线粒体定位序列介导的绿色荧光蛋白基因在烟草中表达的分析

由于绿色荧光蛋白可在活组织或细胞中直接检出 ,因而近年已在转基因植物的研究中用作报告基因 ,这样可在植物生长的任何阶段进行活体筛选和鉴定。本研究利用线粒体定位序列对改良 gfp基因在转基因烟草中的表达进行了观察 ,结果表明 :将GFP直接在细胞质中大量表达会对植物细胞产生毒性 ,从而影响植物细胞的分化 ,而将其定位在线粒体中 ,则从转化细胞产生植株的频率明显增高。     

拟南芥HSP70基因启动子表达载体的构建及在烟草BY2细胞中的应用

探讨了拟南芥的HSP70基因在液体悬浮培养的烟草BY2细胞中的表达及应用.用PCR扩增的方法从拟南芥col生态型基因组中扩增获得HSP70基因启动子序列,将其连入p1300表达载体且以GFP为报告基因,将该表达载体采用农杆菌转基因转入液体悬浮培养的烟草BY2细胞中,观察转基因细胞中报告基因GFP的表达情况.结果显示:HSP70:GFP转基因液体悬浮培养的烟草BY2细胞中有GFP的表达.该表达载体可在液体悬浮培养的BY2细胞中正常表达,且可在较短时间内获得大量实验材料,对拟南芥的HSP70基因启动子的进一步研究提供理论依据和丰富的实验材料,且可明显缩短实验周期.     

Effect of HS2 and HS3 elements on erythroid-specific expression in transgenic mice

The expression plasmids CMV/GFP, HS2ALL, HS3ALL and HS23ALL were selected to investigate the effect of HS2 and HS3 element on erythroid-specific expression in transgenic mice. These plasmids were digested with restriction enzymes and purified. And five DNA fragments, CMV/GFP, HS2/GFP, CMV/HS2/GFP, HS23/GFP and HS3/GFP were obtained. After purification, the above DNA fragments were microinjected into the pre-nuclei of the mice fertilized eggs and transgenic mice were generated, with an integration rate of 10.89%. The green fluorescence protein(GFP) expression in many transgenic mouse tissues was determined by FACS analysis. The results showed that the HS2 and 1.7 kb of β-globin gene promoter were sufficient for the erythroid-specific expression of β-globin gene. The GFP expression of different recombinant constructs was also analyzed in blood of all the transgenic mice with FACS. The results indicated that HS2 and HS3 had the same enhancement activity on the regulation of β-globin gene expression. Moreover, these two elements showed a significant synergistic effect on gene expression at the transgenic mouse level, although the GFP expression varied largely among different transgenic mouse litters.     

绿色荧光蛋白基因转化大岩桐的研究

利用农杆菌介导法 ,用含有绿色荧光蛋白基因的二元双价表达载体pBINm -gfp5 -ER转化大岩桐 ,并得到卡那霉素 (Kanamycin ,Kan)抗性再生植株 .对其进行初步PCR检测 ,结果表明 ,K2 0 0 (含Kan 2 0 0mg/L)培养基上的绿苗中有 3株PCR结果呈阳性 .对PCR阳性的植株进行了点杂交分析 ,均表现出较强的杂交信号 ,这说明外源基因已整合转入到大岩桐基因组中 .在荧光显微镜下观察转基因大岩桐 ,发现部分花、叶细胞均发出一定强度的绿色荧光     

慢病毒载体转染犬睾丸生殖细胞

摘要: 目的观察慢病毒载体( Lentiviral vector,LV) 对犬生殖细胞的转染,为基于LV 的精子介导法制备转基因动 物提供依据。方法采用睾丸打点注射法,向比格犬两侧睾丸分别注入滴度为5 × 108、1 × 108、2 × 107 TU /mL 的 慢病毒液组成3 个剂量组,每点注射量为每只犬0. 2 mL。于注射后第2 周开始采集精液,通过精液DNA 的PCR 检 测和精子荧光镜检评估绿色荧光蛋白( green fluorescent protein,GFP) 基因的整合及表达。结果1) 在高剂量组,整 合并表达GFP 基因的精子于第4 周首现并持续至第17 周; 在中、低剂量组于第5 周首现,分别持续到第14 周、12 周。2) GFP 表达的高峰期在注射后第7 周～ 10 周。3) GFP 表达于整个精子,以顶体后区和精子尾颈部表达最强。 4) 注射后第2 周～ 6 周,中剂量组犬采精困难,高低剂量组犬精子畸形率有上升的趋势。5) 在GFP 表达的高峰期, 绿色荧光精子的百分率在高、中、低剂量组分别为43. 33% 、35. 53% 和4. 55% ,具有明显的差异。结论基于LV 的 精子介导转基因法( Sperm-mediated gene transfer,SMGT) 可成功获得转基因犬精子,转基因阳性率、表达的强度与 持续时间与慢病毒滴度相关。     

