AFLP分子标记在鉴定海滨锦葵杂交后代上的应用

海滨锦葵是较好的食用和工业利用的盐生经济植物。用 AFLP分子标记对海滨锦葵两对杂交亲本的36个F1 代个体的真伪进行了鉴定。18个AFLP引物对在亲本Hy103×Hh182间扩增出1 100条AFLP带,其中108条是多态带(多态率为9.82%);在亲本Slhy353×Blho301间扩增出1 181个AFLP条带,其中148条是多态带(多态率为12.51%)。实验结果表明:(1)引物对E AAC / M CTC在亲本Hy103×Hh182间扩增出5条父本特征带:401 bp,390 bp,156 bp,137 bp和108 bp,引物对 E AAG/M CTG则产生了7条:457 bp,356 bp,312 bp,251 bp,240 bp,190 bp和76 bp。父本特征带从Hy103×Hh182的8个F1 代个体均扩增出,表明其为真杂种;(2)引物对E AAC/M CTT在亲本 Slhy353×Blho301 间扩增出 5 条父本特征带:440 bp,393 bp,289 bp,162 bp和67 bp,引物对 E ACA/M CAT 则产生了 4 条: 448 bp, 360 bp, 217 bp和 145 bp;父本特征带从Slhy353×Blho301 28个F1 代个体中的26个个体上扩增出,表明其为真杂种,另外2个为假杂种。     

RAPD法探究百草枯对HepG2细胞基因组稳定性的影响

目的:探讨百草枯(PQ)处理对HepG2细胞基因组稳定性的影响.方法:采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)标记技术,选取20种随机引物分析PQ处理24h对HepG2细胞基因组稳定性的影响.结果:引物5’-GGAAGTCGCC-3’、5’-ACGCGCATGT-3’和5’-GAATCGGCCA-3’的扩增产物在正常组与7.21、10.67、15.78、22.36和34.57mg/L的PQ处理组间有较明显差异.其中,引物5’-GGAAGTCGCC-3’的2种扩增产物(约2 200和2 600bp)在所有PQ处理组均缺失;引物5’-ACGCGCATGT-3’的2种扩增产物(约250和1 200bp)在高于7.21mg/L的PQ处理组均发生缺失,1种扩增产物(约1 500bp)在34.57mg/L的PQ处理组发生缺失,另有2种扩增产物(约400和550bp)在34.57mg/L的PQ处理组含量较低;引物5’-GAATCGGCCA-3’有2种扩增产物(约900和1 900bp)在全部PQ处理组均缺失,另2种扩增产物(约530和560bp)新出现在各PQ处理组.结论PQ处理会破坏HepG2细胞基因组的完整性和稳定性.     

垃圾填埋场地下水污染预测与环境风险评价

为评价垃圾填埋场对周围环境的污染风险,在识别阜新垃圾填埋场主要风险物质及潜在环境风险事故类型的基础上,根据渗滤液污染地下水的幕景假设,建立对流-弥散-吸附-维水质风险模型,预测地下水污染情况,并采用健康风险评价模型评价环境风险。结果表明：该垃圾填埋场的主要风险物质是垃圾渗滤液和填埋气体;渗滤液污染地下水是该垃圾填埋场的最大可信事故;NH3-N、Hg、Fe和Mn在预测期的最大质量浓度均超过地下水Ⅲ类水质标准;阜新市垃圾填埋场渗滤液渗漏污染地下水属于可接受风险。该结果可为有效降低垃圾填埋场对周围环境的污染风险提供依据。     

RB型硝胺发射药使用寿命实验研究

针对布鲁氏菌BCSP-31蛋白基因设计一对引物,优化反应条件,对布鲁氏菌属6个代表菌株以及与布鲁氏菌有交叉反应的对照菌株进行扩增,结果能够对布鲁氏菌属6个代表菌株进行很好扩增,扩增片段大小为223bp,而对照菌株不能扩增,使用该方法最低可以检测20个细菌.     

