海南坝王岭土壤甲螨初报（蜱螨亚纲：甲螨亚目）

1992—4—24,我们在海南省坝王岭的海南大枫树(Hydrocarpus hainanensis)下土壤中采得11种甲螨,其中有2新种,4个已知种和5个未定名种,新种是:枝大龙足甲螨Megeremaeus rameus sp. nov.和海南大头甲螨Megalotocepheus hainanensis sp. nov.。本文列出了种的目录,并对新种的形态特征及鉴别依据进行了详细记述。文内量度单位为微米(μm)。模式标本均保存于白求恩医科大学生物教研室。     

副小体膜壳绦虫Hymenolepis paramicrosoma Gasowaka的生活史研究(膜壳科)

本文首次报告我国家鸭的副小体膜壳绦虫(Hymenolepis paramicrosoma Gasowaka,1913)的生活史。实验阐明福建厦门地区的广布中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops leuckarti)和等形小剑水蚤(Microcyclops M.subaeqnalis)为本虫的中间宿主,二者均是中间宿主新记录。在室温23—26℃的条件下,剑水蚤自感染虫卵后发育为拟囊尾蚴期需时7天,但达到成熟的拟囊尾蚴则需11天,幼虫在中间宿主体内的全程发育要经过六钩蚴期、原腔期、囊腔期、头结形成期和拟囊尾蚴期等五个阶段的发育。小鸭感染拟囊尾蚴后需要经过15天才可发育达到性成熟的成虫。     

吉林省甲螨一新种(蜱螨亚纲 甲螨亚目 小甲螨科)

本文记述了采自吉林省临江林业局闹枝林场和望江楼的小甲螨科 Orib-atellidae 小甲螨属 Oribatella 一新种——临江小甲螨 Oribatella lin jiangensis sp.nov,对新种的形态特征进行了描述,并对新种与属内近似种进行了比较鉴别。文中所用量度单位均为微米(μm)。     

鸡(土从)菌(Termitomyces albuminosus)小白球培养研究

从白蚁巢(菌台、菌圃)(comb)上分离培养出产生鸡(土从)菌(Termitomyces albumi-nosus)子实体原基的小白球(spherules),菌台上除优势种鸡(土从)菌外,还发现绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)、青霉(Penicillium sp.)、拟青霉(Paecilomyces sp.)、炭角菌(Xylaria sp)和酵母类(yeast)等真菌共同组成一个真菌“群落”;为模拟鸡(土从)菌的营养条件,还检测了菌台的化学成分。     

分离、筛选絮凝剂产生菌Bacillus sp.CX15及絮凝条件优化研究

为有效提升猪场污水处理效果，从污水处理厂附近土壤中，分离和筛选出对污水具有较好絮凝作用的絮凝菌，并对絮凝菌培养条件进行了优化实验.结果表明：絮凝菌最优产絮时间为2 d,最优培养温度为35℃,菌液接种量为3%,絮凝菌在80℃条件下能维持较高的热稳定性.紫外、红外光谱结构表征实验证明，絮凝菌主要由酸性多糖组成.扫描电镜及革兰氏阳性实验结果显示，絮凝菌呈杆状.结合生化特征及分类学鉴定，判定絮凝菌CX15为Bacillus sp.CX15.     

大泷六线鱼大规格苗种网箱培育试验

为探讨大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)大规格苗种网箱培育效果,本研究以海上近岸小型网箱为平台,在水温14.2-21.4℃的条件下,以5月龄大泷六线鱼幼鱼为试验对象进行56 d的培育试验.结果显示:平均全长(6.88±0.23)cm、平均体质量(3.45±0.12)g的大泷六线鱼幼鱼,经56 d网箱培育...     

