［Ag_2（α－Ph_2PPy）_2］_2（NO_3）_4的合成和晶体结构

ＡｇＮＯ＿３和ａ－ｐｈ＿２ｐｐｙ，（ａ－（Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿５）＿２Ｐ（ＮＣ＿５Ｈ＿５））在加有少量Ｈ＿２Ｏ＿２和ＮａＯＨ的Ｃ＿２Ｈ＿５ＯＨ水溶液中反应生成标题化合物的灰黑色晶体。属四方晶系，空间群Ｐ４＿１，ａ＝１．３００ｎｍ，Ｃ＝４．０７６ｎｍ，ｖ＝６．８８４ｎｍ￣３，Ｚ＝８，Ｄ＿ｃ＝１．６７ｇｃｍ￣（－３），Ｒ＝０．０５９，ｒ＿ω＝０．０７２．每一不对称单元中存在二套独立而结构基本相同的［Ａｇ＿２（ａ－ｐｈ＿２ＰＰｙ）＿２］￣２＋，它的二个Ａｇ原子和二个ａ－ｐｈ＿２ＰＰｙ中－Ｎ－Ｃ－Ｐ－桥的Ｎ，Ｐ原子联接成为一个稳定非共面八员环，而环内Ａｇ，Ａｇ间距分别是０．３１４，０．３ｌ０（ｎｍ），均未成键。不对称单元中的二个八员环通过的Ｏ原子与环上Ａｇ原子的弱成键而具有结构联系。环内还出现了罕见的三配位Ａｇ原子。     

二氧四－2，2＇－联吡啶合二锰（Ⅲ，Ⅳ）高氯酸盐三水合物的晶体结构测定

本文报道标题化合物［（ｂｐｙ）＿２Ｍｎ（μ－０）＿２Ｍｎ（ｂｐｙ）＿２］（ＣｌＯ＿１）＿３·３Ｈ＿２Ｏ（ｂｐｙ＝２，２＇－ｂｉｐｙｒｉｄｉｎｅ）的晶体结构重新测定的精确结果．该化合物的晶体属单斜晶系，空间群为Ｐ２＿１／ｃ（Ｎｏ．１４），ａ＝１．３８９３（５），　ｂ＝１．３９８７（４），ｃ＝２．４３１７（９）ｎｍ，β＝１０３．６１（３）°，Ｕ＝４．５９８（２）ｎｍ￣３，Ｍｒ＝９．１，Ｚ＝４，Ｄ＿ｃ＝１．６１８ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），μ＝８．１ｃｍ￣（－１），对４０３２独立可观察衍射数据进行修正，最后偏离因子Ｒ＿Ｆ＝０．０６９，结果表明，该双核化合物中的两个不同价态的锰（Ⅲ，Ⅳ）离子在晶体中完全可区分．本工作的结构数据与文献值有较明显的区别．     

雷公藤内酯甲和异雷公藤内脂甲共结晶的晶体结构

雷公藤酯甲和异雷公藤酯甲共结晶的晶体结构被直接法测定。晶体的空间群为Ｐ２１２１２１晶胞参数α＝１．２９９（３）ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．５９００（３）ｎｍ，ｃ＝１．１１４３（３）ｎｍ，Ｖｃ＝２．５３３（１）ｎｍ３；Ｚ＝４，Ｄｃ＝１．１９ｇ／ｃｍ３，Ｆ（０００）＝１０００，μ（Ｍｏ－ｋａ）＝０．６９ｃｍ－１用Ⅰ≥３σ（Ⅰ）的１６８１个反射修正结构，最后的Ｒ＝０．０６６．晶体中２种分子是由于Ｃ３－Ｏ３α型和Ｃ３－Ｏ３β型的不同，它们采用统计分布。     

