锂源对固相合成LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_2正极材料性能的影响

采用高温固相法烧结制备得到正极材料Li Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及循环伏安(CV)、交流阻抗(EIS)等电化学性能测试手段,探讨高温烧结工艺中不同锂源对材料结构、形貌及电化学性能的影响,结果表明,采用Li OH作为锂源合成的材料与采用其他锂源相比,具有较好的层状结构和电化学性能.该材料在0.1C倍率下的首次充放电容量和库伦效率较高(172.7 m Ah/g,89.08%),在0.5C、1C倍率下循环50次后,材料的放电容量仍保持在144.5 m Ah/g和136.2 m Ah/g.     

微波法合成LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4尖晶石

分别利用溶胶-凝胶、有机共沉淀、水热过程3种方法制备前驱体,通过辅助微波加热制备了高电压正极材料镍锰酸锂(LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4)尖晶石;利用X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)和充放电测试,对所制备材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征与测试。结果表明:不同制备方法所得前驱体经微波加热处理后均得到了立方结构的LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4尖晶石,晶体结构处于Ni/Mn分布有序与无序之间;溶胶-凝胶辅助微波法制备的LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4尖晶石结晶度较高,形貌规整,具有较好电化学性能,当放电流为0.2 C时,首次放电比容量为123.3 m A·h/g;在1 C下循环50圈后,容量保持率为94.5%。     

微波辅助法制备钴酸锌纳米花及其储锂性能

采用微波液相辅助法及退火处理制备了纳米花结构的钴酸锌(ZnCo_2O_4),并考察了不同退火温度对材料性能的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、循环伏安(CV)法、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和恒流充放电测试,对所制备材料的晶体结构、形貌以及电化学性能进行了分析。分析结果表明:不同退火温度均能制备出尖晶石结构的ZnCo_2O_4。随着退火温度的升高,ZnCo_2O_4纳米花趋于团聚。400℃退火制备的ZnCo_2O_4纳米花具有较好的电化学性能。在200 m A·g~(-1)的电流密度,经过50圈循环后,比容量仍高达673. 5 m A·h·g~(-1),对应的库伦效率为97. 5%,表现出了良好的循环性能和高充放电比容量。     

温度对水热反萃法合成锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO_4的影响

采用水热反萃法合成了锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO_4,重点研究了温度对LiFePO_4结构、形貌和电化学性能的影响.分别采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、循环伏安(CV)、交流阻抗(EIS)及恒电流充放电测试对样品的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征.结果表明:在140~250,℃范围内水热反萃法可以合成纯相的LiFePO_4.用制备的LiFePO_4作为电池的正极材料,其电化学测试表明:250,℃合成的样品极化最小,同时具有最小的电荷转移阻抗和最大的Li+扩散系数,0.1,C下首次放电比容量为151.7,m A·h/g,较高倍率下循环40次再采用0.1,C时的放电比容量可达到161.9,m A·h/g,具有良好的倍率循环性能.     

明胶辅助-高温固相法合成LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4高电压正极材料

以醋酸盐为原料,分别在4个不同煅烧温度条件下,采用明胶辅助-高温固相法制备获得尖晶石型Li Ni0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料,通过XRD、SEM、FT-IR和充放电循环考察了这4种产物的组成结构、颗粒形貌和电化学性能.结果表明:随着煅烧温度升高,材料的结晶度相应提高,初始放电比容量逐渐增大,样品的最大初始放电比容量为137 m Ah/g.经600℃退火处理的材料的粒径尺寸增大,空间群结构转变为Fd3m相和P4332相同时并存,循环稳定性和小倍率放电能力也随之得到改善,而900℃煅烧的材料则在高倍率下表现出较优的容量保持率.     

