新疆南天山榆树沟层状杂岩体中的副麻粒岩：岩石学特征及…

在前人定为“层状堆积杂岩体的辉长岩单元”中发现了一套副变质中－基性麻粒岩。     

辽西建平变质杂岩中花岗岩类岩石的锆石蒸发年龄及其地质意义

建平变质杂岩是辽宁西都太古代最下部地质单元,是华北地台北缘麻粒岩相带的重要组成部分。它由少量连续性很差的表壳岩及大量的ＴＴＧ岩石和其他深成侵入体组成。采用单颗粒锆石Ｐｂ蒸发法对其中的ＴＴＧ岩石及其他侵入岩进行了年龄测定。结果表明：本区ＴＴＧ花岗质岩浆约于２５２１Ｍａ开始活动,并于２５００Ｍａ左右达到高峰,形成了大量的ＴＴＧ质侵入体（包括部分喷出岩）;紧随其后,本区发生强烈的高级变质变形事件,此事件约于２４８３～２４９０Ｍａ达到高峰,使得已形成的岩石变成麻粒岩、紫苏花岗岩及斜长紫苏花岗岩等;于２４７２Ｍａ就位的与退变质作用有关的后构造花岗岩标志着本区高级变质变形事件的结束。据此,可以推测建平变质杂岩可能形成于陆块形成后不久即发生大陆碰撞和地壳加厚的晚太古活动大陆边缘的环境中。     

南天山库尔干微地块时代探讨

南天山库尔干微地块由基底、盖层和动力变质混杂层组成。基底的岩性为结晶片岩、大理岩及变质杂砂岩夹层，同位素Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ年龄为６０６．３Ｍａ；盖层主要为炭质灰岩和灰岩夹泥砂岩，产有晚元古代的疑源类化石和微古植物碎片（如黑色大面膜片Ｂｒｏｃｈｏｌａｍｉｎａｒｉａｎｉｇｒｉｔａ）；动力变质混杂层主要为糜棱岩化大理岩。库尔干微地块为南天山中间地块的组成部分。     

中祁连地块东段元古宙基底湟源群沉积构造环境

通过对中祁连地块东段元古宙基底湟源群原岩建造及其地球化学特征的研究,认为：湟源群主要由各种千枚岩、片岩、变粒岩、大理岩、石英岩和斜长角闪岩等组成的中浅变质的表壳岩组合;其原岩为一套由陆源碎屑岩、不纯碳酸盐岩、中基性大山岩等组成的火山岩沉积岩组合;湟源群中变质沉积岩系中沉积韵律、沉积条带构造的广泛发育以及浊积层的存在等,指示了其原岩建造具有复理石或类复理石建造的特征;其中变质杂砂岩的地球化学特征类似于大陆岛弧或安底斯岛弧型杂砂岩的特征;湟源群变质中基性火山岩的地球化学特征类似于岛弧或活动大陆边缘的钙碱性火山岩的特征。经综合分析得出,湟源群沉积构造环境可能为陆缘弧后盆地且靠近大陆一侧。     

胶东群变质岩系

区内变质岩主要有六类：（１）片麻岩类（２）角闪岩石类（３）变粒岩及浅粒岩类（４）片岩类（５）矽卡岩类（６）大理岩类。经原岩恢复，分布最广的片麻岩类岩石为钙碱性火山岩系基性火山岩、火山凝灰岩及部分陆源碎屑杂砂岩；角门石岩类为成因复杂的富铁铁质火山岩。其它岩类大多为海相沉积岩石央少量火山凝灰岩。并利用Ａｕ／Ｐｄ讨论区内胶东群为脉状金矿形成的矿源层。对区内分布的动力变质岩及动力变质作用进行讨论，认识了韧性剪切作用形成的糜棱岩化花岗岩过程。     

矾山杂岩体中含磷铁矿层状岩系的韵律层

矾山杂岩体为环状中心型侵入体。由三期侵入岩组成。其中含磷矿及铁矿的第一期岩石为一套层状超镁铁岩系,包括辉石岩、黑云母辉石岩、伟晶状正长黑云母辉石岩、磁铁磷灰石岩、磷灰石岩及正长辉石岩等。层状岩系具良好的韵律层构造,每一分层具有地层单元的几何形态。这种现象可能是岩浆侵入后由于冷凝作用,特别是分离结晶作用造成的。笔者试图用“火成堆积”的某些术语和观点,描述和解释层状岩系成岩成矿的若干现象。本文讨论的层状岩系位于杂岩体东南部(图1)。     