27种中药提取物抑制血管生成活性的评价

对27种中药分别采用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、水进行系统提取,利用转基因斑马鱼对提取物进行血管生成抑制活性检测。提取物处理斑马鱼胚胎24 h后,统计斑马鱼节间血管(ISV)的生长情况,并计算抑制率;部分有活性的提取物进一步采用鸡胚尿囊膜（CAM）实验进行验证。实验结果显示,川芎水提物、白芍乙酸乙酯提取物、竹黄水提物、鬼箭羽乙酸乙酯提取物和水提物、乳香水提取物、大青叶乙酸乙酯提取物显示出抑制血管活性现象;其中川芎水提取物、鬼箭羽乙酸乙酯和水提物、乳香水提取物对鸡胚尿囊膜血管生成具有明显的抑制作用。从27种中药中发现了7种提取物具有抑制转基因斑马鱼节间血管生长的作用,这种作用与血管内建生长因子受体2(VEGFR2)表达有关。     

A gene expression atlas of the central nervous system based on bacterial artificial chromosomes

The mammalian central nervous system (CNS) contains a remarkable array of neural cells, each with a complex pattern of connections that together generate perceptions and higher brain functions. Here we describe a large-scale screen to create an atlas of CNS gene expression at the cellular level, and to provide a library of verified bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vectors and transgenic mouse lines that offer experimental access to CNS regions, cell classes and pathways. We illustrate the use of this atlas to derive novel insights into gene function in neural cells, and into principal steps of CNS development. The atlas, library of BAC vectors and BAC transgenic mice generated in this screen provide a rich resource that allows a broad array of investigations not previously available to the neuroscience community.     

拟南芥ACOS5基因表达模式分析

探讨了拟南芥ACOS5基因的表达模式.采用PCR方法对拟南芥col生态型基因组进行扩增,获得ACOS5基因启动子序列,将其连入p1300植物表达载体中以GFP作为报告基因,并将该载体通过农杆菌转基因转入拟南芥col生态型中,观察转基因植物花药中GFP的表达情况.结果:ACOS5::GFP转基因植物从花药发育第四期到十二期均有GFP表达,GFP的表达峰值在第八期.结论:该表达载体可用,且ACOS5基因从花药发育第四期开始有微弱表达,且随着时期发展逐渐增强,至第八期达到表达最高峰值,随后随时期发展表达量逐渐减弱.     

Analysis of the Cotton E6 Promoter

An E6 gene from sea island cotton （Gossypium barbadense） was expressed specifically in cotton fiber cells to transfer functions to cultivated species for better transgenic engineering. The regulatory activity of the E6 promoter region was then studied by isolating a 614-bp fragment of the 5＇-flanking region from upland cotton （Gossypium hirsutum CR1-12） to produce a green fluorescent protein （GFP） reporter construct for analysis of tissue-specific expression in transgenic tobacco seedlings. Fluorescent analyses indicate that the relatively short E6 promoter is sufficient to direct green fluorescent protein expression specifically in the leaf trichomes （hair cells） of the transgenic tobacco plants. As cotton fibers are also unicellular trichomes that differentiate from epidermal cells of developing cotton ovules, the result suggests that the relatively short E6 promoter can serve as a fiber-specific expression promoter for genetic engineering to improve cotton fiber quality.     

原核显微注射产生转基因绵羊胚胎

体外采集绵羊卵丘卵母细胞复合体,成熟培养24 h,经过体外受精培养17 h,比较高速离心对胚胎发育的影响;高速离心可以使黑色脂滴甩到一边从而使受精卵原核清晰可见.然后将绵羊乳腺特异表达人肝细胞再生增强因子和真核细胞表达增强绿色荧光蛋白(Enhanced Green fluorescence protein,EGFP)的载体DNA显微注射于绵羊受精卵雄原核中,并将异构胚在SOF液中发育培养.结果表明:高速离心组囊胚率低于对照组,但是没有显著性差异(P》0.05);显微注射外源基因2天后在激光共聚焦显微镜下可见荧光胚胎;PCR检测5个荧光胚胎均可见特异性条带.在原核显微注射生产转基因胚胎中,绿色荧光蛋白可作为标记基因进行早期胚胎筛选,为提高转基因动物移植效率奠定实验基础.     