双N－氧化吡啶－2－甲醛缩丙二胺合锌配合物的合成、晶体结构和分子结构

本文报道了双Ｎ－氧化吡啶－２－甲醛缩丙二胺合锌配合物的合成、晶体结构和分子结沟．化合物晶体为正交晶系，空间群Ｐ＿ｎａｍ；晶胞参数ａ＝０．７１４５（８）ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．３７１６（７）ｎｍ，ｃ＝２．２５２７（６）ｎｍ，Ｚ＝４．结构参数经块矩阵最小二乘法精修后，最终一致性因子Ｒ＝０．０７８，Ｒ＿Ｗ＝０．０７１．采用ＥＨＭＯ方法分析了配合物的电子结构和分子轨道，阐明了红外光谱中Ｃ＝Ｎ扣Ｎ一Ｏ振动峰的移动和配合物的成键特性．     

呋喃醛缩氨基硫脲腙的合成和结构测定

使用化学纯的糠醛和氨基硫脲，在少量冰醋酸的催化下，缩合反应生成呋喃醛缩氨基硫脲腙Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿７Ｎ３ＯＳ，Ｍ＿ｒ＝１６９．２１，单斜晶系，空间群Ｐ２＿１／ｎ，ａ＝１．３５０　６（３），ｂ＝０．５６５６（５），Ｃ＝２．１０２３（２）ｎｍ，β＝９７．４３°（３），Ｖ＝１．５９２６ｎｍ￣３，Ｚ＝８，Ｄ＿ｘ＝１．４１１ｇ／ｃｍ￣３λ（Ｍ＿Ｏｋａ＝０．０７１０７３ｎｍ），μ＝３．３４８ｃｍ￣（－１），Ｆ（０００）＝７０４．８５０可观察独立反射（Ｉ＞３σ（Ｉ）使结构解出并精修到Ｒ＝０．０５３，Ｒｗ＝０．０５０，Δ／σ＝０．１４，单位权重观察值的最大误差为１．１６９．不对称单位含有二个非结晶学对称相关的独立分子，分子构型存在较大差异．缩合反应发生在杂环羰基和氨基硫脲分子中的肼基－ＮＨＮＨ＿２上，酸催化可以加速缩合反应，获得较高的产率．     

TmxY1—xAl3（BO3）4晶体生长和光谱特性

用Ｋ２Ｍｏ３Ｏ１０－Ｂ２Ｏ３作助熔剂，采用缓慢降温自发成核的方法，生长了稀土四硼酸盐晶体ＴｍｘＹ１－ｘＡｌ３（ＢＯ３）４（简称ＴＹＡＢ），晶体尺寸为８×６×５ｍｍ３．对所获得晶体进行Ｘ射线结构分析，表明ＴＹＡＢ晶体属三方晶系，晶胞参数ａ＝９．２３７，ｃ＝７．１９２．测定了该晶体室温下的红外光谱、反射光谱、激发光谱及荧光光谱，当用２６１ｎｍ波长激发时，可产生３４５ｎｍ（３Ｐ０→３Ｈ４）蓝紫色及４５０ｎｍ（１Ｄ２→３Ｈ４）蓝绿色的荧光发射     

配合物Eu（P—MOBA）3bpy的晶体结构

在乙醇溶液中合成了对甲氧基苯甲酸－２，２′－联吡啶铕配合物的晶体，用ｘ－射线衍射方法测定了配合物的单晶结构，其结构式为Ｅｕ２（Ｐ－ＭＯＢＡ）６（ｂｐｙ）２Ｃ２Ｈ５ＯＨ（Ｐ－ＭＯＢＡ：对甲氧基苯甲酸根离子；ｂｐｙ；２，２′联吡啶），属三斜晶系ＰＴ空间群，晶胞参数；ａ＝１４８２（３）ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．３９０１（２）ｎｍ，ｃ＝１．０９４８（２）ｎｍ；α＝１０３．６３（１）＾０，β＝９２．６７（２）６０，γ＝     

