Role of acoustic stress on the development of polyoma tumors in immunized golden hamsters]

An acoustic stress increases the metastatic spread of polyoma virus-induced tumors in syrian Hamsters. To try to elucidate the mechanism of this action, we studied the effect of stress on the protection afforded by the virus against tumour challenge. Exposure to ultrasonics during the immunization period markedly decreased the protective effect of the virus.     

基于B超图像的HIFU运动控制系统位移标定

针对目前高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）治疗中运动控制系统与B超图像之间的位移标定准确度不高的问题，基于B超图像的亚像素级配准算法，研究组合探头运动时靶区组织的实际位移与B超图像中像素位移之间的映射关系并进行标定，以提高对靶区组织B超定位的准确性，帮助HIFU临床医生更加有效地对靶区组织进行治疗。     

稀疏化的压缩传感超声图像重构特性研究

传统医学超声成像射频信息存储数据量大,传输耗时且成本高.基于稀疏化的压缩传感技术,研究超声图像的稀疏特性,利用离散余弦变换(DCT)对原始超声图像进行稀疏变换,在稀疏域内进行压缩采样获得降采样数据,然后通过求解L1范数重构原始图像.理论和实验表明,该方法可以很好地应用到超声图像的重构中,且随着稀疏度的减小和测量值的增加,重构图像的峰值信噪比(PSNR值)增加,重构图像的视觉效果较好.     

Location of an acoustic window in dolphins

Summary Auditory brainstem response (ABR) to sound clicks from sources in different positions were recorded in dolphinsInia geoffrensis. The position of the acoustic window determined by measurement of acoustic delays. The acoustic window was found to lie close to the auditory meatus and the bulla rather than on the lower jaw.Study was performed at the IVITA Biological Station, Pukallpa, Peru unde the Agreement on Scientific Collaboration between the USSR Academy of Sciences and San Marcos National University, Peru.     

聚焦超声辐照豚鼠慢性湿疹模型的超微结构变化

目的探讨聚焦超声辐照豚鼠慢性湿疹模型豚鼠的皮肤超微结构改变。方法豚鼠32只，以2，4-二硝基氯苯（DNCB）为抗原，小剂量多次刺激豚鼠背部皮肤制备慢性湿疹模型。随机分为辐照组3组和对照组，辐照组以频率10MHz、声功率3W的连续波直接辐照模型皮肤真皮层，3组分别于辐照后1、7和14天取材，对照组不辐照立即取材，做透射电镜观察．结果辐照前可见表皮角质层增厚明显，成纤维细胞线粒体肿胀、粗面内质网扩张，细胞间隙加大；辐照后第1天和7天可见血管内皮细胞线粒体肿胀、微吞饮小泡数量多，成纤维细胞线粒体肿胀、粗面内质网扩张，但细胞间隙变小；第14天基本恢复正常。结论聚焦超声可用于治疗湿疹，有利于微血管和胶原纤维的增生与修复，可使患处上皮细胞及真皮组织的超微结构趋于恢复正常。     

聚焦超声辐照右足三里对痛阈的影响

目的观察聚焦超声辐照正常人右足三里对痛闽的影响。方法40例正常健康人，随机分成聚焦超声辐照组和安慰剂对照组，各20例。聚焦超声辐照右足三里30min，用Electronic Von Frey测定机械痛阈。在聚焦超声辐照前和开始辐照后10、20、30、40、50、60min记录机械痛阈。安慰剂对照组同时进行对比测量。结果超声辐照组，辐照前后左右两侧痛阈值分别有显著性差异（P〈0.01）；对照组，辐照前后左右两侧痛阈值均无统计学意义（左侧P=0．904，右侧P=0．274）。超声辐照组相邻时间水平有显著差异（P〈0．01），对照组相邻时间水平无显著差异；左右两侧不同部位间无显著性差异（P=0．176）；时间与部位无交互效应（P=0．411）。结论聚焦超声辐照单侧足三里后痛阈明显升高，从而具有一定的镇痛作用。     

Location of an acoustic window in dolphins

Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) to sound clicks from sources in different positions were recorded in dolphins Inia geoffrensis. The position of the acoustic window was determined by measurement of acoustic delays. The acoustic window was found to lie close to the auditory meatus and the bulla rather than on the lower jaw.     

