基于ReliefF算法与偏最小二乘方法的鸽子转向运动解码

针对微电极阵列记录的局部场电位(LFP)信号包含大量的噪声和冗余信息,而且信号特征维数高,从而影响解码正确率的问题,结合Relief F算法与偏最小二乘(PLS)方法,解码了动物的转向运动行为。设计了鸽子的十字迷宫目标导向实验,采集鸽子弓状皮质尾外侧(NCL)LFP神经信号,提取信号的特征,利用Relief F算法对各个特征赋予相应的权重值,根据权重阈值选取合适的特征构成特征子集;并用PLS对特征子集提取主成分,最后用支持向量机(SVM)进行解码,并将解码结果与单独使用Relief F算法和PLS算法比较。结果:LFP信号经Relief F-PLS特征提取后,五组鸽子实测数据的解码正确率分别达到95.00%、80.00%、95.00%、92.50%、85.71%,高于单独用Relief F或PLS算法的解码正确率,而且所提取的特征数更少。说明Relief F-PLS方法结合了Relief F和PLS的优点,提高了解码正确率;而且提取的特征数更少,有效地去除原始特征中的干扰特征和冗余特征,验证了该算法的有效性,为相关研究探索了一条新路径。     

基于MPGA的混合特征选择算法在驾驶压力检测中的应用

针对多源生理信号应用于驾驶压力检测中存在信号种类多、特征维数高以及运算效率低的问题,提出了一种结合特征选择(ReliefF)算法、最大相关最小冗余(MRMR)算法和多种群遗传算法(MPGA)的混合特征选择算法。首先利用ReliefF算法计算特征信号的权重值,初选出对分类效果影响显著的特征子集;然后利用MRMR算法去掉冗余的特征,进一步精简特征子集;在此基础上采用MPGA挑选出效果最佳的特征子集。将该算法应用于驾驶压力检测,并与其他类似算法进行了对比。实验结果表明,该算法有效地消除了高维特征中的冗余信息,提高了特征选择阶段的运算效率且达到了很好的分类效果。     

基于ReliefF和聚类的特征选择方法及其在无线电信号识别中的应用

无线电信号识别在无线电监测中占有重要地位,为了提高信号识别率,针对C波段信号特征数据的特点,提出一种基于ReliefF和聚类的特征选择方法.该算法首先用ReliefF算法去除与分类不相关的特征,再对余下的特征根据相关度强弱进行特征聚类,最后根据特征权重大小和相关度强弱删除冗余特征,选出代表性特征.实验结果表明,该算法有效地减少了数据维数,并且提高了信号识别率.     

基于ReliefF算法与遗传算法的肌电信号特征选择

针对肌电信号特征维数高、运算效率低等问题,提出了一种基于ReliefF算法与遗传算法(GA)相结合的肌电信号特征选择方法.分析了肌电信号的特征,运用小波分析对肌电信号进行特征提取,采用ReliefF算法评估所提取的高维特征信号的权值,以选出对分类效果影响显著(权值较大)的特征子集,采用GA进一步筛选出分类效果最佳的特征子集,并对比分析了基于ReliefFGA-Wrapper算法与全局搜索算法对肌电信号处理的时间和分类效果.结果表明,所提出的方法能够提高运算效率并具有很好的分类效果.     

基于归一化互信息的FCBF特征选择算法

针对高维数据中不相关特征、冗余特征等导致的分类任务计算量大、分类正确率低等问题,提出了一种基于归一化互信息的相关性快速过滤特征选择(FCBF-NMI)算法.该算法采用归一化互信息代替对称不确定性作为FCBF算法的相关性评价标准,进行特征与类别、特征与特征的相关性分析,删除不相关特征及冗余特征以获得最优特征子集.实验结果表明:FCBF-NMI算法得到的最优特征子集更合理,平均分类正确率为89.68%,所用时间平均低至2.64s.     