CdI2与TSC加成物的合成及结构

ＣｄＩ２与ＴＳＣ在丙酮溶剂及水中形成加成物ＣｄＩ２（Ｃ４Ｈ１０Ｎ３Ｓ）２·Ｈ２Ｏ,晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为Ｐ２１／ｍ．晶胞参数为ａ＝０．７５３３（３）ｎｍ,ｂ＝１．５３５（２）ｎｍ,ｃ＝０．８４３７（２）ｎｍ,β＝９０．９１（３）°,ｖ＝０．９７６（１）ｎｍ３,Ｍｒ＝６４８．６４,Ｚ＝２,Ｄｃ＝２．２０ｇ·ｃｍ－３,μ（ＣｕＫα）＝４４．５８ｃｍ－１,Ｆ（０００）＝６０８,Ｔ＝２９７Ｋ．用１６２２个Ｉ≥３σ（Ｉ）独立衍射精修结构,最终偏差因子Ｒ＝０．０５７,晶体中存在分离的单核络合物ＣｄＩ２（Ｃ４Ｈ１０Ｎ３Ｓ）２·Ｈ２Ｏ,Ｃｄ原子呈畸变四面体配位．两个Ｃｄ－Ｉ和Ｃｄ－Ｓ键长分别为０．２７３０ｎｍ,０．２７４３ｎｍ和０．２５７５ｎｍ．     

稀土金属镱及钇苦味酸盐与苯并15冠5配合物的晶体和分子结构

标题化合物Ｙｂ（Ｐｉ）＿３（Ｂｌ５Ｃ５）＿２·２Ｈ＿２Ｏ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ（Ｉ）及Ｙ（Ｐｉ）＿３（Ｂｌ５Ｃ５）＿２·２Ｈ＿２Ｏ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ（Ⅱ）为同晶结构，均为３斜晶系，空间群为Ｐ－对晶体（Ｉ），ａ＝１２．７５３（１）Ａ，ｂ＝１３．８１０（２）Ａ．ｃ＝１９．６０９（２）Ａ，α＝８１．３７（３）°，β＝７１．５８（３）°，γ＝７０．７１（２）°，Ｚ＝２．Ｄ＿ｃ＝１．４６８ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），μ＝１５．９２８ｃｍ￣（－１）（ＭｏＫα），Ｍ＿ｒ＝１４７１，０４，Ｆ（０００）＝７４５，Ｒ＝０．０３１，Ｒ＿ｗ＝０．０３９；对晶体（Ⅱ），α＝１２．７８５（１）Ａ，ｂ＝１３．８５０（３）Ａ，ｃ＝１９．５７１（２）Ａ，α＝８１．０５（３）°，β＝７０．９２（２）°，γ＝７０．６２（３）°，Ｚ＝２，Ｄｃ＝ｌ．４８５ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），μ＝１０．４４１ｃｍ￣（－１）（ＭｏＫα），Ｍ＿ｒ＝１３８６．９ｌ，Ｆ（０００）＝７ｌ４，Ｒ＝０．０６５，Ｒ＿ｗ＝０．０７８．测定结果表明，中心稀土离子Ｙｂ￣（３＋）（或Ｙ￣（３＋）直接与３个苦味酸阴离子和２个水分子配位，此水化镱（或钇）苦味酸盐通过水桥氢键与冠醚Ｂｌ５Ｃ５相联而形成一个大的疏水性     

(C_9H_8N)_2[MoO(S_2C_2(CN)_2)_3]·2H_2O的晶体和分子结构

（Ｃ９Ｈ８Ｎ）２［Ｍ０Ｏ（Ｓ２Ｃ２（ＣＮ）２）３］．２Ｈ２Ｏ晶体属于三斜晶系，空间群Ｐ， 晶胞参数：ａ＝ １１．３０５（６），ｂ＝１４．３８４（３），ｃ＝１４．２７８（３）Ａ，ａ＝５６．８６（２），β＝１１４．１１（２），ｙ＝１１１．１２（３） ｐ０ｂｓ＝１．６５４克／厘米３，Ｚ＝２（ρｃａｌｃ＝１．５７６克／厘米３）．晶体结构用Ｐａｔｔｅｒｓｏｎ函数法和Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｓ 合成法解出，经全矩阵最小二乘方精修，偏离因子Ｒ＝０．０４７．结构分析结果说明Ｍｏ原子与三个配 位基的六个硫原子和一个端基氧形成扭歪五角双锥结构．结晶水与［Ｍｏ０（Ｓ２Ｃ２（ＣＮ）２）３］２－络阴 离子和喹啉阳离子之间存在Ｏ－Ｈ…Ｎ和Ｎ－Ｈ…Ｏ氢键。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to