电子-声子相互作用对压电表面态的影响

采用LLP中间耦合方法，研究了电子—声子相互作用对压电表面的影响．结果表明，当电子接近晶体表面处时，表面声学声子之间的相互作用对表面态的影响很大．尤其是电子—压电声子耦合较强的化合物，压电声子对电子在表面的束缚比光学声子的束缚强很多．因此，研究压电材料的电子表面态时，应主要考虑压电声学声子．     

声学形变势表面极化子的性质研究进展

综述了近年来对声学形变势表面极化子的性质方面的部分工作。在第一节中从表面电子—表面光学(SO)声子和电子—表面声学(SA)声子系的哈密顿量出发，用线性组合算符和么正变换法研究与S0和SA声子弱耦合的声学形变势表面极化子的有效哈密顿量、有效相互作用势和有效质量的性质。在第二节中研究了与S0声子耦合强与SA声子耦合弱的声学形变势表面极化子的振动频率，诱生势和有效质量的性质。在第三节中研究了与S0声子强耦合与SA声子弱耦合的声学形变势表面极化子的有效哈密顿量、振动频率和有效质量的温度效应。在第四节中计算了与SO声子耦合强与SA声子耦合弱的声学形变势表面极化子的声子平均数随坐标Z、振动频率λ和η的变化规律。在第五节中采用微扰法研究了声子之间相互作用对与SO声子强耦合与SA声子弱耦合的声学形变势表面极化子的有效哈密顿量、诱生势和有效质量的影响。     

极性晶体中声学形势表面极化子的温度依赖性

有些极性晶体，电子与表面光学声子（ＳＯ）耦合强，与表面声学声子（ＳＡ）耦合弱，本文采用线性组合算符方法，导出了极性晶体中声学形变势表面极化子的振动频率和有效哈密顿量，并对两种极限情况进行了讨论。     

在极性晶体中表面或交界面极化子的性质

不少极性晶体,电子与表面声学声子、体纵光学声子耦合弱,但与表面光学声子耦合强。本文同时考虑体纵光学声子、表面光学声子以表面声学声子的影响,研究这类极性晶体中的表面或交界面极化子的性质。采用线性组合算符和一种简单的么正变换,导出其有效哈密顿量和基态能量。     

半无限晶体中与声子普适耦合的表面电子

电子在半无限晶体内表面附近运动时,不仅受到表面光学声子和体纵光学声子的影响,而且还受表面声学声子的影响。本文同时考虑体纵光学声子、表面光学声子以及表面声学声子的影响,研究半无限晶体中与声子普适耦合的表面电子的性质。采用线性组合算符和拉格朗日乘子法,分别导出了在强、弱耦合情形下表面电子的有效哈密顿量,得到了强、弱耦合表面电子的重正化质量。     

有限温度下极性晶体中表面磁极化的有效质量

在磁场中有不少的极性晶体，电子和体纵光学声子的耦合弱，而与表面光学声子的耦合强。本文讨论电子和体纵光学声子耦合弱，与表面光学声子耦合强时温度对表面磁极化子的特性的影响，用改进的线性组合算符法研究表面磁极化子的振动频率和有效质量的温度依赖性。对AgCl晶体进行了数值计算，结果表明，极化子的振动频率和有效质量随温度的升高而减小。     

二维晶体中的声激子

本文采用Huybrechts研究极化子提出的线性组合算符方法,讨论了晶体中表面激子和表面声学声子的相互作用,导出了强、弱耦合下表面激子的有效哈密顿量。发现自陷能与电子和空穴的质量比和瑞利波速有关。     

二维晶体中的声激子

本文采用Huybrechts研究极化子提出的线性组合算符方法,讨论了晶体中表面激子和表面声学声子的相互作用,导出了强、弱耦合下表面激子的有效哈密顿量。发现自陷能与电子和空穴的质量比和瑞利波速有关。     

极性晶体中三维和二维声学极化子自陷的有效质量特征

运用Huybrechts方法研究了三维和二维声学极化子有效质量作为电子-声子耦合参量的函数的变化特征.对二维声学极化子的研究,采用了我们最近导出的电子-声学声子相互作用哈密顿量.结果表明:电子-声子耦合达到一定强度时声学极化子有效质量发生突变而使极化子自陷,声学极化子在二维系统中比三维条件下更容易自陷.     

纯二维晶体中表面极化子的光学声子平均数

研究了纯二维晶体中与光学声子相互作用的表面极化子的性质，采用幺正变换和线性组合算符法，导出了晶体中强、弱耦合电子周围光学声子的平均数．并与用改进的线性组合算符和拉格朗日乘子法所得结果相比较，并讨论之．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.