薄荷愈伤组织诱导与分化研究

本文研究了薄荷愈伤组织诱导与分化的影响因素。以薄荷茎段为外植体,研究培养基、激素水平对愈伤组织诱导、增殖培养的影响;以叶片为外植体,探讨叶片的愈伤组织诱导;以茎段、叶片和叶柄为外植体材料,比较不同外植体的愈伤组织诱导率。实验结果表明:MS比1/2 MS、B5培养基更适于茎段的诱导培养,诱导率达80%;叶片愈伤组织的诱导率为100%,以MS+1.0 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L KT+0.5 mg/L NAA为最佳诱导培养基;幼叶是不同外植体中诱导效果最好的,以MS+0.5 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA为最佳诱导培养基。     

铁线莲‘朱卡’组织培养技术及再生体系的建立

【目的】以铁线莲‘朱卡’(Clematis ‘Julka’)的带芽茎段为起始材料,通过组织培养方法建立再生体系。【方法】利用腋芽诱导—不定芽增殖—生根和愈伤组织诱导—增殖—分化—生根两种途径,建立该品种的组织培养再生体系,形成铁线莲‘朱卡’完整植株。【结果】铁线莲‘朱卡’组织培养最适宜灭菌条件为质量分数10%次氯酸钠溶液灭菌12min;带芽茎段诱导腋芽最适培养基为MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L+6-BA 1.0 mg/L,不定芽增殖最适培养基为MS+IBA 0.20 mg/L+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+GA₃ 0.2 mg/L;带芽茎段诱导愈伤组织最适培养基为MS+NAA 0.05 mg/L+6-BA 2.0 mg/L,愈伤组织增殖最适培养基为MS+NAA 0.20 mg/L +6-BA 2.0 mg/L,愈伤组织分化最适培养基为MS+NAA 0.03 mg/L+6-BA 3.0 mg/L;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+IBA 0.3 mg/L。【结论】首次用两种器官发生方法建立了稳定高效的铁线莲‘朱卡’再生体系。直接形成不定芽时增殖倍数可达5.52。诱导愈伤组织途径的器官发生中,愈伤组织分化率可达76.7%,分化不定芽平均数超过3。两种途径诱导生根率都在90%以上。     

马齿苋组织培养及植株再生系统的建立

初步建立了马齿苋组织培养及植株再生系统.利用马齿苋的种子进行萌发,分别取子叶、胚轴进行愈伤组织诱导,其最适培养基为MS附加BA0.5～2.0mg/L、2,4 D0.5mg/L,愈伤组织诱导率可达100%.将产生的愈伤组织块转入分化培养基中,诱导不定芽,其最适分化培养基为MS附加BA4mg/L、NAA0.4mg/L,分化率达到95%以上.试管苗在MS附加IBA3mg/L的培养基上,经过15～20d培养,90%生根成苗.     

黄芩愈伤组织与丛芽诱导

为寻求黄芩愈伤组织、丛芽诱导的最佳条件,分别以茎尖、茎段、叶片、带节茎段等为实验材料比较不同诱导条件对诱导率的影响;比较培养过程中愈伤组织的增重量及生长状态.结果表明,诱导率:带节茎段要高于其它外植体;MS+6-BA0.5 mg/L +NAA0.5 mg/L为愈伤组织诱导率最高、愈伤组织增殖最大的培养基组合;MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L +NAA0.5 mg/L为不定芽诱导最合适培养基.     

白花泡桐叶柄愈伤组织再生植株的诱导与培养

为提高白花泡桐繁殖效率,防止丛枝病的传播,保持优良种性,利用愈伤组织再生技术对其增殖.研究表明:叶柄产生愈伤组织最适培养基为MS 2.0 mg/L BA 0.2 mg/L NAA 0.05 mg/L2,4-D;诱导芽分化最适培养基为1/2MS 2 000 mg/L脯氨酸,可使诱导分化率达27%;增殖继代最适培养基为B5 1.0 mg/L BA 0.1 mg/L NAA,增殖系数达6.79;生根最适培养基为1/2MS 0.1 mg/L IBA 0.1 mg/L NAA,生根率达100%.     

