提高波阻抗分辨率的分形方法

设想波阻抗剖面具有“自相似”分形结构，我们利用分形插值方法和其他已有信息，例如测并曲线，求得该波阻抗剖面的分形插值函数，经对原始剖面分形重构后，获得具有更多细节的高分辩率波阻抗剖面，其中如何获得分表插值参数的关键问题，本文给出阵种数学方法，实际计算表明重构的波阻同比原剖面更好地反映了地下构造情况。     

基于三维IFS分形插值的DEM重构算法

研究了基于三维迭代函数系统分形插值的数字高程模型(DEM)重构问题．对于矩形剖分,提出了具有明确几何解释的简洁迭代格式。生成连续三维分形插值函数;采用多分辨率快速递推算法代替通常费时的迭代生成过程,使得分形生成的时间大大加快．算法的特征具备明显的几何意义和重构时的低计算复杂度,有利于三维分形插值的实际应用．DEM重构的实验结果表明了算法的有效性。     

模型反演技术在煤层厚度预测中的应用

在煤田地震勘探中,煤层厚度的变化情况是矿方开采前急需的重要参数。地震反演就是利用测井、钻井资料和地质规律为约束条件,构建一个初始波阻抗模型,将初始波阻抗模型与实际地震剖面进行对比,根据它与实际地震剖面的差异反复修改模型参数,最后得到一个从给定的观测数据中重构出的合适的地质模型,从而较好地预测和描述地下储层的纵横向展布和物性变化。对宁夏某矿区三维地震资料利用钻孔测井资料为约束进行反演处理,应用STRATA地震反演系统,获得波阻抗反演数据体。反演技术应用于煤层厚度解释具有直观、快速的特点。     

关于矩形网格上分形插值曲面的若干计算结果

在介绍了矩形区域上传统插值曲面原理的基础上，叙述了利用R3上的迭代函数系的吸引子来构造分形插值曲面的方法，并依据给出的矩形区域上分形插值曲面的迭代函数公式进行了相关计算推导．通过计算，对两种插值曲面进行比较，从而得到分形插值曲面的若干计算结果，并给出了分形插值曲面的积分计算公式，从而为此类问题的进一步研究提供了理论依据．     

等参数平面裂纹问题的二级分形有限元分析

针对正交各向异性板的平面裂纹问题，应用二级分形有限元的办法研究了裂纹尖端应力强度因子的计算方法．与各向同性平面裂纹问题比拟，获得正交各向异性平面裂纹问题的一般解，并将它作为整体插值函数；利用二级分形有限元对平面裂纹板进行离散，使得求解的自由度极大地减少．结果表明，只需有限粗略的网格划分和简单的插值单元就可以有效地获得较精确的裂纹尖端应力强度因子．     

Sierpinski地毯导出分形插值函数的几个性质

由定义在Sierpinski地毯上的一个质量分布导出一个分形插值函数，并给出分形插值函数的六个性质，这些性质反映了Sierpinski地毯的分形结构．     

不同尺度下分形插值函数的积分

应用分形插值方法可以模拟出预先给定的不同粗糙度的分形曲线和曲面，它能够更好地刻画出自然界中普遍存在的处处不光滑的连续形貌．作为研究函数性态的重要方向，讨论了分形插值函数的积分问题，引用数学归纳法证明了有关分形插值函数在不同尺度下积分问题的几个结论，指出了在不同的尺度下分形插值函数的积分值与生成分形插值函数的变换系数之间的关系，为进一步研究分形函数的小波变换和小波分析提供了基础。     

分形、神经网络、细胞自动机原理及其插值方法研究

传统的插值方法存在许多不足之处.将分形、神经网络、细胞自动机等非线性科学理论与传统的插值方法相结合,解决了传统的插值方法所不能解决的问题.分形插值使相邻两插值点之间的局部变化特征得以描述;人工神经网络插值解决了机理尚不明确的问题;基于细胞自动机理论的曲面重构使得整张拟合曲面的光顺性得到保证.文中对这些非线性插值方法逐一进行探讨.     

小波变换在波阻抗反演中的应用

介绍了利用小波变换进行多道波阻抗反演的原理．鉴于地震剖面上不同的频带有不同的信噪比,以及相邻地震道的反射波有效成分在波形和能量上有较强的相关性,笔者结合小波变换的特点,运用多道记录同时进行波阻抗反演,即在迭代过程中将实际记录与模型合成记录的残差道进行小波分解,形成残差道分频小波剖面,然后利用Ｋ－Ｌ变换提取分频剖面中的相干部分用于波阻抗变化量的计算,从而避免了噪音参与波阻抗变化量的计算．展示了理论模型与实际应用的例子,说明该反演方法稳定性强,具有广泛的应用前景     

具有间断点的分形插值函数及其维数

文献[1]提出了具有间断点的分形插值方法,根据给定的插值结点和给定的纵向压缩因子构造出二维空间上的一个映射,其不变集为通过插值结点的具有间断点的分形曲线.本文给出了具有间断点的仿射分形插值函数和递归仿射分形插值函数的关系,从而得到分形插值函数图像的计盒维数定理.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.