渤海湾盆地区新生代构造与油气的关系

渤海湾新生代盆地是在岩石圈裂陷作用过程中形成的，裂陷作用控制着盆地区构造样式和沉积样式的形成与演化，从而影响着烃源岩、储集层的发育与分布，并制约着生油岩成热度和生烃过程以及油气的运移、聚集和保存。主干断层角度较陡、拆离面较深的伸展凹陷发育良好的烃源岩。而构造样式从由平面式正断层控制的地堑或简单半地堑演变成为由铲式正断层或坡坪式正断层控制的复式半地堑，有利于油气圈闭的形成。     

甘肃西部中新元古代地层特征

甘肃西部长城纪到震旦纪地层,其岩石组合由碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩-火山岩→碳酸盐岩-碎屑岩→碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩→冰碛岩-碎屑岩、碳酸盐岩;沉积-构造环境由被动陆缘裂陷盆地→被动陆缘坳陷盆地;准活动型→活动型→稳定型。     

渤南凹陷构造演化与超压形成及演化过程的关系分析

盆地的构造演化通过构造活动、沉积体系控制了异常压力的发育,同时异常压力的存在对后期形成的断层有影响.本文通过双元孔隙度演化函数建模对渤南凹陷的古压力进行了恢复,研究表明,渤南凹陷的异常压力主要在裂陷期末开始发育,在坳陷期达到最大.同时由于异常压力的存在引起了流体压裂,对南部缓坡带盆倾断层的形成具有诱导作用.     

二连盆地白音昆地凹陷石油地质特征研究

白音昆地凹陷属于早侏罗世中期-早白垩世叠合断陷,发育经历了初始裂陷期、强烈断陷期、萎缩期。该区含有三套烃源岩,烃源岩厚度较大。通过对构造、储层等特征的分析,指出该地区构造、储层发育,生储盖配置良好,易形成自生自储的原生油气藏。初步探索白垩系腾格尔组、阿尔善组原生油气藏勘探领域。由于凹陷的构造、沉积演化与二连盆地区域的历史一致,抬升和沉降时期相同,又处于二连盆地西部的油气富集带上,资源背景良好,分析认为,凹陷具有油气成藏的多方面条件,勘探潜力良好。     

巴彦浩特盆地沉降史分析

运用回剥分析技术对巴彦浩特盆地的沉降史作了定量方面的研究，认为巴彦浩特盆地是在早古生代的古隆起基础上发育起来的，共经历了两个隆升期和三个沉降期，两个隆升期是：三叠纪—早侏罗世、晚白垩世；三个沉降期是：志留纪—二叠纪、中侏罗世—早白垩世及第三纪—第四纪．相应地形成了四种类型的盆地，即志留纪—二叠纪前陆盆地（南部坳陷带）、石炭纪—二叠纪裂陷槽（东部坳陷带及其以东地区，为贺兰裂陷槽的一部分）、中侏罗世—早白垩世断陷盆地及新生代的坳陷盆地．晚古生代时，沉降主要发生在盆地的南部坳陷带及东部坳陷带内，侏罗纪时，南部坳陷带隆起，西部坳陷带及东部坳陷带为主要沉降区，受断陷活动控制，其间为中央隆起带分隔．早白垩世盆地全面下沉，成为统一盆地     

柴达木地区晚古生代沉积构造演化

依据野外采集的古流向数据和上古生界火山岩地球化学资料对柴达木地区晚古生代沉积构造演化特征进行研究.结果表明:盆地东部地区物源总体来自北部,海侵方向由南向北,沉积中心在盆地南部地区;构造背景晚泥盆世为后碰撞期的板内拉伸,早石炭世为陆内拉张构造环境,晚石炭世-二叠纪以洋陆俯冲构造背景为主;晚泥盆世开始,柴达木地块周围普遍因拉张而发生裂陷,形成一系列狭长状的地堑式断陷盆地或海槽,柴达木中央隆起(牛鼻子梁古陆)的雏形形成;石炭纪沉积盆地是在海西运动产生的晚泥盆世裂陷槽基础上形成的差异性沉降盆地,具有坳、隆相间的古地理格局,海侵广泛,以台型沉积为主的浅海相碳酸盐岩裂谷盆地,在古陆边缘附近形成了海陆过渡相的泻湖、扇三角洲(或辫状河三角洲)及沼泽相含煤沉积;二叠纪基本保持了石炭纪的海域,仍处于陆缘裂陷盆地的构造背景,属于稳定型浅海相沉积的碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩建造.     

