双波长HPLC-荧光法同时测定褪黑素和维生素B6

建立了双波长高效液相色谱-荧光检测器同时检测保健品中褪黑素和维生素B6含量的方法.考察了不同超声时间、清洗次数对保健品中褪黑素和维生素B6溶出量的影响,并对色谱条件进行了优化.采用Inertsil-100A C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(65∶35,体积比)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃,进样量10μL.采用双波长法,0～4 min,λ_(ex)=332 nm,λ_(em)=397 nm;4 min后,λ_(ex)=286 nm,λ_(em)=352 nm.在优化的样品预处理条件、色谱条件下,维生素B6和褪黑素分别在0.1～100μg/L和1.0～1 000μg/L内线性关系良好(r≥0.998),最低检出限分别为3×10~(-3)μg/L和3×10~(-2)μg/L;定量限分别为1×10~(-2)μg/L和1×10~(-1)μg/L,平均回收率分别为99.07%和97.97%(n=3),相对标准偏差为0.04%～0.98%.本方法检测快速,灵敏,重现性较好,可用于保健品中褪黑素和维生素B6的同时测定以及市售保健品的质量控制.     

苹果中绿原酸含量的HPLC法测定

建立了高效液相色谱法对苹果中绿原酸含量的测定方法,采用AichromBond-1AQ C18色谱柱(150×4.6mm,5μm),流动相:0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈(92:8,V/V),流速0.8mL/min,检测波长:323nm。结果显示:绿原酸在浓度为0.268-67μg/mL范围内,线性关系良好(Y=38286X-4391.2,r=0.9991),检测限为0.804ng,定量限为2.68ng;精密度(RSD)为1.67%,平均回收率为101.7%～103.6%;经测定几种苹果果皮和果肉中绿原酸的含量分别在20.32～45.98μg/g和63.47～114.32μg/g。因此,本法简便,结果准确,可作为苹果中绿原酸含量研究的良好方法。     

线性扫描极谱法连续测定红菇中的铜、镉、锌

在0.4mol·L-1 NH3·H2O-NH4Cl缓冲溶液中(pH=9.19),用线性扫描极谱法连续测定了红菇中Cu、Cd、Zn三种微量元素的含量.研究结果表明:Cu2 、Cd2 、Zn2 的峰电位分别为-0.45V(vs·SCE)、-0.79V(vs·SCE)、-1.33V(vs·SCE);线性范围分别为1.3×10-5～1.5×10-4 mol·L-1、2.5×10-5～5.0×10-4mol·L-1、2.5×10-5～5.0×10-4mol·L-1;检出限分别为0.006μg/mL、0.005μg/mL、0.006μg/mL,回收率分别为97.0～100.5%、98.4～102.0%、96.5～102.6%.此方法准确、简便、快速、灵敏度高.     

高效液相色谱法测定畜禽肉中磷脂酰胆碱的含量

应用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定畜禽肉中磷脂酰胆碱含量。以Intertsil SIL硅胶柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)为分离柱,甲醇∶水(85∶15,V∶V)为流动相等度洗脱,流速1.5ml/min,柱温为室温,用紫外检测器在206nm处对磷脂酰胆碱进行测定。测得磷脂酰胆碱在0.5～1.92 mg/ml范围内线性关系良好(r2=0.9957),方法检测限为4.14μg/g,精密度为0.49%(n=5),回收率为89%～102%。该方法灵敏度高,重现性和稳定性比较好。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定蒙药复方述达格-4中三种黄酮类成分的含量

采用反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Diamosil C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),以甲醇(A)-0.5%磷酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱(0～20min,43%A;20～30min,43%A→61%A;30～60min,61%A),流速1.0mL·min-1检测波长为350nm,柱温30℃,进样量20μL,建立同时测定蒙药复方述达格-4中高良姜素、槲皮素、芦丁的高效液相色谱含量测定方法.结果表明高良姜素、槲皮素、芦丁的线性范围分别为1.06～10.6μg(r =0.9999),0.0276～0.276μg(r = 0.9999),0.0264～0.264μg(r = 0.9999);平均加样回收率(n = 6)分别为98.71%,97.66%,98.13%.本法准确、简便,具有良好的重复性.     

