海滨锦葵数量性状的相关和主成分分析

对海滨锦葵的9个数量性状(产量、株高、地径、分枝数、百粒重、种子数、发芽率、蛋白质和粗脂肪)进行了变异程度、相关性和主成分分析。结果表明：(1)海滨锦葵自然生长群体急需改良，单系产量问存在极显著差异(变异系数为98．44％)；(2)产量与地径和分枝数间有十分显著的正相关(r=0．788和0．709)，粗脂肪、株高与产量间有显著的相关性(r=0．380和0．279)；蛋白质、粗脂肪与地径间有显著的相关性(r=308和0．342)；(3)9个数量性状可归纳为4个主成分(产量因子、株高因子、百粒重因子和品质因子)，累积贡献率为77．176％，依据各主成分贡献率的大小，以主成分为单位选育优质高产的海滨锦葵单系则可先选择大地径、多分枝的组合，结合选择多种子的后代材料，最后选育品质较好的优良单系。     

海滨锦葵的耐冷性及低温弱光对其光系统的伤害

以海滨锦葵为实验材料,研究不同低温处理对海滨锦葵光合作用的伤害,探求海滨锦葵对低温胁迫的敏感温度,以及低温弱光对海滨锦葵的伤害．结果表明：在低温胁迫下,海滨锦葵的净光合速率（Pn）、光系统II实际光化学效率（ФPSII）、最大光化学效率（Fv／Fm）显著下降,说明随着温度的降低,海滨锦葵光化学活性受到抑制,13℃是其低温胁迫下的临界温度．低温弱光（6℃、200μmol·m^-2s^-1）处理4h后Fv/Fm下降了2．5％,而光系统I活性（△I／I0）下降了18．5％,说明在低温弱光条件下,海滨锦葵光系统I受到的伤害高于光系统II;在恢复过程中,光系统II在8h基本完全恢复,而光系统I和净光合速率在48h后仍没有恢复到正常水平,说明PSI的恢复速率成了光合作用的主要限制因素．     

耐盐能源植物海滨锦葵(Kostelezkya virginica)再生体系的建立

对海滨锦葵组织培养再生体系进行了研究，结果表明：1．海滨锦葵茎段外植体较好的愈伤组织诱导培养基组合为MS＋KT1．5mg／L＋IAA2．0mg／L或MS＋6-BA4．0mg／L＋IBA0．2mg／L＋Inositol50mg／L．2．海滨锦葵愈伤诱导不定芽的较好培养基组合为MS＋NAA2．0mg／L＋2iP5．0mg／L和MS＋NAA0．5mg／L＋2iP5．0mg／L．3．海滨锦葵腋芽分化不定芽的较好培养基组合为改良MS（含2倍有机营养）＋KT0．4mg／L＋IAA1．0mg／L．MS基本培养基中适当提高有机营养的含量对腋芽的增殖有促进作用，实验中以有机营养的含量为基本培养基2倍时效果较好．4．不定芽在1／ZMS的培养基中附加IBA1．0mg／L牛根最好．     

海滨锦葵茎尖组织培养再生体系的优化

以茎尖为外植体,对海滨锦葵（Kosteletzkya virginica）再生体系的优化进行了研究,结果表明：茎尖萌发的最适培养基为MS＋IAA0．3mg·L^-1＋ZT0．3mg·L^-1,萌发率为91．11％;继代增殖最适培养基为MS＋IAA0．1mg·L^-1＋KT0．5mg·L^-1,增殖系数为4．67;生根培养基为MS（蔗糖3％、琼脂0．6％、pH值5．8）,生根率为90％。炼苗移栽后,成活率可达60％。     