Acceleration of crypt cell proliferation by acoustic stimuli

Summary Cell proliferation rates in the bases of the crypts of Lieberkuhn in the jejunum of rat were measured using a stathmokinetic technique. In rats subjected to recurring loud noise cell proliferation was more rapid than in rats not subjected to the noise.     

基于磁性微泡对比剂的超声和磁共振影像融合算法

文中提出了一种新的基于磁性微泡对比剂的超声影像和磁共振影像之间的融合算法．首先利用磁性微泡对比剂对体模进行超声和磁共振显影，并对显影进行边缘分割．运用非采样contourlet变换（nonsubsampled contourlet transform．NSCT）对源图像进行分解，然后对低频子带系数采用自适应动态加权非负矩阵分解（dynamic weighted non-negative matrix factorization．DWNMF）结合分割图像进行融合．然后对各带通方向子带系数采用空间频率激励的脉冲耦合神经网络进行融合，最后利用NSCT逆变换得到融合图像．研究结果表明，利用磁性微泡对比剂并结合上述算法对超声影像和磁共振影像进行融合，可以获得预期的融合效果．     

Responses evoked by stimulation of the acoustic pathway during the sleep-wakefulness cycle

Riassunto Lo studio delle risposte evocate nelle radiazioni acustiche e nelle arec acustiche primarie da stimolazione delle vie uditive centrali dimostra che: (a) la trasmissione degli impulsi ascendenti a livello del corpo genicolato mediale è facilitata sia durante il sonno profondo che al risveglio mentre, (b) l'eccitabilità corticale è maggiore durante il sonno leggero.

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Part of these results has been presented at a meeting of the Società italiana di Biologia sperimentale, held in Genova on July 30, 1964.     

低剂量超声预辐照对高强度聚焦超声消融兔肝VX2瘤的增效研究

目的探讨低剂量超声预辐照对高强度聚焦超声(High-intensity Focused Ultrasound,HIFU)消融兔肝VX2瘤的增效作用及其对残留肿瘤生长的影响.方法52只荷瘤免于接种后20天按随机数字表法分为低剂量超声预辐照组(A组)22只,单纯HIFU组(B组)20只,对照组(C组)10只.A组首先接受声...     

用于超声针灸的声换能器设计

超声针灸作为一门新兴的针灸手段，其关键之处则在于声换能器的能量输出能否分布在一个较均匀的范围内，以实现对穴位的有效刺击。为了使得超声换能器的能量输出能够达到超声针灸所需要的能量输出模式，本研究通过分环组合的方法，分别对超声换能器的各个组成单元施加不同的聚焦半径和面积，并利用计算机仿真了多种不同的组合模式，最终使得超声换能器的焦域较长并且能量分布均匀。这种分环组合的方法能够对超声换能器的能量输出实现较有效的调控，通过分环的方法所设计的超声换能器能够很好的满足超声针灸的需要。     

Variation in the improtance of acoustic stimuli inDrosophila melanogaster courtship

Summary These is genotype-dependent variation in the importance to females of the courtship song relative to other nale generated courtship stimuli.This work was supported by a grant from the Science Research Council of Great Britain.     

不同剂量高强度聚焦超声辐照与HIFU消融VX2兔肝移植瘤量效关系的实验研究

目的探讨不同剂量高强度聚焦超声辐照与消融的量效关系。方法兔肝VX2肿瘤模型按功率不同予以首次辐照，24h后各组再予180W在相同参数下行单条直线扫描。分别于首次、再次辐照后观察靶区的变化，测量再次辐照后消融区域的长、宽、高，计算体积及相应的能效因子（EEF）。结果备纽靶组织均于单条线扫后出现消融，消融纽织的形态随首次辐照功率的增加而不规则；消融后的EEF和首次预辐照功率存在负相关关系（r=-0．941，P〈0．01）。结论研究HIFU预辐照剂量和消融效率间的关系能为HIFU治疗提供新思路和剂量参考。     

Ultrasound: its role in the courtship of the arctiid moth,Cycnia tenera

Summary MaleCycnia tenera (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) were shown to produce ultrasonic clicks during courtship. The ultrasound enhances male courtship success, but only in the absence of male-produced pheromonal cues.     

The responsiveness of acoustic area after stimulation of the caudate nucleus

Riassunto La stimolazione ad alta frequenza e di breve durata del nucleo caudato determina inibizione dei potenziali evocati nell'area uditiva primaria e secondarie sia in animali preparati acutamente sia in animali portatori di elettrodi a dimora.     