辽西建平变质杂岩中花岗岩类岩石的锆石蒸发年龄及其？…

建平变岩杂岩是辽宁西部太古代最下部地质单元,是华北地台北缘麻粒岩相带的重要组成部分它由少量连续性很差的表壳岩及大量的ＴＴＧ岩石和其他深成侵入体组成。采用单颗粒锆石Ｐｂ函数法对其中的ＴＴＧ岩石及其他侵入岩进行了年龄测定。结果表明：本区ＴＴＧ花岗质夺浆约２５２１Ｍａ开始活动,并于２５００Ｍａ左右达到高峰,形成了大量的ＴＴＧ质侵入体（包括部分喷出岩）;紧随其后,本区发生强烈的高级变质变形事件,此事件约于     

广东平远花岗岩风化壳及其稀土成矿特征

以竹细塘和神背岩体为例，研究燕山晚期黑云母花岗岩的风化壳及其稀土成太特征。结果表明：风化壳剖面发育层状结构，自下而上，碎屑矿物减少，粘土矿物含量增加，活动组分（Ｋ２Ｏ，Ｎａ２Ｏ，ＣａＯ）减少，稳定组分（Ａｌ２Ｏ３，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，ＴｉＯ２）增加，风化壳中稀土分布总体上保持原岩特征，但各风化壳层中铈负异常均增加，铕和负异常消失乃至出现正异常；全风化壳的中下部稀土最为富集，稀土分布型式也变化最大；在全风化     

肃南县三岔沟—香台子一带含铁岩系的厘定——以LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石测年为依据

肃南县三岔沟—香台子一带广泛发育了一套浅变质的含铁岩系,岩石组合以板岩、千枚岩夹变质基性火山岩和铁矿层为主,已发现铁矿点多处,前人将其划分为下奥陶统。本次工作,在其变质石英砂岩夹层中根据LC-MCICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb测年,获得了岩石形成年代约1445±18Ma-1494±19Ma。在综合分析岩性特征、岩石组合、标志层、同位素年代学等成果基础上,将其重新厘定为长城纪桦树沟组。     

海南岛海西－印支期花岗岩和暗色包体的Sm－Nd同位素特征

海南岛花岗岩以海西－印支期巨型花岗岩岩基为主体，面积７０００ｋｍ２以上。花岗岩的εＮｄ（ｔ）为－１７．２至－５．１，Ｉｓｒ为０．７０８７，δ１８Ｏ平均值１０．６６，属壳源型岩基。但各别岩体的εＮｄ（ｔ）值和ｔＤＭ值均不同，反映其原岩成分的差异。花岗岩中，最大ｔＤＭ为１．８Ｇａ和１．７Ｇａ，与该区最古老变质岩中的变质火山岩Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ全岩等时线年龄１．７Ｇａ几乎一致，代表了该岛早期一次重要的地壳生长时期。花岗岩中暗色包体系残留体，具有低的εＮｄ（ｔ）值－１２．８至－１０．１５；εＳｒ（ｔ）值－８６至６；以及高的Ｓｍ／Ｎｄ值０．３８至０．５９，表明在花岗岩形成过程中熔体和残留体之间发生了较强的Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ分馏作用。     

Discovery of mantle and lower crust xenoliths from early Cretaceous volcanic rocks of southwestern Tianshan, Xinjiang

In Tuoyun area of southwestern Tianshan, mantle and lower crust xenoliths are present in the volcanic rocks with ages of 101–123 Ma. Mantle xenoliths include mineral megacrysts such as kaersutite and pargasite, feldspar, biotite, and rare pyroxene and rock fragments such as perodotite, pyroxenite, amphibolite, and rare glimmerite. Lower crust xeno-liths are mainly banded and massive granulite. The volcanic rocks were produced by within-plate magmatism. Occurrence of hydrous and volatile mineral megacrysts, amphibolite, and some pyroxenite containing hydrous and volatile minerals indicates that mantle metasomatism was intense. Undoubtedly, this discovery is very important to understanding of the crust-mantle structure and geodynamic background in depth in southwestern Tianshan and geological correlation with adjacent regions.     

