铝合金半固态触变充型过程的计算机模拟

分析半固态AlSi7Mg合金触变充型过程中各个阶段浆料的压力和速度变化特征,建立耦合半固态表观粘度的三维流场数学模型,在考虑半固态边界条件和气体阻力方程基础之上,采用SOLAVOF法对铝合金件的触变充型过程进行模拟计算.结果表明, 入流速度大小对半固态浆料充填流态有显著影响.小的入流速度浆料充填流态倾向于采用平稳充型,同时气孔等缺陷产生倾向也小.与刹车泵体轴向注入工艺相比,在一定入流速度下,采用径向注入工艺成形阻力较小,充型中不会出现充不满的铸造缺陷.上述模拟结果与实际相吻合.     

杯形件半固态模锻充型过程模拟及实验验证

半固态模锻生产过程中,合金坯料的充型过程对制件的成形及性能有较大影响。应用DEFORM软件,对6061合金杯形件半固态模锻进行数值模拟,研究了半固态合金坯料温度、压头预热温度、压头速度对充型过程及速度场的影响。结果表明:半固态合金坯料温度为620℃、压头预热温度为200℃,压头下压速度为40 mm/s时,半固态合金坯料的充型过程是沿着整个型腔充填,以"全壁厚"的形态向前推进,充型过程平稳;半固态合金坯料温度为620℃,压头速度为20 mm/s时,随着压头预热温度的提高,半固态合金坯料的充型过程有所平稳;随着半固态合金坯料温度的提高,充型过程变得不平稳;充型过程中的速度场对半固态合金成型件的组织均匀性有较大影响。     

半固态AZ91D镁合金触变压铸充型过程的数值模拟

以半固态AZ91D镁合金浆料的流变性能的实验研究为基础,通过曲线拟合的方法建立半固态AZ91D镁合金的表观粘度的触变模型.根据此触变模型开发了半固态AZ91D镁合金触变压铸充型过程中的表观粘度计算程序,并嵌入在Castsoft软件中,实现了半固态AZ91D镁合金触变压铸过程的流场和温度场的模拟计算.模拟结果表明:充填速度和浆料温度对半固态AZ91D镁合金浆料的充填过程有显著影响, 最佳充填速度的范围为2～5m·s-1,半固态浆料的最佳温度范围为570～580℃.     

金属材料触变充填及其压力变化特征的模拟

分析了触变合金充填过程的压力变化特征,建立了耦合表观粘度的计算数学模型.对触变铝合金和钢件充型过程及压力变化进行模拟.结果表明,触变合金充型过程具有持续增加的压力变化特征,增加压力主要克服浆料流动阻力与重力,增加幅度约为0.12MPa.在成形充填速度范围内,触变合金呈现稳定的层流充填特征.相比触变铝合金,钢温度高容易引起触变成形过程的降温,表观粘度增大而导致铸件缺陷.半固态刹车泵体两种入流形式的充填压力模拟分析与实际成形结果表明,径向入流方式具有较高的成形质量.     

成形速度对7075半固态模锻组织均匀性的影响

在半固态模锻过程中,经常会出现液相偏析现象,使零件出现"弱点"或"弱区",这些"弱点"或"弱区"通常又是潜在的裂纹源和服役条件下失效的起因。为了分析研究半固态模锻液相偏析的影响因素,应用DEFORM-3D软件对7075铝合金半固态模锻充型过程进行了模拟,研究了成形速度对7075铝合金杯形件充型过程的影响规律。在模拟的基础上,利用压力机及杯形实验模具,进行了半固态7075铝合金流变模锻成形,研究了成形速度对7075铝合金杯形件半固态模锻组织均匀性的影响。模拟和实验结果表明:成形速度越高,充型越不平稳;在压头温度400℃、成形比压50 MPa、合金温度628℃的条件下,随着成形速度的增加,杯形件的液相偏析度增加,组织越不均匀,当成形速度为5mm/s时,杯形件的液相偏析度高达18.2%。     

铝合金半固态反挤压过程的数值模拟

材料在半固态下具有特殊性质,运用有限元数值模拟技术,研究材料在半固态成形过程中的应力场、应变场和温度场的分布规律,预测金属在成形过程中的充型行为、可能产生的缺陷和最佳工艺参数等信息,可为实际生产提供理论依据。对半固态2017铝合金的反挤压过程进行了数值模拟,研究了变形温度、凸模速度、凸模压下量、挤压比和摩擦因子等工艺参数对变形过程中应力、应变和温升的影响,并优化了变形工艺参数。     

流变压铸工艺参数对半固态A356铝合金充填性的影响

研究了半固态A356铝合金浆料的成形温度、压射比压和压射冲头速度对半固态A356铝合金流变压铸充填性的影响.实验结果表明:较高的半固态A356铝合金浆料的成形温度有利于获得良好的充填性.压射比压和压射冲头速度对半固态A356铝合金浆料充填性也具有较大的影响.在本实验条件下,压射冲头速度越大或压射比压越大,充填性越好.试片的壁厚对半固态A356铝合金浆料的充填性影响较大,试片壁厚越大,越容易充填.此外,采用低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌技术制备的A356铝合金浆料和流变压铸试片的组织分布很均匀,有利于获得优质的半固态压铸件.     