低功率HIFU辐照离体牛肝后强回声出现的原因

目的 研究低功率高强度聚焦超声(High Intensity Focused Ultrasound,HIFU)辐照离体牛肝组织后即刻B超声像图中强回声出现的原因.方法 磁共振(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)引导的HIFU在50W声功率下分别辐照脱气后的离体牛肝组织10s,20 s,30 s…90 s(实际辐照时间),采用辐照10 s停1 s的方式.在辐照过程中,使用MRI的GRE_TMap序列采集HIFU焦域处的温度,并使用被动空化检测( Passive Cavitation Detection,PCD)系统采集来自焦域的声信号,在LabVIEW开发平台上编程对该信号进行快速傅里叶变换得到其频谱,以判断是否出现空化特征信号.辐照结束后,特离体牛肝组织切成1～2 mm厚的薄片,找到凝固性坏死的最大面,置于加热至37℃的TTC(2,3,5 -氯化三苯基四氮唑)染色剂中染色2min后取出照相.结果 HIFU以辐照10s停1s的方式辐照离体牛肝组织9次后B超声像图中出现强回声,焦域处的温度升高至89.46±2.48℃,PCD系统所采信号的频 谱中未见空化特征信号.切开并染色后的离体牛肝组织在第2次10s的辐照后就有凝固性坏死出现.结论 未达空化阈值的低功率HIFU照离体牛肝组织后即刻B超声像图中强回声出现的原因是焦域处产生的沸腾泡.     

Depth perception by means of ambient sounds in a small mammal

Summary Golden hamsters placed on a jumping stand from which they can descend onto a shallow or deep landing platform prefer to descend on to the shallow platform, even when tested under IR-light without tactile cues. This preference disappears for subjects with plugged ears. The simultaneous recording of the animal's behaviour and possible emission of ultrasound as well as experiments in which the external acoustical conditions or the sound-reflecting properties of the jumping apparatus were altered suggest that the animals use certain parameters of the ambient sound field for depth perception. Acknowledgments. This research was supported by the Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique, grant No. 3.349.74.     

Light transmission. I. An acoustic method able to monitor transmitted light

Summary A method able to monitor transmitted light acoustically is described. It makes use of an amplifier of light variations, provided with a photocell and a sound device, a photometer, an optic probe and a special support.Acknowledgments. The author would like to thank Dr Leonard Salzarulo, chairman of the Physics Department of the New Jersey Institute of Technology, for the critical reading of the paper. The author acknowledges the invaluable assistance of Prof. Araldo Ramundo of the Centro Regionale Professionale in Cosenza, Italy, for designing and assembling the electronic amplifier. Appreciation is also extended to Prof. Giuseppe Battendieri of the Liceo Scientifico Enrico Fermi in Cosenza, Italy, for the schematic reproduction of the apparatus.     

高强度聚焦超声辐照离体牛肝组织后回声与空化、沸腾的关系

目的 高强度聚焦超声(high intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU)辐照离体组织过程中焦域处空化、沸腾与回声强度的关系.方法 采用不同的声功率(50 W、100W、150 W、200 W、250W)辐照新鲜离体牛肝组织5s,辐照深度30 mm.在辐照过程中,使用热电偶组成的测温系统对焦域处的温升进行实时采集.5 MHz接收换能器和Labview软件组成的被动空化检测(passive cavitation detection,PCD)系统对焦域处空化信号进行采集,在Labview平台上对空化信号进行定性和定量分析,观察空化信号随时间的变化规律,并计算累积空化剂量.对比HIFU辐照前后的B超图像,计算焦域处的灰度差值.结果 声功率为50 W和100 W的HIFU辐照时,空化和沸腾均未发生,B超图像上未出现回声变化；声功率150W的HIFU辐照时,空化发生(1/2分谐波和宽带噪声)但无沸腾,累积空化剂量和靶区灰度差值增大,辐照后即刻出现弱回声；声功率200 W的HIFU辐照时,空化和沸腾均发生,累积空化剂量和靶区灰度差值继续增大,辐照后即刻观察到强回声出现；声功率250W的HIFU辐照时,空化和沸腾均发生,累积空化剂量和靶区灰度差值略有增大,观察到“明亮”的强回声出现.除声功率为50 W的HIFU辐照后未见凝固性坏死产生,其余各声功率组均产生了凝固性坏死.结论 空化在HIFU辐照后即刻回声的出现中有贡献,但强回声的出现来自于沸腾.