基于特征曲线重构的波阻抗反演在复杂储层预测中的应用

在目前储层预测方法中,基于测井约束的波阻抗反演作为一项关键技术,应用效果较为良好。对于其反演效果的优劣,声波测井资料品质具有显著影响。当声波特征曲线对有效储层与围岩差异的敏感性较低时,常规测井约束反演的结果对储层刻画能力会有所不足,而测井特征曲线重构技术则可以有效改善储层预测效果,提高砂体边界刻画的精度。本文在研究区实际地质特征分析的基础上,依据现有地震、测井资料,并结合储层预测需要,从声波测井资料的特点出发,通过特征曲线重构方法,将自然伽马、自然电位、电阻率等对岩性较为敏感的特征曲线与声波资料融合,最终在重构后的声波曲线基础上,通过测井约束波阻抗反演来表征储层。实际应用结果表明砂、泥岩得到良好区分,储层描述明显改善,为后续生产开发提供了有效指导。     

火山岩油气藏地球物理预测技术及准噶尔勘探实例

火山岩储层识别和预测中最常用和有效的地震技术是正演模拟技术、地震属性分析技术、波阻抗反演技术和相干分析技术,并有各自的适用条件。对准噶尔盆地3个研究区的火山岩地震反射特征进行研究,建立准噶尔盆地4种火山岩地震相模式。通过准噶尔盆地火山岩油气藏的勘探实践,认为火山岩储层综合预测应该包含岩相预测、岩性预测、裂缝预测3个方面。     

多手段综合分析在塔河油田石炭系薄储集层预测中的应用

针对塔河油田石炭系卡拉沙依组砂岩储集层埋藏深、砂层薄、横向变化快、非均质性严重、地震识别困难等问题,通过对地震资料提频,利用地震切片、曲线重构下的测井约束反演和相控储层预测等多手段技术综合分析,将地震属性和反演波阻抗有机结合,指导储集层砂体相控解释,确定了含油砂体的空间展布与描述.实践表明,该方法能有效地利用地震数据体进行薄层储集体预测.     

随机地震反演在岩性油气藏储层预测中的应用

随机反演突破了地震频带宽度的限制,可获得高分辨率的地层波阻抗资料,具有纵向分辨率较高且不完全受井分布控制等优点。随机地震反演不仅可以获得高分辨率波阻抗资料,还可以得到伽玛、孔隙度等储层物性参数,具有更直接的岩石物理意义。实例应用表明,利用该方法得到的反演结果精度更高,储层预测效果更好。     

基于叠前反演流体识别与频散AVO反演的研究

由于纵波不能在流体中传播,叠后地震反演得到纵波波阻抗是无法识别储层中的流体。基于横波在流体中传播特点,利用叠前数据丰富的运动学与动力学信息获得弹性参数进行储层流体识别是可行的,但受到地震反问题固有的“病态解”等不确定性的影响,在进行叠前地震反演时会产生较为严重的多解性与不确定性,从而影响了后续的储层岩性与流体识别的精度。基于以上问题本论文以储层埋藏较深、钻井资料较少的D2地区为研究目标,采用测井岩石物理敏感分析、敏感流体因子反演和频散AVO反演三种技术综合来提高储层预测的精度,实际资料的应用效果表明采用多种技术方法来进行储层的流体识别是可行的。     

基于叠前反演的流体识别与频散AVO反演研究

由于纵波不能在流体中传播,叠后地震反演得到纵波波阻抗是无法识别储层中的流体。基于横波在流体中传播特点,利用叠前数据丰富的运动学与动力学信息获得弹性参数进行储层流体识别是可行的,但受到地震反问题固有的"病态解"等不确定性的影响,在进行叠前地震反演时会产生较为严重的多解性与不确定性,从而影响了后续的储层岩性与流体识别的精度。基于以上问题本论文以储层埋藏较深、钻井资料较少的D2地区为研究目标,采用测井岩石物理敏感分析、敏感流体因子反演和频散AVO反演三种技术综合来提高储层预测的精度,实际资料的应用效果表明采用多种技术方法来进行储层的流体识别是可行的。     

