IS-代数的伴侣半环

引入了IS-代数（BCI-半群）的伴侣半环和环部分的概念,通过讨论它们的性质,表明了一般IS-代数与环和半环之间的紧密联系,并用它们刻画了几类IS-代数。     

IS-代数的特征数

引入了IS-代数的特征数的概念,讨论了它的性质;给出了IS-代数的特征数与环的特征数之间的关系,并用特征数刻画了无零因子、BCK和拟结合的IS-代数.     

由一般BCI-代数生成的可换半群

在BCI-代数X中,令x＋y=0＊（（0＊x）＊y）,那么（X,＋）是可换半群,称之为X的加法半群．给出了加法半群的性质,说明了加法半群中元素阶与BCI-代数中元素阶的等价性．并用加法半群刻画了结合、广义结合、k-结合、拟结合、k-拟结合和诣零BCI-代数．     

IS-代数的伴随半环

引入了IS-代数X的伴随半环的概念,讨论了它的性质,用它给出了结合、广义结合和拟结合IS-代数的等价刻画,得到了X的p-半单部分SP(X)的伴随半环与伴侣半环的同构性质.     

Artin IS-代数的特征

引入Artin IS-代数的概念，利用反模糊理想，刻划Artin IS-代数的特征，得到如下结论：①设X是Anin IS-代数且μ是X的一个反模糊理想，若Imμ的元素序列是严格递减的，则μ有有限值；②若IS-代数X的任意模糊理想有有限值，则X是Artin的．     

非紧距离空间上的Lipschitz-α算子

引入大Lipschitz-a^＊数和小Lipschitz—a^＊数以及算子空间L^α＊（X,Y）,Lβ^α＊（X,Y）,l^α＊（X,Y）,lβ^α＊（X,Y）,证明了L^α＊（X,Y）关于范数‖·‖1构成Banach算子空间,L^α＊（X,Y）关于范数‖·‖a＊,‖·‖max构成Banach空间,进一步证明它们各自构成Banach代数并讨论了由有界算子空间构成的Banach代数（L^α＊（X,Y）,‖·‖a＊）与有界算子空间构成的Banach代数（Lβ^α＊（X,Y）,‖·‖a＊）之间的关系．     

Iseki扩张的唯一性

证明了Iseki扩张的唯一性,也就是说,若真BCI-代数（X′;＊′,O〉=X∪{α}是BCK-代数〈X;＊,O〉Iseki扩张,那么必有y＊′α=α,α＊′x=α,α＊′α=0,x≠α,y≠α．     

一类BCI一代数自同态的几点性质

型为（2．0）的代数（X;。,0）若满足以下公理：其中Z,y,Z为X中任意元素,则称X是一个BCI一代数。在BCI一代数中偏序关系＜定义为：二＜yp：。y＝0n」在任意BCI一代数X中以下结论成立：在BCI一代数X中,以x。y”记X中元素这里y出现n次。特别规定x。y’一x。gi理112］设X是一个BCi一代数,则对任意正整数足,以下结论成立：弓l理2［’］设X是一个BCI一代数,则以下结论成立：其中m,n是任意正整数,x,y,z是X中任意元素。设X是一个BCI一代数,对任意正整数n,定义X的自映射则由（9）易见0。是X的自同态。＊C工代数x的非空…     

斜Hurwitz级数环的三角矩阵表示

设R是环，H＊R是尺上的斜Hurwitz级数环。在一定条件下，证明了H＊R与尺具有相同的三角维数。此外，如果R是PWP环并且（R，＋）是挠自由的，那么H＊R是PWP环。     

C~m的子集上的全纯函数芽

本文证明了当是连通子集时，X上的全纯函数芽全体H（X）也是一个整环。但非可逆元全体H’（X）一般不再是理想。此外，本文还指出了H（X）是一个C一代数，并讨论了的一个有趣的干代数。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-