基于自适应3D－Hough变换方法估计三维物体的位置参数

本文提出一种基于３Ｄ－Ｈｏｕｇｈ变换检测深度信息图像中平面特征及估计三维物体位置参数的新算法．利用３Ｄ－Ｈｏｕｇｈ参数空间中位移和旋转相分离的特征，多层次地估计物体的位置参数．因为该算法直接从输入的深度信息图像获得几何特征，所以该算法具有较好的鲁棒性．     

一种基于自然特征点的增强现实注册方法

介绍了一种基于自然特征点的增强现实注册方法．根据计算机视觉的理论,在透视变换的情况下,一个景物平面与一个图像平面之间的变换是平面投影变换．通过这个原理就可以推导出投影矩阵在满足一定条件下可由单应矩阵得到．根据这个原理,首先通过一个景物平面和图像之间的单应得到初始状态相机的投影矩阵,然后对后面每帧图像和前一帧进行自然特征点匹配,通过匹配点对计算出图像之间以及图像与景物平面的单应关系,由此就可以得到每一帧图像对应的相机的投影矩阵,从而完成虚拟物体的注册．     

基于拓扑图及三维特征的三维物体识别方法

提出一种基于拓扑图及三维特征的三维物体识别方法.该方法在图象预处理阶段先检测物体可视表面的闭合边界,再依据闭合边界对物体进行表面分割,并用一个景物特征图对景物进行表达(SAGR).在建模阶段,先采用多视图表面模型方法建模,再依据表面分割,对模型用一个模型特征图进行表达(MAGR).在物体识别阶段,将景物与模型的匹配分3部分进行,即扫描部件、图的匹配部件及匹配检验部件.匹配首先是基于 SAGR 与 MAGR 图的拓扑性质的匹配,然后是基于三维特征的匹配.根据匹配结果,或对未知物体自动建模,或给出识别结果.     

一种用广义特征矩阵计算若当基的方法

给出一种用广义特征矩阵计算若当基的方法.该方法在获得亏损矩阵的特征值及其代数重数的基础上,求出广义特征矩阵,利用系列广义特征矩阵构成分块矩阵,并使每一分块矩阵正好是特征向量或广义特征向量,再施以初等变换求出若当基.     

频谱扫描的物体面形测量方法研究

根据正弦投影栅成像及其傅里叶变换的特点，提出了一种利用频谱扫描测量物体面形的方法．使用CCD摄像机采集一幅待测物面的图像，利用傅里叶变换法求出其空间频谱．扫描频谱图，确定参考平面投影栅线的空间频率，进而利用余弦函数模拟参考平面上的投影栅线分布．由待测物面上和参考平面上投影栅线的相对变形可求出物体的高度场分布．该方法不需要相位分布测量，也不需要解包裹运算，只需一幅图像即可实现物体的面形测量．笔者介绍了该方法的原理并进行了实验验证，给出了实验过程和实验结果．实验结果表明，该方法可实现物体面形的快速识别，有自动化程度高、计算速度快、对环境要求更低的优点．     

基于线矩特征的破损目标识别

论述了用曲线的矩特征作为局部不变量来识别二维破损目标的方法。该方法对目标的轮廓进行分割后，利用阶次规正后的轮廓线矩特征，通过粗、细两级的基于Ｈｏｕｇｈ变换的投票匹配法来识别目标。分类实验表明，该方法有利于提高目标局部特征的抗噪性，并简化了破损目标的匹配和识别算法。     

用逆Z变换求An的一种方法

线性代数中求矩阵A^n，一般的方法是求出矩阵A的特征值，再求出其对应的特征向量，然而很多矩阵不能对角化，也就无法用这种方法求出A^n，为了解决这一问题，用Z变换的方法给出A^n的一个计算公式，并给出严格的数学证明，从根本上解决了A^n的计算问题．而且这种方法在信号与系统分析中是非常有用的．     

一种基于SIFT特征匹配的工件识别方法

为了解决平移、旋转、缩放和部分遮挡等复杂环境下的工件图像匹配识别问题,给出了一种基于SIFT(尺度不变特征变换)特征匹配的工件识别算法.该算法采用SIFT特征作为匹配特征,引入欧氏距离作为图像匹配的相似性度量,并采用设定阈值的方法剔除误配点.实验结果表明,该算法能有效解决具有平移、旋转、缩放和部分遮挡等情况下的工件匹配识别问题.     

基于标识与平面间单应性矩阵的虚实注册方法

提出了一种基于单应性矩阵与平面标识相结合的三维注册算法，解决了标识部分被遮挡情况下的虚实注册问题，提高了系统的健壮性、可用性．该方法将直接求解三维注册矩阵问题分解为利用图像间的匹配特征点来计算相邻两帧图像间的单应性关系，并利用该单应性关系恢复最终注册矩阵．就实验结果与ARToolkit的注册性能作了比较，结果表明该算法能够解决标识部分遮挡情况下的虚实注册问题，在健壮性方面明显优于ARToolkit．     

连续分布时滞系统最优控制的广义正交多项式方法

本文介绍了广义正交多项式及其运算矩阵．应用广义正交多项式的展开式及运算矩阵，将连续分布时滞系统的最优控制问题转化为求解代数方程组，最后求出最优控制解。该方法有效且简单．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the