Green fluorescent protein （GFP） transsenic pig produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer

Transgenic somatic cell nuclear transfer is a very promising route for producing transgenic farm animals. Research on GFP transgenic pigs can provide useful information for breeding transgenic pigs, human disease models and human organ xenotransplantation. In this study, a liposomal transfecUon system was screened and transgenic embryos were reconstructed by nuclear transfer of GFP positive cells into enucleated in vitro matured oocytes. The development of reconstructed embryos both in vitro and in vivo was observed, and GFP expression was determined. The results showed that porcine fe- tal-derived fibroblast cells cultured with 4.0 μL/mL liposome and 1.6 μg/mL plasmid DNA for 6 h resulted in the highest transfecUon rate （3.6%）. The percentage of GFP reconstructed embryos that de- veloped in vitro to the blastocyst stage was 10%. Of those the GFP positive percentage was 48%. Reconstructed transgenic embryos were transferred to 10 recipients. 5 of them were pregnant, and 3 delivered 6 cloned piglets in which 4 piglets were transgenic for the GFP as verified by both GFP protein expression and GFP DNA sequence analysis. The percentage of reconstructed embryos that resulted in cloned piglets was 1.0%; while the percentage of piglets that were transgenic was 0.7%. This is the first group of transgenic cloned pigs born in China, marking a great progress in Chinese transgenic cloned pig research.     

转MT工程菌的构建及其对重金属的抗性研究

利用重叠延伸PCR技术克隆金属硫蛋白(MT)和绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因片段,并将两基因融合连接构建重组表达载体,采用氯化锂法转化毕赤酵母,获得工程菌株.荧光显微镜观察发现,工程菌在蓝光激发下发出绿色荧光,说明GFP基因被正确表达.在培养基中加入一定浓度的铜(1.0 mmol/L,1.5 mmol/L)、铬(150 μmol/L,200 μmol/L)、镉(120 μmol/L,140 μmol/L)、砷(40 μmol/L,60 μmol/L)化合物后,对照菌生长抑制,转基因菌株长势明显好于对照菌,表现出对金属离子的耐受性,说明工程菌过表达MT能够增强宿主对重金属离子的耐受性,提高菌株耐污能力,在微生物法净化重金属废水中具有一定优势.     

Dysmyelination in transgenic mice resulting from expression of class I histocompatibility molecules in oligodendrocytes.

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are not normally expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). However, aberrant expression has been observed in multiple sclerosis lesions and could contribute to the destruction of myelin or the myelinating cells known as oligodendrocytes. The mechanism of cell damage associated with aberrant MHC molecule expression is unclear: for example, overexpression of class I and class II MHC molecules in pancreatic beta cells in transgenic mice leads to nonimmune destruction of the cells and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. We have generated transgenic mice that express class I H-2Kb MHC molecules, under the control of the myelin basic protein promoter, specifically in oligodendrocytes. Homozygous transgenic mice have a shivering phenotype, develop tonic seizures and die at 15-22 days. This phenotype, which we term 'wonky', is due to hypomyelination in the CNS, and not to involvement of the immune system. The primary defect appears to be a shortage of myelinating oligodendrocytes resulting from overexpression of the class I MHC molecules.     

Nuclear transplantation in different strains of zebrafish

Single later blastula nuclei from AB strain of zebrafish (Danio rerio) were transplanted into enucleated unfertilized eggs of Long fin strain. Of 1119 cloning embryos, 14 reconstructed embryos developed into fry. DNA fingerprinting systems of the cloned fish were similar to those of the nuclear donor fish, but were distinctly different from those of the nuclear recipient fish. It confirmed that the genetic material originated from nuclear donor cell other than from nuclear recipient egg. The research suggested that the basic technique for nuclear transplantation performed with different strains of zebrafish has made a breakthrough. It should be helpful for the study of some important developmental problems such as gene function, the regulation ogene expression during animal development, the developmental potential of a nucleus and the interactions between the donor nucleus and the recipient cytoplasm, etc.     

Fluorescence Tracking of Exogenous DNA in Genetic Transformation of the Chinese Oak Silkmoth Antheraea Pernyi via Sperm-Mediated Gene Transfer

Exogenous DNA expressing green fluorescent protein（ GFP） and labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate（ FITC） was used to transform the Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi（ A. pernyi）via sperm-mediated gene transfer（ SMGT）. Sperms entry into the female reproductive system and eggs were observed using fluorescence microscopy. The ability of A. pernyi sperms to uptake exogenous DNA was confirmed,and transfer of the exogenous DNA was shown by GFP expression in the transgenic eggs. Our result suggested that SMGT could also be used to directly generate transgenic A. pernyi expressing functional genes of interest.