融合地图信息与WiFi地标的室内粒子滤波定位算法

目前行人航迹推算(pedestrian dead reckoning,PDR)和WiFi指纹定位成为室内定位的主流技术,WiFi指纹定位由于无线信号的波动性导致定位结果不稳定,PDR算法随着应用时间的延长传感器累计误差增大,同样会导致定位精度降低。本研究提出一种基于地图信息的粒子滤波(particle filter,PF)与WiFi地标相结合的混合定位算法(WL+PF)。该算法通过地图信息约束粒子的位置,同时利用WiFi信号峰值检测相应地标信息,对观测信息修正的同时,更新粒子权重,从而实现最终的定位。实验结果表明,优化后的算法定位精度优于其他常规滤波融合定位算法。     

基于行人航位推算的后向地磁匹配算法

针对行人航位推算(pedestrian dead reckoning,PDR)定位存在误差累积和智能手机内置传感器精度不高的问题,采用PDR结合地磁的方法进行室内定位研究,提出一种改进的基于PDR的后向地磁匹配算法.在构建地磁基准库阶段,使用克里金插值算法有效减少数据采集所耗费的大量时间并构建出双分辨率地磁基准库.在地磁匹配阶段,改进了基于动态时间规整(dynamic time warping,DTW)的后向地磁匹配算法,改进后的算法避免传统DTW地磁匹配需要全局搜索地磁序列的缺点,在保证定位精度的前提下,增强了定位实时性.实验结果表明,本文算法最大定位误差小于1.5m,可以满足普通室内定位需求.     

基于压缩感知的室内定位系统的定位性能分析

随着Wi-Fi技术的普及,Wi-Fi室内定位技术也越来越受到关注。压缩感知(compressive sensing, CS)技术被提出应用于Wi-Fi室内定位,为了研究各类CS算法在室内定位系统中的定位性能,构建出一套基于CS算法的室内位置指纹定位系统。在离线阶段采集数据并构建指纹库,在在线定位阶段采用不同压缩感知算法比较各类算法的定位性能。实验结果表明,设备朝向包含多方向,参考点数据量越多时定位性能更优;CS的算法参数会影响定位性能;在设定的实验环境下,压缩感知中的分段弱正交匹配追踪(stage-wise weak orthogonal matching pursuit, SWOMP)算法的定位精度比K最近邻算法(k-nearest neighbor, KNN)优21.9%;在各类压缩感知算法中,正交匹配追踪(orthogonal matching pursuit, OMP)相较于其他CS算法表现较差,并且这种差距随参考点数据量的增多而愈加明显。     

激光雷达和行人航迹推算融合的室内目标定位方法

激光雷达(LiDAR)在室内定位中具有抗干扰能力强,速度、角和距离分辨率高等优点,但在定位过程中其精度易受环境因素干扰影响。本文提出一种LiDAR和PDR融合的室内定位方法,以扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)为基础,通过对LiDAR的位移增量、角度观测值以及PDR的位姿信息等量测值进行解算,令二者互补融合,有效抑制非视距影响和误差累积的问题,并对单一类组合算法和融合类组合算法的定位精度进行对比分析。实验结果表明：当室内人员为行走状态时,LiDAR和PDR融合定位算法较单一定位方法在精度和稳定性均有效提高,PDR定位误差为0.98m,LiDAR定位误差为0.6m,EKF滤波融合后定位误差可以下降到0.32m。     

基于加权极速学习机室内高动态环境的定位算法

随着人们对室内基于位置服务的需求越来越大,室内定位的研究变得越来越重要.Wi-Fi由于其传输距离适中,在智慧城市发展的推动下,热点的覆盖也非常多.因此基于Wi-Fi的定位技术成为众多室内定位技术中最具有可行性的.面对室内无线环境高动态变化的情况,提出了基于加权极速学习机(W-ELM)的定位方法,实验证明该方法能够有效提高定位精度.     

一种基于MEMS惯性传感器室内行人航位推算算法

在室内行人定位中,行人航位推算 (Pedestrian Dead Reckoning, PDR)由于不需要外部辅助信息,而被广泛应用。针对传统室内PDR存在步长局限性等问题,提出了一种基于微机械电子系统(Micro Electro Mechanical System, MEMS)传感器的行人航位自适应拟合推算算法。该算法选用六位置法和卡尔曼滤波器(Kalman Filter, KF)作为对加速度计和陀螺仪原始数据误差处理方案。通过过零检测和步态短时不变性计算脚的运动状态,并结合加速度自适应拟合行进距离,最后利用位置推算解算行人的运动轨迹。仿真结果表明,该算法在95 m运动距离内,最大误差不超1.5 m,具有良好精确性和灵活性,适用于实际的室内行人定位。     

一种基于微机械电子系统惯性传感器室内行人航位推算算法

在室内行人定位中,行人航位推算(pedestrian dead reckoning,PDR)由于不需要外部辅助信息,而被广泛应用。针对传统室内PDR存在步长局限性等问题,提出了一种基于微机械电子系统(micro electro mechanical system,MEMS)传感器的行人航位自适应拟合推算算法。该算法选用六位置法和卡尔曼滤波器(Kalman filter,KF)作为对加速度计和陀螺仪原始数据误差处理方案。通过过零检测和步态短时不变性计算脚的运动状态;并结合加速度自适应拟合行进距离,最后利用位置推算解算行人的运动轨迹。仿真结果表明,该算法在95 m运动距离内,最大误差不超1.5 m,具有良好精确性和灵活性,适用于实际的室内行人定位。     

RFID技术在移动机器人同步定位中的应用

提出了一种用于室内移动机器人的同步定位算法.该算法利用射频识别(RFID)系统,将RFID标签实现的无线传感器网络与SLAM算法结合,依据RFID阅读器获得的标签数据对机器人定位.实验证明:基于RFID系统的定位算法在2维环境中能有效地对机器人进行定位和跟踪.     

基于众包校正的多源融合室内定位算法

为了提高室内定位算法的精度，本文融合Wi-Fi和蓝牙两种信号源，提出了一种结合粗定位和众包校正的适用于多用户环境的室内定位算法。该定位算法分为离线和在线两个阶段，离线阶段的主要任务是构建多个指纹库，在线阶段的主要任务是进行粗定位和众包校正。粗定位分别利用Wi-Fi接收信号强度指示和蓝牙接收信号强度指示计算用户的粗略位置和用户间的距离；众包校正包括聚类校正和虚拟空间校正两个部分，它利用用户间的距离和用户组的位置分布提高定位精度。在UJIIndoorLoc和IPIN2017-CAR数据集上进行验证，实验结果表明，提出的定位算法将平均定位误差分别降至4.96 m和4.35 m。     

基于iBeacon和多自由度MEMS的室内融合定位技术研究

由于GPS信号在室内环境下不能有效地实现定位和导航,因此精确的室内定位技术仍然是一个十分活跃的研究课题。行人航迹推算(PDR)可以使用智能手机的自带传感器实现室内连续定位。然而,它会随着行走距离的变长产生很大的累计误差。因此,提出一种基于iBeacon和手机MEMS相融合的精确的室内定位方法。在行走路径上加入iBeacon信标和二维码信标,系统自适应地选择相应的校正模式纠正PDR算法产生的累计误差。最后完成了基于Android平台的室内定位软件的开发。实验结果显示,文中方法的定位结果与PDR定位结果相比较,定位精度有了显著的提高,融合定位的平均误差在2m以内,定位精度满足项目需要。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.