冷藏条件下土样保存时间对甲螨(甲螨亚目)和跳虫(弹尾纲)类物种分离的影响

【目的】探究土壤在低温储存条件下,不同储存时间对土壤动物分离效果的影响,为土壤动物的大量采集与分离提供参考。【方法】于2018年10月6日在吉林市松花湖自然保护区天然蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)林,采用5点采样法钻取不同深度的土壤,置于4℃冰箱内储存,分别于采集当日、7、14、21、28天,对土样内动物样品(甲螨亚目(Oribatida)与弹尾纲(Collembola)类物种,下文统称为甲螨与跳虫)采用Berlese-Tullgren分离法分离,在显微镜下对分离得到的甲螨和跳虫根据形态学特征进行种属鉴定。【结果】随土样保存时间的延长,甲螨、跳虫的个体数和物种数总体呈下降趋势;相同保存时间、不同土壤深度下,甲螨与跳虫的种类差异显著(P<0.05),总体呈下降趋势;在枯落物层收集到的甲螨与跳虫,其物种数量与5、10、15 cm土层下的物种数量差异显著,也呈现下降趋势。【结论】冷藏条件下土壤保存时间延长会降低中型土壤动物的分离效率,甲螨在土壤采集当天分离效果最好,而跳虫分离基本不受土壤冷藏保存时间的影响;甲螨和跳虫的收集主要在枯落物层,土壤深度增加,土壤动物减少。     

一株菲降解菌的分类鉴定及其降解特性

从新疆油田石油污染土壤中分离到一株菲降解菌FM-2,经初步鉴定为伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia sp.).采用液体培养的方法,研究了菲的初始浓度、培养天数、温度、pH、盐度对FM-2菌株降解菲效果的影响.结果表明菌株在菲浓度为300-600 mg/L范围内培养3 d降解率均高于85%;条件实验表明,温度15-35℃、pH 5-9、盐度0-1%条件下,接种2 d后菲(300 mg/L)降解率在80%以上;经HPLC-MS分析表明,菌株FM-2降解菲的途径为水杨酸途径;初步研究发现该菌株中含有的双加氧酶大亚基保守区氨基酸序列与已报道的伯克霍尔德氏菌K24的萘1,2-双加氧酶基因保守区氨基酸序列相似性为99%.     

神农架四种特色药用珍稀植物内生真菌的多样性研究

药用植物内生真菌是一类具有广泛的应用前景的微生物资源.本研究以神农架的特色药用植物红豆杉(Taxus Chinensis)、珙桐(Davidia involucrata Baill.)、白三七(Panax notoginseng)、七叶一枝花(Paris polyphylla.)为研究对象,利用rDNA-ITS序列对其健康组织的内生真菌多样性进行分析.结果表明,从这4种植物中共分离出97株归属于23个属具有丰富的生物多样性的内生真菌.其中从红豆杉中分离得到内生真菌70株,分属于21个属优势种属是镰刀菌属(Fusarium sp.)、拟盘多毛孢属(Pestalotiopsis sp.)和拟茎点霉属(Phomopsis sp.);从白三七中分离内生真菌12株,归属于毛霉属(Mucor sp.)和镰刀菌属(Fusarium sp.),从七叶一枝花中分离内生真菌6株,归属毛霉属(Mucor sp.)、镰刀菌属(Mucor sp.)和青霉属(Penicillium sp.),从珙桐中分离内生真菌9株炭角菌属(Xylaria sp.)、炭团菌属(Hypoxylon sp.)、拟茎点霉属(Phomopsis sp.)、链格孢属(Alternaria sp.)、柄孢壳属(Podospora sp.)、间座壳属(Diaporthe sp.).     

凡纳滨对虾养殖水体中浮游生物群落的多样性分析研究

为探讨凡纳滨对虾养殖水体中浮游生物群落的演替,对虾池水体中浮游生物群落组成和其多样性进行了分析.研究结果表明:在凡纳滨对虾养殖水体中,浮游植物的优势种主要由小球藻(Chlorella sp.)、波吉卵囊藻(Oocystis borgei)、小环藻(Cyclostella sp.)、新月拟菱形藻(N.closterium sp.)、角毛藻(C.mueeleri sp)、平裂藻(Merismopedia sp).和席藻(Phormidium sp)组成.浮游植物多样性指数变化范围为0.08～1.89,平均值为1.36±0.25,优势度指数变化范围为0.20～0.98,平均值为0.51±0.26.浮游动物的优势种为许水蚤(Schmackeria.sp)和臂尾轮虫(Brachionus.sp),其中,水体中许水蚤无节幼体的数量呈规律性波动,波动周期为15d.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to