变波长HPLC法测定线叶菊中圣草酚和芹菜素的含量

建立变波长HPLC法测定线叶菊药材中圣草酚和芹菜素的含量。采用超声法以甲醇提取药材,以高效液相色谱法测定圣草酚和芹菜素的含量。色谱柱为AlltimaTM C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相以乙腈-水梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,变波长检测(0-58 min为290 nm,检测圣草酚; 58-100 min为340 nm,检测芹菜素),柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL。圣草酚和芹菜素的进样量线性范围分别为0.090～0.540μg(r=0.999 8)和0.046～0.276μg(r=0.999 9);检测限分别为0.12μg/mL和0.35μg/mL,定量限分别为0.36μg/mL和1.13μg/mL;精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD均小于3%;加样回收率分别为96.67%～102.95%(RSD=2.40%,n=6)和96.73%～99.36%(RSD=1.00%,n=6)。该方法简便可行,重复性好,可用于测定线叶菊中圣草酚和芹菜素的含量。     

HPLC法同时测定饲料添加剂中的双乙酸钠、丙酸钙、山梨酸钾和苯甲酸钠

建立了同时测定饲料添加剂中的双乙酸钠、丙酸钙、山梨酸钾和苯甲酸钠4种防腐剂的HPLC方法.使用Hypersil ODS C18反相色谱柱(5μm;250×4.6 mm),0.02 mol/L KH2PO4-甲醇(65∶35,V/V)为流动相,标准和样品的p H值为2.5,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为214 nm.柱温为25℃.结果表明:双乙酸钠在30~1 000μg/m L浓度范围内峰面积与浓度线性关系良好,平均回收率为91.8%;丙酸钙在50~2 000μg/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为87.5%;苯甲酸钠在3~300μg/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为92.3%;山梨酸钾在4~400μg/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为83.4%.双乙酸钠、丙酸钙、苯丙酸钠和山梨酸钾的检出限分别为6.3μg/m L,11.8μg/m L,0.1μg/m L和0.2μg/m L.     

HPLC法测定乌头须根中准格尔乌头胺和宋果灵的质量比

采用高效液相色谱法测定乌头须根中准格尔乌头胺和宋果灵两种生物碱类化合物的质量比.用Zorbax Extend-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm ODS,5μm)色谱柱,以V(甲醇)∶V(w(三乙胺)=0.1%)=6∶4为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长220nm,柱温25℃.结果表明:在选择的色谱条件下,两种生物碱类成分可实现基线分离,且线性范围宽(0.1~10.0μg),r2=0.999 8;平均加样回收率分别为99.8%和99.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.49%,1.46%(n=6),质量比分别为57.0,110.0μg/g.     

二氯甲烷液液萃取-超高压液相色谱法测定阿特拉津含量

采用二氯甲烷液液萃取-超高压液相色谱法测定阿特拉津的含量,确定的色谱条件是以甲醇-水溶液(60∶40)为流动相,检测波长225nm,流速为0.300 ml/min,柱温28℃,进样量5μl。方法的检出限为0.05μg/L,相对标准偏差为1.173%～1.874%,加标回收率在86.0%～100%,能够满足环境监测的测定要求,可以用于饮用水和水源水中阿特拉津的测定。     

RP-HPLC法测定艾纳香中艾纳香素和二氢黄酮醇含量

采用反相高效液相色谱法测定艾纳香中的艾纳香素和二氢黄酮醇含量。确定色谱条件为:色谱柱ZORBAXXDB-C18(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),流动相为V(甲醇)¨V(水)=60¨40,流速0.8ml/min,检测波长290nm,柱温为30℃。在此条件下,艾纳香素和二氢黄酮醇与其它组分得到良好的分离,艾纳香素的线性范围为0.0032～0.048μg/μl(r=0.9999),二氢黄酮醇的线性范围为0.0032～0.048μg/μl(r=0.9993);艾纳香素和二氢黄酮醇的精密度RSD(n=5)分别为1.08%和1.26%,平均回收率(n=5)达98.36%和97.86%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.