Discovery of the granulite xenoliths in Cenozoic volcanic rocks from Hoh Xil,Tibetan plateau

Two-pyroxene granulite and clinopyroxene granulite xenoliths have been recently discovered in the Late Paleogene toNeogene volcanic rocks (with ages in the range of 4.27～44.60 Ma) that outcropped in Hoh Xil, central Tibetan plateau. Based on theelectron microprobe analysis data, the xenoliths provide constraints for the formation equilibrium temperatures of the two-pyroxene gran-ulite being about 783 to 818℃ as determined by two-pyroxene thermometry and the forming pressure of the clinopyroxene granulite beingabout 0.845 to 0.858 GPa that is equivalent to 27.9～28.3 km depth respectively. It indicates that these granulite xenoliths represent thesamples from the middle part of the thickened Tibetan crust. This discovery is important and significant to making further discussion onthe component and thermal regime of the deep crust of the Tibetan plateau.     

A huge oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belt in southwestern Tianshan, China: Peak metamorphic age and P-T path

Recent progress in the study of the UHP metamorphic belt in southwestern Tianshan, China, is summarized in this paper. This about 80-kin-long and over 10-km-wide UHP belt has been recognized by the discovery of coesite, coesite pseudomorphs and other UHP minerals. It is the largest oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belt reported so far. It has formed due to northward subduc- tion of the Tianshan Paleo-Ocean. U-Pb dating of metamorphic rims of zircons from a coesite-bearing garnet-phengite schist yields a peak UHP metamorphic ages of 320±3.7 Ma. Combined with ages of 233-226 Ma obtained from rims of zircons from retrograded eclogites, a long retrograde metamorphic evolution （〉70 Ma） has been revealed. According to phase equilibria mod- eling, the P-T paths of both coesite-bearing eclogites and garnet-phengite schists are characterized by thermal relaxation, i.e., the metamorphic temperature peak lags behind the pressure peak, indicating that the UHP rocks experienced slow and long heating and decompression during exhumation in the subduction channel. On the basis of the field observation that a small amount of eclogite lenses is wrapped in large volumes of metapelites, and the similar P-T paths of both rock types, we propose that the ex- humation of the UHP eclogites from southwestern Tianshan, China, may have resulted from the exhumation of large volumes of low-density metapelites, which carried the denser eclogites to the Earth＇s surface.     

Crustal evolution of the Shiwandashan area in South China: Zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic records from granulite enclaves in Indo-Sinian granites

U-Pb dating coupled with Hf isotope analyses on zircon from metasedimentary granulite enclaves in the Jiuzhou peraluminous granite from the Shiwandashan area in southeastern Guangxi Province, South China are presented in this paper. The results show that the protoliths of these granulite enclaves were mainly composed of Neo-Mesoproterozoic (564–1061 Ma) clastic materials with a peak age at ~822 Ma. These materials were probably derived from the igneous rocks that were emplaced during the Neoproterozoic breakup of Rodinian Supercontinent. Subordinate sediments include the Paleoproterozoic (1778–2227 Ma) and even the Meso-Paleoarchean materials with the oldest U-Pb age at 3551±8 Ma, indicating the existence of ancient crustal rocks in the area and/or its surrounding regions. Younger grains include the early Mesozoic (234±2 Ma) magmatic zircon populations and the late Permian (253±3 Ma) metamorphic zircon populations. Further zircon Hf isotope analyses reveal that their protoliths were complex, containing both recycled crustal rocks and juvenile materials. Combined zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotope compositions indicate that at ~253 Ma, the Shiwandashan area experienced an intensive thermal event that resulted in the granulite-facies metamorphism; and that crustal remelting occurred at ~234 Ma to form the S-type granitoids during the uplifting stage. The metasedimentary granulite enclaves are resitites of these granitoids.     

Zircon isotopic ages from magnetite quartzites of the Jianping metamorphic complex, western Liaoning Province

Using the zircon Pb evaporation method and high precise ion microprobe analyses, zircon isotopic ages in supracrustal magnetite quartzites from Jianping metamorphic complex have been obtained. The results show that the deposition of the supracrustal rocks occurred around 2 552–2 520 Ma and the peak of granulite facies metamorphism reached at about 2 487 Ma; about (1 806±16) Ma, i.e. Mid-Proterozoic, the other possible metamorphic event with relatively low intensity happened in the study area. It is speculated that a likely tectonic setting where the Jianping metamorphic complex formed is an active continental margin that is involved in continental collision and crustal thickening shortly after its formation.     

