异步轧制无取向硅钢的再结晶织构演变

在无取向硅钢冷轧过程中采用同步轧制和速比为1.06,1.125,1.19的异步轧制,以考察异步轧制对冷轧和再结晶织构的影响.研究发现,异步轧制减弱冷轧织构中{001}～{112}〈110〉组分,增强{111}〈112〉并减弱{111}〈110〉组分.{111}〈112〉和{111}～{225}〈110〉形变晶粒内剪切带处分别形成η(〈001〉∥RD)及偏离其15°的η′(Ψ=75°,θ=0～45°,φ=0°)再结晶晶粒,η′因晶核尺寸优势发展成为主要织构组分.异步轧制下形变织构的变化有利于改善再结晶织构特征及性能,其影响随速比增大而增强.     

铁素体区轧制工艺对IF钢织构及深冲性能的影响

研究了不同铁素体区热轧压下量和终轧温度下一种Ti-IF钢的冷轧和退火后性能和织构的特点.结果表明,较低的铁素体轧制温度和较高的铁素体区压下量时,IF钢具有更高的深冲性能、相对较高的强度、延伸率以及织构强度.IF钢的冷轧织构类型为典型的部分〈110〉∥RD纤维和〈111〉∥ND纤维;再结晶退火后,〈110〉∥RD纤维织构强度明显降低,转变为〈111〉∥ND再结晶纤维织构,因此〈111〉∥ND织构强度大幅度增加.其中终轧温度为750℃,热轧压下率为80%的试样的〈111〉∥ND再结晶纤维织构的强度最高.     

磁场退火对无取向硅钢再结晶织构和组织的影响

为了研究磁场退火对金属材料的再结晶织构和晶粒尺寸的影响,对冷轧无取向硅钢薄板进行了普通退火以及0.1,6和12 T下的磁场退火,磁场沿轧向施加.研究表明,磁场退火显著影响再结晶织构的取向密度和晶粒尺寸,且与磁感应强度成非线性关系.磁场退火增强有利的η(〈001〉∥RD)和{100}织构,减弱不利的γ(〈111〉∥ND)织构,该效应在6 T磁场下较显著;再结晶晶粒尺寸在6 T磁场退火时较大,普通及12T磁场退火时居中,0.1 T磁场退火时较小.从磁场降低晶界可动性和提供与取向相关的附加晶界迁移驱动力的角度,分析了磁场作用机制.     

轧制Fe_(81)Ga_(19)合金薄带再结晶织构演变

对Fe_(81)Ga_(19)合金进行冷轧与再结晶退火,考察了压下率对再结晶织构及磁致伸缩性能的影响.再结晶织构主要由Goss({110}001)和γ(111//ND)织构组成,再结晶织构特征随压下率增加出现明显的改变,归因于变形微结构与冷轧织构的差异.冷轧压下率从60%增加到70%时,剪切带密度增加且{111}112形变织构增强,提高再结晶Goss织构强度与磁致伸缩性能.压下率为80%时,剪切带与形变基体取向变化使剪切带晶核取向漫散,且晶界储能提高为再结晶γ织构提供更多形核位置,导致再结晶Goss织构减弱而γ织构增强,降低薄带磁致伸缩性能.     

冷轧压下率对双辊铸轧硅钢形变和再结晶织构的影响

2.0 mm厚双辊铸轧Fe-2.8%Si-0.8%Al硅钢带坯进行直接冷轧和退火,研究了不同冷轧压下率样品的形变与再结晶织构特征.形变织构主要由α(110//RD),γ(111//ND)和λ(001//ND)纤维织构组分构成,其取向密度峰值分别位于{001}110,{111}110和{001}110~210.随压下率提高(40%~90%),各主要形变织构组分增强,压下率为60%时,剪切带特征最显著.再结晶织构包含Goss({110}001),Cube({001}100),λ,{113}361和{111}112等织构组分.随压下率提高,再结晶机制由剪切带形核主导转变为形变带和晶界形核主导,导致再结晶Goss组分减弱,而{113}361,Cube,λ以及{111}112再结晶织构组分增强.     