海滨锦葵优良单系杂交F2代产量性状的广义遗传力及其主成分分析

以海滨锦葵优良单系杂交的F2代群体为材料,对产量性状进行了广义遗传力、相关性和主成分分析,以期为提高海滨锦葵产量提供有益信息.结果表明:F2家系单株种子产量平均值为12.84 g,比2001年在滩涂海滨锦葵自然生长群体中随机选择的80个单系的平均单株产量(4.25 g/单系)有显著提高;在10个产量性状中,广义遗传力较高的依次是结果枝比、种子成熟度、结果枝数、分枝数和果实数;6个因子(果实数、地径、结果枝数、株高、分枝数和结果枝比)与单株产量高度正相关,且这6个因子彼此高度相关;结果枝高度与上述6个因子及产量均呈显著负相关.主成分分析表明,影响单株产量的依次是结果枝数、地径、分枝数、株高和果实数.对海滨锦葵而言,地径和分枝数的增加是获得高产的关键,而结果枝高度的负选择也可显著提高种子产量.     

海滨锦葵光合作用对盐胁迫的响应

分别用含有0、100、200和300mmol／LNaCl的Hoagland培养液处理海滨锦葵（Kosteletzkya virginica L.Presl），在处理的第0、1、3、5、7、9、11天分别测定其光合作用参数，同时对海滨锦葵的CO2补偿点进行测定．结果发现，盐处理下海滨锦蓥叶片的光合速率在处理的初期均下降，而且盐浓度越高下降越明显，当其下降至最低点后又会有一定程度的回升。而后随着处理时间的延长，又会出现持续的下降，处理盐度越高光合速率下降得越明显．在处理的初期使光合降低的主要因素是气孔限制因素，在后期非气孔限制因素逐渐开始起作用；实验同时发现盐处理能明显提高海滨锦葵的CO2补偿点，且盐度越高上升的幅度越大．     

Na2S对NaCl胁迫下海滨锦葵光合作用的效应

选用海滨锦葵幼苗为实验材料,在不同NaCl浓度下,对其叶面喷施Na2S处理,14天后,测定海滨锦葵叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、光呼吸速率(Pr)、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、实际光化学效率(φPSII)、叶绿素含量及叶片膜透性.结果发现增强盐胁迫下海滨锦葵的光呼吸,可以减缓叶绿素的降解,保护光合器官,显著降低膜透性,说明光呼吸对盐胁迫下海滨锦葵有重要的保护作用.     

海滨锦葵油生物柴油的制备及性能分析

以海滨锦葵油为原料,对海滨锦葵油合成生物柴油工艺进行了研究;利用气相色谱及化学分析法,得出了较理想的合成工艺条件;通过材料成本核算,探讨了海滨锦葵油合成路线的经济可行性,并对海滨锦葵油生物柴油的燃烧性进行了分析。结果表明,采用生物柴油与化工产品综合生产线,所得生物柴油十六烷值达560,硫的质量分数为0.0038%,主要技术指标达到甚至超过GB/T 20828-2007标准要求。     

水分和盐分胁迫对海滨锦葵生长的效应

分别用含有0、100、200mmol/LNaCl和等渗PEG的Hoagland培养液处理海滨锦葵幼苗,10天后测定植株的生长、水分状况、Na、K离子含量、渗透调节能力及光合特性的变化.结果发现:NaCl和等渗PEG均引起生长的下降,但等渗PEG对海滨锦葵的影响比NaCl的影响大,说明海滨锦葵对盐胁迫的适应能力较强,而对渗透胁迫的适应能力较差.     

不同盐渍条件下海滨锦葵光合-光响应模型

采用CIRAS-3便携式光合作用测定仪测定了不同盐渍条件下海滨锦葵在不同光强下的净光合速率。通过非直角双曲线模型、直角双曲线模型、指数模型和直角双曲线修正模型对光合参数和拟合曲线进行比较,探讨盐胁迫下海滨锦葵的光响应过程。结果表明,随着盐浓度的升高,海滨锦葵的净光合速率表现出先增高后降低的趋势。另外,从相对误差和决定系数来看,除了指数模型,其他3个模型在不同盐胁迫的海滨锦葵中均适用;发现随着盐浓度的升高,表观量子效率明显降低。对照条件下直角双曲线模型的拟合度最高,100 mmol·L^-1和300 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理条件下直角双曲线修正模型为海滨锦葵的最适模型,200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理条件下非直角双曲线模型的拟合度最高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~