微观语境、宏观语境与前景化搭配

前景化搭配作为前景化的特征之一,是为了语言的某种语用修辞效果而刻意创造的,正确地把握这种偏离常规所创造的修辞效果,就必须根据语言的宏观语境和微观语境。语言之所以表情达意,是和语境不相分离的。本文就微观语境和宏观语境两方面讨论词语的前景化搭配现象。     

英汉习语比喻跨文化现象透视

人类泛化的共性和各民族化的个性也反映到了语言之中，英汉习语中的比喻存在着相同、相似及相异的情况。本对英汉习语比喻中的喻体进行对比，并透过现象研究其深层的化差异，以探求跨化现象在外语教学及学习中的重要意义。     

《狂人日记》中前景化语言的翻译

尝试从前景化的视角对《狂人日记》两个英译本进行比较，探讨译者在再现原文的前景化特征时所采取的策略以及在译文中产生的不同文体效果，并尝试归纳出一些前景化语言的翻译策略。     

论英语诗歌语言的"前景化"

诗歌语言源于日常语言，它灵活多变，涵义丰富。同时，它又因诗人创造性地使用语言而具有显著的艺术性和变异性。“前景化”，作为诗歌语言的一个显著特征，在诗歌赏析和理解的过程中，是不能被忽略的。通过举例分析“前景化”的概念及类型，“前景化”与变异的关系，“前景化”与显著性的关系，“前景化”对于诗歌语言的重要性和线索作用得以充分体现。     

试论中英文化差异在语言中的体现及译法

每一种语言都与某一特定的化相对应，中英两种化决定了中英两种语言存在差异的必然性。虽然化的差异造成不同语言之间的词汇空缺，但通过在不同的化和语言中寻求对等、直译、意译等可行的翻译方法，可将中英化差异而引发的语言现象的差异有效地体现出来。     

中介语僵化及对自主学习策略的启示

随着中介语研究的深入发展，其研究重点是围绕着学习者的语言这个核心问题而展开。针对多种因素导致的中介语僵化现象，一方面应该从激发学生自主学习能力的视角出发，克服中介语僵化现象；另一方面，外语教学中教师还应该采取多种措施强化语言学习的外部环境，向学习者传达地道的目的语资源，使他们更深层地融人目的语文化。     

日本人的语言表达与语言心理

语言是特定社会的产物。语言与化是相互依存的，不同的语言反映出不同的化。语言表达方式反映了日本人的语言心理。日本人语言生活中所见到的诸多独特的语言现象，都与日本的历史化，风俗习惯有紧密联系。因此要学好日语，不但要学习日本人的语言表达，更应了解日本人的语言心理。这样就能逐渐强化对日语的感知和辨别能力，不发生化摩擦，顺利达到交际目的。     

浅析英汉跨文化交际中的语用失误

跨文化交际是指任何两个不同语言文化背景的人之间的交际。语言文化差异是引起语用失误的重要因素。每个民族都有其特定的文化历史积淀和深层构筑,并形成各自不同的文化理念。以事喻理,以物喻义的文化烙印牢牢地镶嵌在语言中,对语用意义的理解起着不可估量的制约作用。本文试从文化角度分析跨文化交际中的语用失误,探讨造成这种现象的原因,并提出克服这种现象的相应措施。     

英语歧义现象分析

1.引言一个句子可以有两种或两种以上不同的理解 ,这种现象被称为歧义现象。歧义现象是一种特殊的语言现象。在这种语言现象中 ,语言的形式与内容不是一一对应 ,而是一种形式与多个内容的对应 ,或相同的表层结构具有不同的深层内容与之对应 ,因此而产生语言形式和意义的矛盾。例如 :这位同志连主席都不认识。对这句子就有两种不同的理解。既可以说“这位同志不认识主席”,也可以说“主席不认识这位同志”。对于这种形式和意义相矛盾且又不能相互统一的结构或句子 ,如果不能准确地把握他们特定的语境 ,势必造成歧义或误会。英语中也有这种特…     

北京市英文(字母)楼盘名称的社会语言学分析

英文(字母)楼盘名称是楼盘洋名化的极端表现,违背了国家地名管理有关规定。但这种现象不仅没有得到遏制,反而有蔓延之势。究其原因,其中有命名用语求新求特的效果要求,还有社会语言环境的影响和深层的社会心理原因。对这种现象不能过高估计其负面影响,同时也不能放任自流,而应当加强引导和规范。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.