固体电解质Li_5La_3Ta_2O_(12)包覆LiMn_2O_4的改性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶的方法低温制备石榴石结构的固体电解质Li5La3Ta2O12,并用其包覆Li Mn2O4来改善材料的电化学性能。通过XRD,SEM和TEM等表征手段对材料的结构和形貌进行分析,并通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等测试分析材料的电化学性能。研究结果表明:Li5La3Ta2O12包覆的Li Mn2O4材料与未包覆的材料相比,其电化学性能得到明显改善,经过150次循环后包覆材料的放电比容量保持率为92%,在高倍率10C(C为倍率)下包覆材料放电比容量为61.2 m A·h/g,而未包覆材料放电比容量仅为40.7 m A·h/g;包覆Li5La3Ta2O12后,Li Mn2O4的阻抗明显减小,大幅度提高了其循环性能和倍率性能。     

微波辅助法制备钴酸锌纳米花及其储锂性能

采用微波液相辅助法及退火处理制备了纳米花结构的钴酸锌(ZnCo2O4),并考察了不同退火温度对材料性能的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、循环伏安(CV)法、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和恒流充放电测试,对所制备材料的晶体结构、形貌以及电化学性能进行了分析。分析结果表明:不同退火温度均能制备出尖晶石结构的ZnCo2O4。随着退火温度的升高,ZnCo2O4纳米花趋于团聚。400℃退火制备的ZnCo2O4纳米花具有较好的电化学性能。在200mA·g-1的电流密度,经过50圈循环后,比容量仍高达673.5mA·h·g-1,对应的库伦效率为97.5%,表现出了良好的循环性能和高充放电比容量。     

聚苯胺包覆Cu~(2+)掺杂KMn_8O_(16)正极材料的电化学性能

以KMn O4、Mn SO4和HNO3为原料,采用化学沉淀法合成KMn8O16纳米棒,用Cu2+和聚苯胺(PANI)对KMn8O16进行了掺杂、包覆改性的研究.通过XRD、TEM等技术对合成材料的结构和微观形貌进行了表征;采用恒流充、放电系统及交流阻抗测试法对合成材料的电化学性能进行测试.结果表明:Cu2+掺杂和PANI包覆得到的样品作为锂离子电池正极材料时,经过50次循环后容量仍有178 m Ah/g,具有较高的可逆比容量和优良的循环性能,为研究高比容量和循环性能稳定的新型锂离子电池正极材料提供方向.     

微波辅助法制备钴酸锌纳米花及其储锂性能

采用微波液相辅助法及退火处理制备了纳米花结构的钴酸锌(ZnCo2O4),并考察了不同退火温度对材料性能的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、循环伏安(CV)法、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和恒流充放电测试,对所制备材料的晶体结构、形貌以及电化学性能进行了分析。分析结果表明:不同退火温度均能制备出尖晶石结构的ZnCo2O4。随着退火温度的升高,ZnCo2O4纳米花趋于团聚。400℃退火制备的ZnCo2O4纳米花具有较好的电化学性能。在200mA·g-1的电流密度,经过50圈循环后,比容量仍高达673.5mA·h·g-1,对应的库伦效率为97.5%,表现出了良好的循环性能和高充放电比容量。     

金属锡复合二硫化钼(Sn/MoS2)的制备及电化学性能研究

以(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_(24)·4H_2O为钼源,以Sn_Cl_2·2H_2O为锡源,采用简单的溶剂热法经低温退火合成SnO_2-MoO_3前驱体;再进一步与硫氰化钾水热反应经低温煅烧即可得到Sn/MoS_2复合物.通过XRD,SEM等对合成材料的结构和形貌进行表征,采用恒流充、放电系统对合成材料的电化学性能进行了测试.结果表明:所合成的纯MoS_2纳米结构在作为锂离子电池负极材料时,具有较高的初始放电容量,但循环性能较差.所制得的Sn/MoS_2复合材料,大大改善了MoS_2的循环性能.当电流密度为100 m A·g~(-1)时,在0. 01 3. 0 V的电压窗口下循环70次后,Sn/MoS_2复合物的放电容量可以保持在725 m Ah·g~(-1),具有较高的可逆比容量和优良的循环性能,为研究高比容量和循环性能稳定的新型锂离子电池负极材料提供了实践依据.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.