时变自回归模型在清醒大鼠局部场电位特征分析中的应用

同步和去同步状态是清醒大鼠脑活动的两种典型状态,分析不同状态下局部场电位(LFP)的时频特性差异是提取刺激响应特征的基础。针对LFP信号的非平稳特性,采用时变自回归(TVAR)算法建立LFP状态空间模型;并利用卡尔曼滤波迭代方法对模型系数进行动态更新。然后基于TVAR系数计算LFP的功率谱,对不同状态的LFP信号进行时频特性分析。研究结果表明,利用TVAR模型结合卡尔曼滤波算法获得的时频功率谱与基于短时傅里叶变换方法的结果相比,具有更高的时频分辨率,而且通过对LFP的时频分析可以有效捕捉大脑活动状态的动态变化,对于大脑功能机制的解析具有重要意义。     

ReliefF算法在雷达辐射源信号识别中的应用

采用小波包变换提取雷达辐射源信号特征能够有效对信号进行识别,然而,由小波包变换提取的信号特征维数高,部分信号特征受噪声污染严重.基于此,采用ReliefF算法对信号特征的分类能力进行评价,选择出小波包中分类能力强的信号特征,再通过特征相关度算法去除分类能力相近的冗余特征,利用剩余的分类能力强的信号特征组成特征向量进行分类.仿真实验结果显示,该方法用较少的信号特征能够获得较高的正确识别率.     

利用近似马尔科夫毯的最大相关最小冗余特征选择算法

针对高维数据集中冗余特征或无关特征降低机器学习模型分类准确率的问题,提出了一种基于近似马尔科夫毯的特征选择(nmRMR)算法。该算法首先利用最大相关最小冗余的准则进行特征相关性排序;采用近似马尔科夫毯算法对冗余特征或者无关特征进行删除,并最大程度地提高特征之间的相关性从而获得最优特征子集。在UCI的8个公开数据集上对比的实验结果表明:与mRMR算法相比,本文算法所选择出的特征子集数平均减少了6.875个,平均分类准确率提高了0.78%;与FullSet算法相比,本文算法所选择出的特征子集数平均减少了20.56个,平均分类准确率提高了1.88%;与FCBF算法相比,本文算法所选择出的特征子集数平均减少了3.187 5个,平均分类准确率提高了0.825%;本文算法总体优于其他算法。     

基于FPCA和ReliefF算法的图像特征降维

针对传统图像特征降维方法计算量大、 无法去除冗余信息、 未考虑相关性等缺陷, 提出一种结合快速主成分分析(FPCA)和ReliefF算法的图像特征降维方法. 该方法先利用FPCA[KG*6]算法对样本数据进行初次降维, 去除样本中的冗余信息;  再利用ReliefF算法计算样本特征的分类权重, 根据权重对特征进行组合优化. 在算法实现过程中, 采用递归排除策略, 进一步提升了算法特征寻优能力. 仿真实验表明, 利用本文算法优选出的图像特征, 可较好地提高聚类结果, 适合实际工程的应用.     

基于ReliefF和最大相关最小冗余的多标记特征选择

针对现有的特征选择模型未涉及特征和标记集之间的相关度，造成分类精度偏低等情况，提出了基于ReliefF和最大相关最小冗余(maximum Relevance and Minimum Redundancy, mRMR)的多标记特征选择.首先，运用互信息计算每个标记和标记集之间的相关度，使用每项相关度占其相关度之和的比例设计了标记权重，由此构建了特征和标记集间的相关度，初选与标记集相关度高的特征；其次，计算对象在特征上的距离，构建了新的特征权值更新公式，基于标记权重改进多标记ReliefF模型.然后，基于互信息和标记权重构建了最大相关性，设计了最小冗余性及其新的最大相关最小冗余评价准则，并将其应用于多标记特征选择，进一步剔除冗余特征；最后，设计了一种基于ReliefF和最大相关最小冗余的多标记特征选择算法，有效提高了多标记分类性能.在8个多标记数据集上测试所提算法的平均分类精度、覆盖率、汉明损失、1错误率和排序损失，实验结果证明了该算法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.