Ta-7.5％W在退火过程中的组织和织构演变

通过金相组织观察、透射电子显微镜(TEM)及显微硬度测试,研究冷轧变形量为95％的Ta-7.5％W合金箔材在1 050,1 200和1 360℃退火时的组织和性能变化,并采用取向密度函数(ODF)分析在此过程中其织构演变规律.对其实验结果进行研究发现:冷轧态Ta-7.5％W合金硬度为HV 300,经1 360℃退火后硬度迅速减小,说明此时合金已发生回复再结晶.轧制后的Ta-7.5％W合金箔材具有各向异性,在轧面∥{111}取向上形成位错胞亚结构,在轧面∥{100}取向上形成了形变带,冷轧态的主要织构为{001}〈110〉,{112} 〈110〉和{110}〈110〉织构;在1 200℃退火时,在轧面∥{111}取向上,再结晶通过亚晶界迁移、亚晶长大形核,而在轧面∥{100}取向上,主要是通过亚晶转动、聚合形核;{001}〈110〉织构增强,{112}〈110〉织构减弱;在1 360℃退火时,{001}〈110〉织构急剧减弱,{111}〈112〉织构增强.     

IF钢生产过程中的织构演变

对IF钢生产过程中热轧、冷轧及退火试样的织构演变进行研究.分别借助EBSD和XRD测定和计算了热轧、退火及冷轧试样的取向分布函数及相关织构组分的体积分数.结果发现,热轧板在变形过程中发生了动态再结晶,晶粒为细小的等轴晶,为后续组织发展提供了基础;热轧后试样中的织构很弱,不会影响冷轧织构组分及含量.冷轧过程是织构形成的主要过程,试样中含有4种主要的织构组分:{001}〈110〉、{111｝〈110〉、{111}〈112〉和{112}〈110〉.退火过程中发生再结晶,4种冷轧织构组分在退火过程中均分别转变为{111｝面织构.     

退火时间对高强细晶IF钢再结晶织构的影响

以含铌高强细晶IF钢为研究对象,在不同保温时间下进行了连续退火实验.通过采用OM显微分析及EBSD测试技术对实验钢进行显微组织和微观织构观察分析,得到含铌高强细晶IF钢在退火过程中织构的演变规律.实验结果揭示：高强细晶IF钢在连续退火过程中形成较强的〈111〉//ND再结晶织构.当退火温度为850℃,保温时间为120 s时,钢板具有最强的〈111〉//ND织构;随着保温时间的增加,〈111 〉//ND织构逐渐增强,〈 110〉//RD先减弱后增强.再结晶织构在{111}面与{112}面之间转化并发生漫散现象.     

小形变量轧制下电工钢中立方织构的形成

尝试了小形变量轧制对立方织构电工钢织构形成的影响.结果表明,对含碳量较低的Fe-3.2%Si铁硅合金的初次再结晶组织施加小形变量形变和退火后,可以得到具有柱状晶结构的晶粒组织,并且得到比较集中的立方织构.柱状晶组织形成过程中伴随着∑5和∑11晶界的减少和最终消失,这种低∑重位晶界的移动主要是由于(100)取向晶粒与基体晶粒之间存在沿〈100〉或〈110〉转动36.9°或50.5°的取向关系.     

含铌Hi-B钢织构的演变

以两种含Nb量不同的Hi-B钢为研究对象,借助OM、SEM及XRD研究了试验钢在常化、冷轧及脱碳退火过程中织构的演变规律。结果表明,两组试验钢常化板沿板厚方向存在织构差异,表层及次表层主要为{110}112、{112}111及Goss织构组分,中心层以{001}110、{111}112及{112}110织构组分为主,除次表层Goss织构外,低Nb钢中各织构组分含量均高于高Nb钢;冷轧过程中,{112}111和{110}001织构转变为{111}面织构,{112}110织构转向{001}110织构,高Nb钢中各织构组分含量均高于低Nb钢;脱碳退火过程中,两组试验钢中均形成了较强的{111}面织构,高Nb钢中含有更强的{111}面织构和更弱的Goss织构组分,并且Goss晶粒与{111}112晶粒之间的取向差更接近Σ9晶界。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.