驱蚊香草愈伤组织再生植株的诱导与培养

驱蚊香草(Pelargonium citrosumVanleenii)具有较强的净化空气作用,因其所分泌的挥发性成分香茅醇、香茅醛具有驱蚊功效而广泛栽培.利用愈伤组织再生技术对其增殖进行研究.叶柄愈伤组织诱导芽分化最适培养基为MS BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D 0.05 mg/L,可使诱导分化率达87%;增殖继代最适培养基为MS BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.1 mg/L,增殖系数达9.79;生根最适培养基为1/2 MS NAA 0.1 mg/L,生根率达100%.     

黄芩组织培养与快速繁殖

取黄芩的带节茎段为外植体，在诱导培养基MS＋BA0．5mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L上培养20天左右，叶腋内开始萌动生长，并形成愈伤组织，呈现质地蔬松，晶亮带点绿色的状况。愈伤组织长到1个月左右，表面开始出现许多绿色的芽点，就是以后的丛生芽，丛生芽的增殖培养基以MS＋BA0．2mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L为佳，芽长的大且粗壮。粗壮芽转入1／2MS＋NAA0．2mg／L生根培养基中，生根率达100％。     

小叶锦鸡儿的组织培养

小叶锦鸡儿是一种抗旱性强的落叶灌木,在防风固沙和水土保持方面功能显著。为了探索其组培扩繁的可行性,以茎段和无菌苗为外植体对小叶锦鸡儿进行了离体培养的初步研究。结果表明:相比于二年生木质化茎段,当年生未木质化的带节茎段具有更强的腋芽发生能力,在MS+0.5mg/L 6-BA+0.01mg/L IAA培养基上腋芽诱导率可以达到31.54%;无菌苗的子叶、真叶、茎段和下胚轴均有强的愈伤组织发生能力,在MS+2.0mg/L NAA+0.5mg/L 6-BA培养基上愈伤组织诱导率均达到或接近100%,适合愈伤组织分化的培养基组合为MS+2.0mg/L NAA+0.5mg/L 6-BA;无菌苗的带节茎段通过腋芽发生途径可以实现植株再生,芽丛诱导适合的培养基组合为MS+2.0mg/L NAA+0.5mg/L 6-BA,在1/8MS+0.5mg/L NAA+0.5mg/L IBA培养基上诱导了不定根的发生。     

甜叶菊叶片离体培养及试管无性系的建立

研究了离体条件下甜叶菊（Stiuia rebaudiana Bertoni)叶片愈伤组织诱导和植株再生技术,离体培养以MS为基本培养基并附加300mg/L水解酪蛋白,离体叶片在BA 0．5mg/L和NAA 0．5mg/L的培养基上诱导形成愈伤组织,在BA 0．5mg/L和NAA0．05mg/L的培养基上可诱导愈伤组织分化不定芽,分化频率为100％,不定芽在White基本培养基并附 加NAA0．01mg/L的培养基上诱导生根,生根率可达100％,炼苗后移栽,成活率达95％以上。     

香根草愈伤组织的诱导和快速繁殖

为了寻找大批量快速繁殖香根草的有效办法,以香根草的茎段、茎节为实验材料进行愈伤组织的诱导和快速繁殖的实验.用不同浓度的6-BA、IAA、2,4-D对其不同的外植体进行试验.结果表明:在愈伤组织诱导实验中,MS培养基附加6-BA 0.5mg/L 2,4-D 2.0mg/L的激素组合对茎段愈伤组织诱导效果最佳;将产生的愈伤组织团转入分化培养基中,诱导不定芽,其最适分化培养基为MS附加6-BA 3.5mg/L IAA 0.2mg/L;再生苗在MS培养基附加6-BA 3.0mg/L IAA 0.5mg/L的培养基上,进行生根培养效果较好.可见,茎段和茎节均可作为外植体.考虑到茎段数量较大,易取材,且效果明显优于茎节,认为茎段是香根草组培快繁的理想外植体.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.