氧化铝多孔陶瓷凝胶注模成型研究

以TH-903为分散剂,刚玉粉体为基体材料,以碳粉为造孔剂,采用凝胶注模成型方法制备了多孔氧化铝陶瓷.研究了分散剂、球磨时间和固相含量对浆料粘度的影响以及造孔剂含量对多孔陶瓷性能的影响.结果表明:加入质量分数为2.5%的分散剂可制得低粘度、高固相含量的陶瓷浆料.成型后的坯体经1360℃烧结1h,可获得孔径分布均匀、高显气孔率及强度较高的产品.     

凝胶注模成型Yb:YAG透明陶瓷的微观结构和光学性能的研究

以共沉淀法制备的Yb:YAG粉体为原料,采用凝胶注模成型方法和真空烧结技术制备出了Yb:YAG透明陶瓷.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对素坯和陶瓷的微观形貌进行了表征.结果表明,凝胶注模成型工艺所得的素坯致密度高,均匀性好;陶瓷晶粒排列紧密,晶界清晰无杂相,平均晶粒尺寸约为20nm.得到的透明陶瓷样品光学质量较好,在1064nm处直线透过率达到77%.表明凝胶注模成型是一种用来制备Yb:YAG透明陶瓷的有效的成型方法.     

气体静压轴承用多孔SiC陶瓷的制备及静态性能

以α-SiC和β-SiC粉末为原料,羧甲基纤维素为造孔剂,制备了多孔SiC陶瓷.探讨了烧结温度、成型压力和造孔剂含量对SiC陶瓷的气孔率、显气孔率以及弯曲强度的影响,研究了用不同渗透率的多孔SiC陶瓷制备气体静压轴承的承载能力和静态刚度.结果表明:在高温下,β-SiC转变为α-SiC,同时,通过α-SiC的蒸发-凝聚过程实现了SiC陶瓷的烧结,并形成无收缩自结合结构;试样的气孔率和显气孔率随烧结温度和成型压力的增加而略有降低,但弯曲强度却增大;造孔剂含量越高,试样的气孔率和显气孔率越大,弯曲强度越低.添加质量分数为10%的造孔剂,经250MPa冷等静压成型,在2 400℃下制备的试样气孔率和显气孔率分别为28.91%和24.03%,渗透率为7.74×10-13 m2,弯曲强度为63.8MPa.因此,多孔SiC陶瓷的渗透率越低,利用它制备的气体静压轴承的承载能力越低,静态刚度就越高.     

层状多孔Al2O3/ZrO2陶瓷热机械行为研究

采取凝胶注模工艺层层沉积制备梯度氧化铝/氧化锆多孔陶瓷,研究了层状多孔氧化铝/氧化锆陶瓷的抗热震行为.研究结果表明,同单层多孔陶瓷相比,层状多孔陶瓷表现出更加优良的抗热震性能.临界抗热震温差由气孔率为32%的单层结构的300℃上升到层状结构的500℃,且层状结构多孔陶瓷在温差高达1100℃淬火后剩余强度为30MPa,而单层陶瓷在温差800℃淬火后仅为20MPa.     

HA-TCP/壳聚糖多孔生物材料的凝胶注模研究

采用凝胶注模成形工艺制备了HA-TCP/壳聚糖多孔生物材料,通过改变单体和复合粉体的不同配比,来比较复合材料的综合性能.结果表明:用偶联剂改性HA-TCP后采用凝胶注模法成型制备HA-TCP/CS多孔生物材料,试样的形状容易控制,可以通过调整凝胶时的单体含量来控制抗压强度,其值约为60MPa左右,也可控制孔隙率,其值约为70%左右,孔隙多为微孔直径约在10μm.     

锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷材料凝胶注模成型

为制备凝胶注模成型所需的高固相低粘度的锆钛酸铅陶瓷浆料,分别用分散剂聚甲基丙烯酸铵和柠檬酸三铵进行试验.研究了分散剂聚甲基丙烯酸铵、浆料pH值和固相含量对浆料粘度的影响,实验结果表明该分散剂最佳用量为陶瓷粉体质量分数0.30%~0.45%、浆料最佳pH值8.5~11.0,此时可制备体积分数50%、粘度小于1 Pa.s,适于凝胶注模的稳定锆钛酸铅浆料.其中当分散剂质量分数为0.30%时,烧结陶瓷有较好的微观结构.同时,对干压成型中不同粘合剂的作用效果进行了比较.     

低温烧结法制备Al2O3多孔陶瓷及性能研究

为降低氧化铝粉体合成温度、缩短反应时间,采用低温燃烧法合成了氧化铝粉体,并将粉体进一步制备成多孔氧化铝陶瓷.具体实验过程为:将滤纸浸渍在Al3+浓度不同的前驱体溶液中,在马弗炉中干燥和引燃滤纸;用H2 O2溶液处理低温燃烧合成的粉体,再将制备的粉体压制成型后于不同温度下烧结.研究了溶液中Al3+浓度和烧结温度对多孔氧化铝陶瓷的显气孔率、维氏硬度和气孔孔径的影响规律.实验结果表明:随溶液中Al3+浓度的增加,多孔氧化铝陶瓷的显气孔率和吸水率增加,氧化铝晶粒尺寸略有增大,维氏硬度降低;随烧结温度的升高,多孔氧化铝陶瓷的吸水率、显气孔率和维氏硬度皆呈下降趋势.     

ZrO_2对堇青石多孔陶瓷吸水率和显气孔率的影响

采用活性炭和淀粉作造孔剂,ZrO2作添加剂,经湿混、干燥、造粒、成型和烧成制备堇青石多孔陶瓷.通过X射线衍射和陶瓷吸水率测定仪对堇青石多孔陶瓷的物相组成、吸水率和显气孔率进行了表征.实验结果表明:用10%活性炭和5%可溶性淀粉作造孔剂,添加1.0%的ZrO2,在1250℃下制得的堇青石多孔陶瓷的吸水率和显气孔率最高,分别为49.96%和39.89%。     

精细陶瓷胶态成型新工艺

由于陶瓷的传统成型技术已经不能满足现代各工业领域的要求，新的成型工艺不断涌现。本文综述了精细陶瓷各种胶态成型方法，比较了它们的特点。重点介绍了近年来出现的四种净尺寸胶态成型方法，即凝胶注模成型，胶态振动注模成型，直接凝固注模成型，温度诱导絮凝成型。     

凝胶注模-离心成型工艺制备孔梯度陶瓷

选用Al2O3粉体和单体为N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA)的聚合体系配成浆料,结合凝胶注模和离心成型工艺的优点,制备出直径分别为12、18、30mm的具有一次成型孔梯度结构的管式Al2O3陶瓷坯体.采用扫描电镜(SEM)和压汞法对烧结后的试样进行了表征.结果表明:凝胶注模工艺的应用能有效降低离心过程所需要的离心速度,同时使坯体具有较高的强度而不易变形且脱模容易.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to