Sm-Nd age dating of high-pressure granulites and amphibolite from Sanggan area, North China craton

The high pressure (HP) metamorphic age has been dated to HP rocks from the Sanggan area, North China craton. We have got garnet+whole rock isochron ages of (1 842±38) Ma for HP granulite, and (1 856 ± 26) Ma for HP amphibolite. The Sm-Nd whole rock isochron of HP granulites give out an age of (1 870±150) Ma with Nd depleted mantle model age of (2 402—2 482) Ma. Considering the Nd isotope homogenization during the peak metamorphism of the HP granulite, Sm-Nd closure temperature and the retention of Nd isotopic memory in garnets partially broken down during decompression, all these isochron ages are thought to be HP metamorphic age. Furthermore, we proposed that the HP metamorphism took place at the end of Paleoproterozoic during the large-scale collision and assembly of the North China craton.     

The zircon SHRIMP chronology and trace element geochemistry of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks in western Tianshan Mountains

The genesis of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks in the Dahalajunshan group, mainly consisting of trachytes and trachy-andesites and distributing widely in western Tianshan Mountains, remains to be controversial. It has been proposed to be relevant to “rift” or “plume”. Detailed petrology and geochemical data presented in this paper show that these volcanic rocks represent typical continental arc magmatism. The volcanic rocks are mainly trachy-andesitic, and the magma source is enriched in LILE, Th and Pb, and depleted in HFSE and Ce. Trace element geochemical study suggests that the basalts could be modeled by 7% -11% partial melt of garnet Iherzolite. The volcanic rocks in the Dahalajunshan group are neither the products of “rift” nor so-called “plume”but represent the continental island arc of the Paleo-Southern Tianshan Ocean. The mantle wedge had been modified by the melt generating in subduction zone during a long evolution history of this island arc. The continental crust materials （i.e. mainly sediment on ocean floor） had been added into island arc through melt in subduction zone. Volcanic rocks occurring in different regions might represent magma eruption in different time. The zircon SHRIMP dating indicates that the ages of the basalt varies between 334.0 Ma and 394.9 Ma. The 13 analyses give an average age of 353.7±4.5 Ma （MSWD = 1.7）. The apparent ages of zircons in trachy-andesite vary between 293.0 Ma and 465.4 Ma. All analyses fall on the U-Pb concordant line and are divided into two groups. 8 analyses produce an average age of 312.8±4.2 Ma （MSWD = 1.7）, which represents the crystallizing age of zircon rims in trachy-andesite. The acquired two ages （i.e. 354 and 313 Ma） belong to the Early Carboniferous and Late Carboniferous epochs, respectively. Thus, the Dahalajunshan group would be separated into several groups with the accumulation of high-quality age dating and data of trace element and isotopic geochemistry, in our opinion.     

Subduction age of Neo-Tethys oceanic crust in southwest Yunnan, China: Laser micro-area40Ar-39Ar dating

The basic granulite, which is considered to be the MORE based on geochemistry and isotopic characteristics[1], has been discovered recently as the enclaves in the Yingjiang island-arc magmatic suite on the border of Burma and west Yunnan, east of Myitkyina suture in the eastern Burma. The laser micro-area 40Ar-39Ar technique is used to date the age of garnet and cliopyroxene that is the result of the early metamorphic event. The isochron outcome is -74.4 Ma which is induced to be the age of the suduction event of the Myitkyina oceanic crust on the basis of the Cenozoic lithosphere tectonic evolution, tectonic thermal events and the age of deformation and metamorphism. The discovery of the high-grade or high-pressure metamophic rocks in the island-arc magmatic suite by the way of studying its P-T-t paths can provide a good way to study the age and process of oceanic crust subduction, slab break-off, metamorphic terrain exhumation and the evolution of paleoocean basin.     

Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP ages of high-pressure granulite in Yushugou ophiolitic terrane in southern Tianshan and their tectonic implications

Zircons from two high-pressure granulite samples from the Yushugou ophiolitic terrane, southern Tian shan have been investigated by cathodoluminescence, LA ICPMS and ion microprobe (SHRIMP) for their internal textures, trace elemental compositions and in situ dating. The weighted mean ages of these two samples are 392±7 and 390±11 Ma, respectively, representing the granulite-facies meta morphic age of the ophiolitic terrane, and indicating that the southern Tianshan ocean initiated its northward subduction since the early Devonian.