杨树人工林土壤细菌DNA的提取与扩增

土壤微生物多样性反映土壤生态系统健康程度,对土壤养分循环发挥决定作用,并在很大程度上影响林地生产力.为研究人工林长期经营对土壤微生物多样性的影响,本研究以杨树人工林为研究对象,取连作林地根际和非根际土壤,采用MOBIO PowerSoil DNA Isolation kit试剂盒提取土壤中微生物基因组DNA,并进行16S rDNA V3区扩增.结果表明:6种杨树人工林土壤中均能提取出微生物基因组DNA,基因组DNA片段大于2 000 bp,且DNA带型清晰完整,无明显降解,为后续土壤细菌的PCR扩增提供了良好模板;6种土壤基因组DNA在电泳图中的亮度不一,其中Ⅰ代林根际土壤(B3)微生物DNA条带最亮,Ⅲ代林非根际土壤(FB18)微生物DNA条带亮度最弱,经检测,B3样品DNA含量约为6.9 ng·cm-3,而FB18仅有2.0 ng·cm-3左右;选用27F/1492R和F338-GC/R518两对引物,采用巢式PCR策略,成功扩增出杨树人工林土壤细菌16S rDNA V3区DNA,片段大小为220 bp左右.     

上海市垃圾填埋场土壤特性研究

通过分层采样的方法,对上海八大垃圾填埋场土壤的物理性质、营养状况及重金属的污染状况进行了测定分析。结果表明:各垃圾填埋场填埋年限越长垃圾粒径越小;各垃圾填埋场均存在土壤紧实、通气性差的现象;土壤偏碱性,但不存在盐害现象。填埋场垃圾层中有机质和全N含量高于覆土层,且高于我国养分标准的一般水平,但全P含量有所不同,除共和新村外,各垃圾填埋场中全P含量均较高。就重金属而言,各垃圾填埋场As、Cd和Zn的含量较高,其分别是土壤环境质量Ⅲ级标准的5.35～12.95倍、1.75～8倍和2.76～4.79倍;通过主成分分析表明,有3个因子可以解释其来源的92.08%。     

利用小麦微卫星引物建立黑麦特异标记及其局限性

用50对小麦SSR引物对13种黑麦基因组DNA进行扩增,只有Xgwm232,Xgwm260,Xgwm644这3对小麦SSR引物能扩增出黑麦特异的片段．这些黑麦特异片段主要集中在500bp,600bp,800bp和1000bp左右,并包含了启动子区域．然而这3对SSR引物都不能从所有13种黑麦中扩增出黑麦特异条带．这一结果表明尽管利用小麦微卫星引物能够开发黑麦特异DNA标记,但这类标记不是对所有黑麦都适用．利用某一物种的微卫星引物开发其近缘种属的特异DNA标记虽然可行,但不一定具有通用性．     

垃圾填埋场复杂松散多相介质相关力学机制研究

将垃圾填埋场中介质视为复杂松散多相介质 ,以多孔介质理论为基础 ,对垃圾填埋场垃圾散体的微环境、孔隙性和压缩性进行了阐述 ,重点分析了垃圾填埋场固结沉降的组成、渗虑液在垃圾散体中的流动和沉降产生机理 ,一定程度上揭示了垃圾填埋场宏观力学现象和介质微观特性之间的强关联机制。     

生活垃圾渗滤液中镉的测定及分析

采用湿法消解对垃圾渗滤液样品进行预处理,通过火焰原子吸收分光光度法对生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液试样中的离子进行测定,对镉污染程度进行分析,以了解垃圾填埋场中垃圾渗滤液的镉质量浓度,为发展中城市的环境污染治理问题提供可参考的信息.采用此方法测定的垃圾渗滤液中镉质量浓度为0.011 88mg/L,远低于国家限定标准0.10mg/L.     

花椰菜自交不亲和性的分子标记研究

运用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)和inter-简单重复序列(ISSR)等分子标记技术。分别对5组花椰菜自交不亲和系和对应的自交亲和系的基因组进行指纹差异分析．采用10个10mer随机引物和5个ISSR引物进行PCR扩增。结果表明．扩增片段分子量在0．3～5kb之间，指纹图谱的稳定性和重复性较好．经过3次以上重复发现，ISSR4引物扩增图谱中。自交亲和系比不亲和系多扩增出3800bp片段；ISSR6引物扩增图谱中。除第3组外，不亲和系比亲和系多扩增出1100bp片段．结果表明．花椰菜自交不亲和系与自交系基因组DNA之间存在差异．扩增出的差异片段与花椰菜自交不亲和性相关。并可作为自交不亲和系和自交亲和系育种筛选的分子标记．初步探讨了花椰菜自交不亲和性的遗传机制及RAPD和ISSR技术在自交不亲和系选育过程中的应用前景．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.