薄差储层预测技术在葡南油田的应用

葡南油田葡一组油层属薄差储层,用普通波阻抗反演方法难以解决薄砂体识别精度低的问题。在忠实于原始地震反射的波胆抗反演数据体基础上,针对本区自然电位曲线对砂泥岩识别明显、深侧向电阻率曲线对含油性判别较好的特点,结合构造建模、小层精细划分和对比,利用地质统计和建模技术,采用序贯高斯模拟方法并同位协同波阻杭反演结果进行自然电位和深侧向电阻率体的岩性模拟,建立储层岩性预测模型。模拟结果的地质统计特征与原始数据的统计特征相符,用新完钻的18口井对预测结果进行验证,砂体预测厚度符合率达78%,能够较好地解决油田薄砂体储层横向预测难题。     

高分辨率地震反演技术及应用

探讨地震反演成果的分辨率和符合率,为钻井资料少、构造和沉积特征变化大地区的油气勘探提供地质依据.通过应用EPS软件独特的拟声波曲线构建、复杂地质建模及测井约束反演等技术,开展了无井约束递推反演、波阻抗反演和储层参数反演等研究工作,提高了研究区砂体反演成果的分辨率,砂体预测结果与验证井符合率较高.研究结果表明研究区内砂体...     

拟波阻抗反演在葡北油田储层沉积微相刻画中的应用

 为了进一步提高碎屑岩油层沉积微相图的制图精度,并增强其横向预测性,以满足油气藏开发的需要,在大庆长垣葡北油田二断块,针对葡萄花油层中声波曲线不能有效区分储层与围岩,探索出了一套单井相与拟波阻抗地震反演数据结合沉积微相制图方法。该方法通过各种测井曲线储层敏感性交汇分析,找出储层敏感性测井曲线为自然电位曲线,并将其转换为阻抗值量纲的曲线,提取出高频部分,与原始波阻抗曲线低频部分合并,形成能反映储层变化的拟波阻抗曲线。然后,将重构拟波阻抗曲线用于地震反演。依据地震反演预测结果,分沉积单元精细调整拟波阻抗砂泥岩的门槛值,使阻抗体所反映的砂体厚度与测井解释砂体厚度纵向上具有最优的符合率,绘制各沉积单元砂岩厚度的平面分布。在绘制沉积微相图时,井点根据其单元所属的相带类型进行外推,井间微相由砂体厚度和形态确定,利用反演信息确定河道宽度,反演的波阻抗切片确定各沉积微相发育形态。最后,进行单井沉积相校正,完成各沉积单元沉积微相图。该方法强调单井相与地震拟波阻抗反演数据的结合预测沉积微相分布特征,实际应用效果表明新的制图方法精度高、实用性强,能有效推动油气藏精细开发调整。     

基于地震资料的煤层识别方法及其应用*

鄂尔多斯苏里格气田苏5区块的煤层和储层同具有低伽马和低纵波速度的特征,常规的基于波阻抗的煤层识别方法难以有效地将二者区分。通过研究发现,对于本区块而言,煤层不但不是主力烃源岩,还对本区块山2段的储层研究形成阻碍,因此需要提出针对本区块的更为行之有效的方法进行煤层识别,即一种新的煤层识别技术:结合已有方法—叠前弹性参数反演方法、叠后参数反演方法及流体因子构建方法,构建一种适用于研究区的新型煤层识别因子,然后采用该煤层识别因子和地震资料反演所得叠后参数进行研究区目的层的煤层预测。实际资料的计算结果表明,该方法技术预测的煤层与实际测井解释的煤层完全符合,有助于研究区的储层预测与烃类识别,具有重要的实际应用价值。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to