液态金属充型过程流动与传热数值模拟

根据有限差分法原理,对液态金属充型过程中同时发生的流动与传热过程,用在微小时间段内独立的流动与传热过程近似表示.结合温场数值模拟与流场数值模拟技术,开发铸件成形过程流动场与温度场耦合的数值模拟软件,并利用该软件对标准实验铸件充型过程进行耦合分析.研究结果表明:该方法不需要求解用能量平衡法建立的,考虑了流动对传热影响的复杂方程,有利于提高流动与传热耦合数值模拟的计算速度;自主开发的金属液态成形工艺分析系统的"耦合"计算功能是有效的,且计算精度较高.     

半固态镁合金压铸充型过程的数值模拟研究

在考虑半固态AZ91D镁合金充型过程的压力和速度变化特征的基础上,建立了模拟计算所需要的表观黏度数学模型.采用ProCAST软件,对半固态镁合金压铸充型过程进行模拟,预测卷气、夹杂物产生的可能性,以便优化其工艺参数和工艺方案.结果表明,与全液态镁合金充型过程相比,半固态金属充型平稳,模具寿命长,铸件质量好;改变内浇道和溢流槽的设置位置和数量,还可有效地减少铸件本身内部杂质,提高铸件质量.     

薄壁件差压铸造的充型特点及影响因素

以水模拟实验模拟高强韧铝合金大型薄壁件的差压充型过程，研究了铸件壁厚、内浇口形状和数量对充型过程流体形态的影响。实验结果表明，铸件壁厚对临界加压速度和临界充型速度影响很大，铸件壁厚薄，临界加压速度和临界充型速度也越大，内浇口形状和数量对充型平稳性影响不显著。在此基础上，对某一大型薄壁舱体件进行了差压铸造浇注工艺设计和差压充型过程数值模拟，数值模拟结果说明，以水模拟实验数据的工艺参数所制订的差压铸造浇注工艺方案，实现了平稳逐层充型，为该类铸件的生产工艺提供了依据。     

Numerical simulation on the rheo-diecasting of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy

The effect of injection pressure, piston velocity, and the forming temperature of semisolid slurry on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy was investigated by simulation methods. The simulation results show that these processing parameters have an important effect on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy. The slurry flows steadily in the cavity when the injection pressure, the piston velocity, and the forming temperature are low, but it is prone to turbulent flow when the injection pressure, the piston velocity, and the forming temperature are much higher. Therefore it is necessary to determine the appropriate processing parameters to get a steady flow of the slurry in the cavity.     

Numerical simulation on reho-diecasting mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder

An apparent viscosity model of semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy has been developed and the software Castsofl6.0 coupled with the model has been used to simulate the mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder with the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry. The simulation results are in agreement with the practical filling process, indicating that the apparent viscosity model is feasible and can be used to simulate the mould filling of the semisolid A356 aluminum alloy slurry and can be used to optimize the filling process and the design of dies. A higher injection pressure, a higher ingate flow velocity of the semi-solid slurry, and a higher slurry temperature are advantageous to the mould filling of the automobile master brake cylinder.     

Investigation of rheo-diecasting mold filling of semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry

The rheo-diecasting mold filling capacity and the microstructure of the semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry were investigated. The results show that the mold filling capacity was strengthened with increasing pouring temperature or increasing injection pressure. Under certain process parameters, the mold cavity was fully filled. However, the mold filling capacity decreased with increasing holding time. The mold filling capacity was improved with increasing shape factor of primary α(Al) grains; however, the solid fraction and the grain size significantly increased at the same time. In addition, the microstructures along the route of the spiral samples obviously differed. The grain size decreased gradually from the near-end to the far-end, whereas the shape factor increased gradually.     

粉末注射成形一维充填模拟

通过对矩形薄壁型腔的充填问题适当简化,编写程序对温度场及压力场进行一维数值模拟,模拟出了相应的运动前沿,得到了能够反映注射成形复杂流场耦合变化的压力场、温度场数据.     

钢铁材料矩形坯半固态连铸机研制

针对低过热浇注、结晶器润滑、快速制备半固态浆料、非圆坯料与圆形注口的协调等矩形坯半固态连铸中的特殊问题,采用立式机型,用电磁搅拌与温度控制结合法制得半固态浆料,采用低压渗油终结晶器、连续变截面预结晶器等技术,设计了适用于钢铁材料的半固态连铸机.试用结果表明:采用预结晶器、终结晶器的双结晶器式结构可以方便实现半固态浆料的制备、运输和浇注成形,低压渗油技术可使终结晶器得到有效润滑.     

Preparation of semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry poured through a water-cooled serpentine channel

A water-cooled serpentine channel pouring process was invented to produce semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry for rheocasting, and the effects of pouring temperature and circulating cooling water flux on the microstructure of the slurry were investigated. The results show that at the pouring temperature of 640-680℃ and the circulating cooling water flux of 0.9 m3/h, the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry with spherical primary α(Al) grains can be obtained, whose shape factors are between 0.78 and 0.86 and the grain diameter can reach 48-68 μm. When the pouring temperatures are at 660-680℃, only a very thin solidified shell remains inside the serpentine channel and can be removed easily. When the serpentine channel is cooled with circulating water, the microstructure of the semi-solid slurry can be improved, and the serpentine channel is quickly cooled to room temperature after the completion of one pouring. In terms of the productivity of the special equipment, the water-cooled serpentine channel is economical and efficient.