Lukasiewicz多值逻辑系统中的相似度及伪距离

逻辑度量空间是近似推理的重要框架。文中在文献中提出的公式集F(S)上相似度的基础上给出了另外两种相似度，讨论了其性质，证明了这两种相似度导出的距离也是F(S)上的伪距离。同时研究了这两个伪距离空间的重要性质，并得到了3种伪距离的比例关系，为推理程度的数值化提供了依据。     

计算两个凸多面体间距离的一个新算法

文章讨论了计算两个凸多面体间的距离的问题。首先分析了不相交凸多面体间的距离的特点，证明了该距离恰是其公垂线段的长度，再利用正交投影把确定此距离转化为一个优化问题。给出了此优化问题的两种解法——5变量的线性观划算法和2变量的区域搜索算法，并对计算复杂性进行了分析。该方法的优点是存储量小，只需存储凸多面体的顶点信息，并可推广来确定移动凸多面体间的距离及一个凸多面体的最大(小)跨度。     

命题逻辑公式集上的正则相似关系

研究了命题逻辑公式集（F(S））上的正则相似关系。在经典二值命题逻辑中引入了正则相似度概念，利用公式的真度概念给出了一种正则相似度，进而导出了全体公式集上一种伪距离，并且证明了它与另外两种伪距离是等价的。     

模糊谓词逻辑公式的有限和可数解释真度理论

提出了模糊谓词逻辑公式的有限解释真度和可数解释真度的概念，并讨论了它们的一系列性质．从而为引进公式间的相似度概念、导出全体公式集上的一种伪距离提供了依据，进而为模糊谓词逻辑的近似推理理论提供了一种可能的框架．     

标准序列逻辑系统S3中的相似度及伪距离

在三值标准序列逻辑系统中引入了公式的真度概念,并利用真度定义了公式间的相似度,进而导出全体公式集上的一种伪距离,证明了伪距离空间中没有孤立点,从而可以考虑用一列公式去逼近某个公式,这就为进一步在三值标准序列逻辑系统中展开近似推理奠定了基础。     

集值随机分析中的完备性问题

定义了一个由可料紧凸集值随机过程构成的空间和两个可料紧凸集值随机过程的距离,并给出了两随机过程相等的条件,由此空间以及定义在其上的距离,构造了一个度量空间,并证明了这个度量空间是完备的。进而给出了一个由平方可积紧凸集值鞅构成的度量空间,说明了这个空间也是完备的。它们对集值随机过程的进一步研究将起到一定的作用。     

几种常见分布的Kullback-Leibler距离

研究了两密度函数Kullback-Leibler距离,计算了几种常见分布的Kullback-Leibler距离,得到了几个简单的距离公式.     

图的着色与分类

本文给出了两组新的４类子集簇,并给出几个距离集Ｄ是３类子集的充分条件。     

一类n值命题逻辑系统中改进的相似度及伪距离

基于均匀概率空间的无穷乘积在一类n值命题逻辑系统中定义了公式的真度,并利用真度给出一种改进了的相似度定义,进而导出全体公式集F(S)上的一种伪距离,最后讨论了相似度及伪距离的重要性质.     

强分离定理及近渡点的一些性质

研究了Ｇ对Ｆ的近渡点（ｎｅａｒｅｓｔ－ｃｒｏｓ ｐｏｉｎｔ，简称为ｎ．ｃ．）的一些性质，这时Ｆ，Ｇ是不交凸集，而要建立这些定理，需要带距离性的一些强分离定理。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-