红外焦平面CTIA型读出电路的设计研究

为了适应红外焦平面(IRFPA)高像素的趋势,设计出面积更小、性能更优的像元电路,选择电容反馈跨阻放大器(CTIA)作为像元电路的电路结构,在CTIA中运算放大器基于共源共栅结构,采用积分电容可选的模式来调整积分时间,并基于电路高像素的需求,优化电路,减小面积.在此基础上,搭建模拟信号通路进行仿真研究,绘制版图,并进行后仿,为读出电路的正确性、可靠性提供保障.优化后的像元电路面积为18μm×18μm,可选积分电容分别为60 fF和400 fF,后仿得到的信号通路输出摆幅常温下为2.03 V,低温下为1.52 V,且低温下的积分噪声为213.6μV,满足设计需求.     

基于硅带隙能量的1.2V基准电压源设计

基于0.35μm CSMC(central semiconductor manufacturing corporation)工艺设计,并流片了一款典型的带隙基准电压源芯片,可输出不随温度变化的高精度基准电压。电路包括核心电路、运算放大器和启动电路。芯片在3.3V供电电压,-40~80℃的温度范围内进行测试,结果显示输出电压波动范围为1.212 8~1.217 5V,温度系数为3.22×10-5/℃。电路的版图面积为135μm×236μm,芯片大小为1mm×1mm。     

用于FPGA快速重构的配置电路

提出了一种适于FPGA芯片的快速重构配置电路,并在FDP2009Ⅱ-SOPCFPGA芯片里设计实现.其主要特点为:配置电路使芯片最小配置单元由Xilinx的Spartan和Virtex系列芯片的一帧变为32 bit,减少了重配置传送的配置数据,缩短了芯片重构时间.FDP2009-Ⅱ-SOPC FPGA采用SMIC0.13μm一层多晶八层金属工艺设计,芯片总面积为4.5 mm×6.3 mm,配置电路面积为1.7 mm~2.版图后仿真结果表明,配置电路能够正确的完成数据重配置功能,芯片重构时间是Xilinx公司的Virtex系列相同规模FPGA芯片的34%左右.     

方柱微结构芯片射流冲击流动沸腾换热实验研究

对喷射条件下的电子芯片在FC-72中的流动沸腾换热进行了研究,并和同工况下的光滑芯片作了对比.实验选取的工况如下:过冷度为25、35℃;横流速度Vc为0.5、1、1.5m/s;喷射速度Vj为0、1、2m/s.实验采用的硅片尺寸为10mm×10mm×0.5mm,通过干腐蚀技术在其表面加工出30μm×120μm、50μm×120μm的方柱微结构.实验表明,所有芯片的换热性能都随过冷度和流速的增加而提高,方柱微结构能明显地强化芯片换热,而射流冲击进一步提高了芯片在高热流密度下的换热性能.同一横流速度下,喷射速度越大,换热性能越好,尤其是Vc=0.5m/s、Vj=2m/s时,强化效果最显著.随着横流速度的增加,射流冲击的强化效果减弱,临界热流密度值增幅减小.     

一种基于延时线的全数字脉冲式超宽带发射机

本文设计了一款应用于无线体域网的全数字超宽带脉冲发射机.采用开环工作的延时线得到不同的延时信号,再由边沿合成器将多路延时信号合成为具有较高中心频率的短时方波脉冲信号,该短时方波脉冲信号经过输出驱动模块及带通滤波电路整形成为超宽带脉冲信号.芯片采用中芯国际0.13μm RF CMOS实现,面积为1 118μm×873μm.测试结果表明,发射机输出脉冲信号的最大幅度为220mV,信号-10dB带宽可在0.9~1.5GHz之间调节,脉冲信号中心频率在3.2~4.4GHz范围内可配置,当脉冲重复速率为15Mb/s、信号带宽为0.9GHz,输出信号设置为最大幅度时,芯片功耗为0.9mW.     

科技简讯

CI1003人工耳蜗ASIC芯片在清华大学研制成功中国约有250万以上的全聋患者,靠普通的助听器无法听到任何声音,只有采用人工耳蜗才有可能恢复听力。清华大学微电子学研究所于1996年开始人工耳蜗ASIC芯片的研制工作,经过多年不懈的努力,终于自主研发成功CI1003人工耳蜗专用集成电路,能够完成电源恢复、数据传输和刺激脉冲形成等功能。CI1003芯片采用1.2μm双层金属布线N阱CMOS工艺制造,芯片面积为3.56mm×3.67mm,最高载波频率为10MHz,在500kHz工作频率下,工作电流为0.2mA,可以输出15kHz的刺激脉冲。CI1003人工耳蜗专用芯片具有4种刺…     

1.5 GHz Serdes低抖动锁相环的设计

设计并实现了一种应用于1.5GHz Serdes高速接口系统的低抖动锁相环。出于应用考虑,设计的重点是降低抖动,根据锁相环的系统特点、噪声特性以及物理实现时的种种外部干扰因素的影响,分别提出了系统级设计、电路设计以及版图设计上的减小噪声、降低抖动的方法。电荷泵锁相环采用0.18μm 1P4M互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)混合信号工艺制造,芯片面积为700μm×320μm。仿真结果表明,电路中心频率为1.5GHz,锁定时间小于5μs,偏离中心频率1MHz处的相位噪声为-95.39dBc/Hz,RMS jitter为3.6ps,总功耗为6mW。     

新型低功耗QSBDI红外读出电路设计

提出了一种新型红外读出电路的像素结构--四像素共用BDI结构(Quad-Share Buffered Direct-Injection: QSBDI).在这种电路结构中,4个相邻的像素共用一个反馈放大器.在开关的控制下,像素可以实现积分然后读出(ITR)和积分同时读出(IWR)功能.在30 μm×30 μm的像素面积中,实现了略大于0.9 pF的电容和4.2 pC的电荷存储能力,平均功耗只有500 nW.在实现低功耗的同时,该结构使像素级的固定模式噪声(FPN)只来源于局部的失配,与整个像素阵列的失配无关,从而使得这种像素结构非常适用于大规模2-D 读出电路(Readout IC:ROIC).后续的版图设计以及后仿真也表明这种像素结构是一种非常实用的像素结构.基于该结构的128×128的测试芯片已经设计完成,将在0.5 μm工艺下进行流片测试.     

视觉假体中微电流刺激驱动电路设计

本研究针对视神经假体的参数需求设计了电极驱动电路,采用电荷平衡的双向电流作用于微电极来刺激视神经以产生视觉感受。基于TSMC 0.35μm BCD工艺,使用HSPICE软件对设计的电路模块进行了仿真,使用Modelsim和FPGA对设计的数字控制电路进行了仿真及验证。结果表明,所设计电路可以产生64通道的双向刺激电流,电流大小0～1 022μA,分512级可调,脉冲持续时间0～400μs。     

千兆以太网卡芯片数模转换电路的设计与实现

给出了6bit分辨率、10bit精度的千兆以太网卡芯片数模转换电路,包括体系结构设计、电路设计与仿真、版图设计．该数模转换电路经过TSMC 0．13μm 1P8M CMOS工艺验证,工作电压为1．5V／2．7V．芯片测试结果表明该数模转换电路能够满足千兆以太网卡芯片的性能要求．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with