川东高陡构造石炭系储层预测试验

针对川东地区高陡构造,石炭系储层埋藏很深,地震反射波信噪比低等特点。本文提出了一套利用地震资料进行气藏预测的方法,并用此方法对二条剖面进行了学习和预测的试验,获得了较好的效果。其中特别提出了模型法归位计界,经钻探检验,对于构造归位和预测点归位两类问题的计算,均取得很好的效果。     

利用合成地震波振幅预测煤层厚度及其方法研究

为了更精确预测煤层厚度变化,分析了波阻抗反演与煤厚的相关性,对测井资料和反演后的合成地震波振幅进行线性回归,建立了原生煤的正演模型.将该模型应用到非井点的地震属性上,利用同位协同克里金方法实现了对淮北桃园矿区煤层厚度的预测,结果与已知钻孔探测资料十分吻合,证明了利用地震振幅预测煤厚以及分类正演模型是可行的.     

四川盆地磨溪─龙女寺地区寒武系洗象池组地震地层学研究

利用地震波的振幅连续性和速度三个参数,在常规地震剖面和Ｇ－ＬＯＧ剖面上对磨溪─龙女寺地区寒武系洗象池地层进行微地震相的划分,结合测并、地质、微地震相和模型正演资料的综合分析,提出了该地区风化壳上含油气有利的微地震相及最有利的含油气地区。进-步充实了乐山─龙女寺古隆起下古生界风化壳地区的地震地层学研究。     

利用正演地层模拟预测台地边缘鲕滩储层的分布

本文以川东北Y地区下三叠统飞仙关组地震层序2为例,在碳酸盐岩沉积学和层序地层学理论指导下,开展碳酸盐岩正演地层模拟研究,再现该层序的发育过程,预测台地边缘鲕滩储层的分布,并对地震层序解释结果进行检验。模拟考虑了碳酸盐生产率、侵蚀、搬运、沉积等参数的变化,模拟所需用的初始地形和相对海平面变化根据地震层序解释结果确定。模拟的地层结构剖面与实际地震剖面具有较好的相似性,模拟的沉积相分布与实际钻井结果能较好地对比。本文的研究表明,正演地层模拟为地震层序解释提供一种有效的检验手段,并可对碳酸盐储层相带分布进行预测。     

基于小波包变换的薄互层识别方法应用研究

薄互储层是我国主要储集油气的地质结构,应用小波包变换的方法对薄互层的识别和层厚度预测研究,提出了一种新的研究薄互层识别的方法。建立楔形模型以及复杂的含有薄互层的模型,并开展了地震正演模拟,根据小波包分解重构理论,应用小波包变换的方法得到合成地震剖面和偏移剖面,实际地震数据结合井信息的标定,对薄互储层的划分和厚度的预测进行了较为详细的研究。模型和实际资料算例结果均表明,小波包变换方法在识别薄互储层中可以突破四分之一波长的限制。     

地震正演模型在周矶油田潜41油组储层预测中的应用

本文通过对周矶油田潜41油组进行储层分析,使用有限差分法进行楔状模型正演,研究区地质模型正演结果证实了振幅属性、频率属性与砂岩之间的敏感关系.利用井点和地质模型的约束,根据振幅特征对地震剖面进行追踪,然后通过地震属性分析等步骤,减少了储层预测的多解性.     

探地雷达的正演模拟及有限差分波动方程偏移处理

利用麦克斯韦方程和有限差分法, 推导出雷达波的二维有限差分正演方程组, 并运用该正演方程对＂V＂字形地电模型和同一斜面上的5个圆的地电模型进行正演合成, 得到其相应的正演合成剖面;把该正演合成的剖面与实际模型相比, 得出正演合成图与实际模型的示意图在形状上有一定的差别, 这是剖面中异常点处的绕射波所致;为了提高雷达资料的解释精度, 对正演合成的雷达剖面进行后处理, 运用雷达上行波反向外推有限差分偏移法, 对2个正演合成的雷达剖面进行偏移处理, 通过对比偏移处理前后的雷达正演剖面, 采用有限差分偏移法能使雷达正演剖面中的反射波归位, 绕射波收敛, 从而大大提高了雷达正演剖面的分辨率, 有利于探地雷达剖面的地质解释和验证偏移方法的有效性.     

西泉地区电阻率参数反演及火山岩储层预测*

新疆准噶尔盆地东部西泉地区石炭系火山岩岩性特征分布复杂,受火山岩影响地震资料品质较差,采用常规地震储层预测方法识别火山岩储层效果不明显。通过分析研究区火山岩储层测井与地震响应特征,应用电阻率曲线构建拟声波曲线从而改善了波阻抗反演在火山岩储层识别中的效果。在对火山岩储层统计分析基础上,利用深浅电阻率差值和电阻率幅度差识别火山岩储集层,结合高分辨率波阻抗反演与电阻率参数反演信息的融合,预测了石炭系火山岩有利储层分布区。实际资料应用表明,电阻率差值参数反演能够较好地反映出火山岩储层平面变化特征。     

吉新煤矿三维地震勘探层位标定与时-深转换方法

针对一些特殊矿区因钻孔数量稀少、不能实现三维地震资料有效解释的情况,利用地质模型的正演模拟,提出一种地震反射波地质层位涵义标定：手法及时一深转换方法,预测吉新煤矿煤层底板深度。钻探与巷道资料验证结果表明,6。煤层的底板深度为489m,与文中方法预测结果吻合;正演模拟技术能够正确指导地质层位标定,叠加速度体的充分利用有效提高了底板标高精度。     

膝褶带构造及其地球物理正演

通过构建一系列理想的膝褶带地质模型, 利用四阶有限差分法单炮记录正演模拟方法, 对各类型膝褶带在地震反射剖面上的图像几何学特征进行了正演。正演结果分析表明: 1) 在地震剖面上, 膝褶带变形样式不同于断层构造样式, 膝褶带在地震剖面上具有一定宽度, 带内地震信息呈低振幅、信息模糊或空白带; 2) 膝褶带内外角之间的变化, 即膝褶带内地层产状的倾角变化, 对地震反射信息影响巨大; 3) 在膝褶带内地层陡立或近于直立的情况下, 地震反射界面从膝褶带外向内追踪困难, 且发生反射界面信息假象。这些地球物理正演结果为实际地震剖面的构造解释、膝褶与断裂构造的区分提供基本的参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.