潮水盆地早中侏罗世含煤地层沉积特征及探煤前景

潮水盆地可划分为7个一级构造单元和19个二级构造单元,中统青土井群为主要含煤地层。盆地的中生代地层可划分为以侏罗系裂陷背景为主的构造层序Ⅰ和以白垩系坳陷背景为主的构造层序Ⅱ,本次研究工作的重点以构造层序Ⅰ中的裂陷一幕中的次级构造作用幕。芨芨沟群上岩组和青土井群下岩组均具有成煤的构造、成煤的环境和成煤的物质来源;盆地内次级构造平山湖凹陷,窖南凹陷南缘的逆掩断层下盘,青土井地段,马家井凹陷黄毛井以西,西渠凹陷的井泉东和黄毛井以东具有找煤前景和潜力。     

准噶尔盆地构造演化与油气成藏特征

对准噶尔盆地构造特征、地层分布和地层不整合等特征进行的研究结果表明 ,该盆地内经历了裂陷盆地、碰撞前陆盆地、陆内坳陷盆地和陆内俯冲前陆盆地等 4个演化阶段。裂陷盆地控制了石炭系烃源岩 ,使其沿裂陷槽分布 ;碰撞前陆盆地将二叠系烃源岩局限于玛湖、昌吉、克拉美丽山等山前坳陷内 ;陆内坳陷期从三叠纪一直持续到古近纪末 ,盆地内泥岩和煤岩广泛分布 ;陆内俯冲前陆盆地发育在南缘西部。因而 ,古、新近系烃源岩主要分布在安集海呼图壁一带。烃源岩演化和油源对比表明 ,盆地内有 3次成藏期 ,分别为印支期 (T3 )、燕山期 (J3 )和喜山期(E2 ) ,形成了石炭系、二叠系、侏罗系和古近系 4个复合含油气系统。根据构造特征和成藏条件的差异性 ,在盆地内可划分出西北部、西部、南部、东部和腹部 5个油气聚集区带。准噶尔盆地的成藏模式主要有逆冲断阶不整合单向充注、压扭背斜双向充注、断隆带双向充注、披覆背斜单向充注、逆冲背斜带单向充注和斜坡带单向充注 6种类型。     

准噶尔盆地构造演化与油气成藏特征

对准噶尔盆地构造特征、地层分布和地层不整合等特征进行的研究结果表明,该盆地内经历了裂陷盆地、碰撞前陆盆地、陆内坳陷盆地和陆内俯冲前陆盆地等4个演化阶段。裂陷盆地控制了石炭系烃源岩,使其沿裂陷槽分布;碰撞前陆盆地将二叠系烃源岩局限于玛湖、昌吉、克拉美丽山等山前坳陷内;陆内坳陷期从三叠纪一直持续到古近纪末,盆地内泥岩和煤岩广泛分布;陆内俯冲前陆盆地发育在南缘西部。因而,古、新近系烃源岩主要分布在安集海—呼图壁一带。烃源岩演化和油源对比表明,盆地内有3次成藏期,分别为印支期(T3)、燕山期(J3)和喜山期(E2),形成了石炭系、二叠系、侏罗系和古近系4个复合含油气系统。根据构造特征和成藏条件的差异性,在盆地内可划分出西北部、西部、南部、东部和腹部5个油气聚集区带。准噶尔盆地的成藏模式主要有逆冲断阶-不整合单向充注、压扭背斜双向充注、断隆带双向充注、披覆背斜单向充注、逆冲背斜带单向充注和斜坡带单向充注6种类型。     

辽河盆地与伸展作用有关的构造运动学分析

辽河盆地是中生代大陆内裂谷盆地，以伸展作用为主，同时受到后期走滑作用的改造，构造形式复杂。裂谷盆地的形成、演化是在伸展活动发生复杂而有规律的运动中进行的，表现为水平伸展运动、垂直升降运动、掀斜或翘倾运动等，这是裂谷盆地的主要特征。该盆地的各时期掀斜角度不同造成凹陷的差异性，限制了沉积生油岩的范围，从而决定着油气资源分布。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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