后采用综合加权选取法和最大边缘相关相结合的方法抽取摘要.选取不同主题的文本集进行实验和评价,在摘要压缩比为15%情况下,系统摘要平均准确率达到66.7%,平均召回率达到65.5%.实验结果表明句义特征的引入可以有效提升多文档摘要的效果.      

利用分割技术提高对话文本自动摘要的一致性

针对传统的基于抽取的自动摘要方法不能很好地处理对话文本一致性的问题,提出了对话文本自动摘要中的体裁、问题-回答对识别等关键技术.设计了一种类似于TextTiling的文本分割方法对候选的回答段落进行分割,以便提高问题-回答对的关联精度.实验结果表明,利用问题-回答对的关联信息能够提高对话文本自动摘要的整体一致性.     

基于图的新闻事件主题句抽取方法

新闻事件主题句识别任务是一项基于文本内容进行语义分析的自然语言处理技术。为准确计算新闻事件文本中与新闻主题语义最相关的句子,提出一种基于图的新闻事件主题句抽取方法。首先利用描述事件特征的触发词及命名实体构建候选新闻事件句子抽取模板,然后,计算候选事件句之间的关联关系构建事件关系无向图,最后基于TextRank算法思想将图中任意顶点的权值表征为与其有关联的顶点权值的加权和,并按权值进行排序实现事件主题句抽取。实验结果表明,提出的方法优于基于TFIDF和基于标题的事件主题句抽取方法,F值分别提升了6.26%和2%。     

基于自适应聚类的文本潜在主题的自动发现

提出了一种自适应于不同题材文本自动确定其包含的潜在主题数K的方法.考虑到大多数文本的潜在主题分布符合段落密度特性,提出以段落为中心的研究策略,通过采用基于K均值的聚类算法联同自定义判别函数的聚类分析方法,实现了段落自适应聚类下的文本潜在主题的自动发现.实验结果表明,该方法在一定程度上能有效处理普遍存在的文风自由且主题表达灵活多样的各式文本.     

基于词典与规则的新闻文本情感倾向性分析

通过对新闻类文体的结构分析,将新闻文体按段落划分,采用一种基于情感词典和语义规则相结合的情感关键句抽取方法,对段落内的句子进行情感分析。综合考虑情感、转折、否定、程度和归总等词语信息构建情感词典,根据规则切割新闻文本,将新闻划分为意群、句子、段落以及篇章,通过制定的规则计算情感关键句倾向值,最终获得段落以及整个篇章的情感倾向值,从而得出新闻的情感倾向。与情感词典和SVM情感分类方法的实验结果对比表明,本文方法在对新闻文本进行倾向判别时效果较好,方法具可行性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to