基于骨架平滑与均匀膨胀的女书轮廓字形生成方法

针对手写女书字符目前尚未规范化,提取轮廓不平滑的问题,提出了一种笔画粗细均匀的女书轮廓字形生成方法,包括骨架提取、毛刺去除、骨架膨胀和轮廓提取等四个步骤。针对女书字符多呈菱形,弧笔和斜笔居多的特点,提出了一种单像素骨架提取算法;该算法结合八邻域模板邻域像素值分析与索引表遍历查找的思想,获得的骨架可以保持平滑性与骨架整体的单像素性。针对少量骨架结果伴有部分毛刺的情况,采用Rutoviz相交数分析法和Freeman方向链码法,设定不同的长度阈值和级别进行分级处理,有效去除毛刺。然后采用形态学运算对骨架进行均匀膨胀,得到笔画粗细均匀的女书字符,并采用边缘梯度和边缘跟踪的方法提取字符轮廓和生成轮廓字形。实验结果表明,该方法能快速、有效生成笔画粗细均匀、轮廓平滑的女书轮廓字形,对其他手写字符具有一定适用性。     

手背静脉识别的图像处理算法

提出了一种手背静脉图像的有效区域提取方法,在获得手背静脉图像的有效区域后,对图像进行增强和平滑处理,采用动态阈值分割算法对图像进行分割,对分割结果进行平滑细化和去除毛刺处理。仿真实验表明,该算法能够获得失真较小的静脉骨架。     

一种书法字骨架提取优化方法

书法字的骨架提取即细化是书法风格研究的重要先决步骤。针对常见细化算法结果中产生的锯齿、非单像素、分叉点畸变和毛刺等问题进行改进。引入一种旋转不变性的细化算法得到汉字的中轴线。接着分以下两步进行优化:首先在保证图像连通的条件下进行单像素化处理;其次引入最大圆方法进行分叉点合并。实验结果表明,两步法得到的细化结果是单像素且无毛刺和分叉点的,为后续笔画提取和书法风格研究奠定良好的基础。     

手背静脉识别的图像处理算法

提出了一种手背静脉图像的有效区域提取方法,在获得手背静脉图像的有效区域后,对图像进行增强和平滑处理,采用动态阈值分割算法对图像进行分割,对分割结果进行平滑细化和去除"毛刺"处理.仿真实验表明,该算法能够获得失真较小的静脉骨架.     

一种有效的骨架毛刺去除算法

针对数学形态学骨架化算法可能出现的多像素宽度情况,定义了端点、节点、尾支和毛刺等概念,在此基础上设计了一种分级毛刺去除算法,作为形态学骨架化算法的后处理手段,此算法能够有效去除多余分支,使骨架更加准确和稳定地反映目标的几何结构。     

基于区域生长和融合特征SVM的涂胶缺陷检测

针对传统的涂胶工艺缺陷检测精度低、效率低的问题,文章提出一种基于区域生长和融合特征支持向量机(support vector machine, SVM)的涂胶缺陷检测算法。首先对图像进行预处理操作;然后通过改进的快速细化算法提取涂胶区域,将去除毛刺后骨架特征作为起始生长种子,为改善分割不完全现象,采用中心像素加权灰度和区域自适应阈值生长准则分割出完整的涂胶区域;最后结合改进边缘梯度特征和区域纹理特征的优点,将改进的梯度方向直方图-多半径局部二值模式(improved histogram of oriented gradient-multi radius block local binary pattern, IHOG-MBLBP)融合特征送入SVM多分类器进行训练,实现对涂胶区域缺陷的精确检测。经过实验验证,所设计的缺陷检测算法能够精确地提取骨架并分割出完整的涂胶区域,对于涂胶缺陷具有较高的检测精度和效率,能够满足工业生产需求。     

一种改进的脱机手写文字细化算法

在分析已有细化算法的基础上,针对两个像素宽的文字笔划,设计像素保留算法,有效解决了文字笔划断裂及丢失问题。实验证明,该改进算法能够准确提取文字骨架,在批量手写文字识别处理领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

一种基于重心的快速细化算法

分析快速细化算法和OPTA细化算法不足产生的内在原因,提出一种新的基于重心的快速细化算法.该算法根据被细化图像的特点,用密度重心快速将纹线细化到3个像素宽度内,计算4邻域拓扑实现彻底细化.仿真结果表明,在细化效率方面,该算法一次遍历删除超过一半的大量冗余像素,是快速细化算法的3～7倍;在细化要求方面,该算法可达到绝对单像素、光滑无毛刺,并能保持端点不被吞噬,能够很好地满足图像细化的要求.     

基于像素标识细化方法抗笔画边缘毛刺的研究

对基于像素点标识的新细化算法在抗笔画边缘毛刺方面的作用进行了深入研究．基于像素点标识的新细化算法中细化保留点的确定是基于像素标定信息矢量的，而影响像素标定信息矢量的领域非常大，边缘无规律的毛刺对标定信息矢量的影响被平均化了，该细化算法的细化结果受边缘毛刺的影响最小，对比研究证实了这一点．给出了对比研究的结果，研究了该算法抗笔画边缘毛刺的机理．     

改进的ZS细化算法在FPC缺陷定位的应用

针对ZS细化算法中存在冗余像素,在运用到柔性电路板(Flexible Printed Circuit Board, FPC)短路和断路缺陷定位时,会出现误检和重检的情况,提出了一种改进的ZS细化算法.首先,对FPC原始图像进行通道分离和二值预处理,运用ZS细化算法获取初始细化图像;然后,针对Z字型,T字型和十字型交点处存在的像素冗余,构造9个删除模板,改进经典ZS细化算法,消除ZS细化算法的冗余像素;最后,将改进的ZS细化算法、Hilditch细化算法和经典的ZS细化算法应用到FPC短路和断路缺陷定位中,并进行对比.结果表明：改进的ZS细化算法处理时间比经典的ZS细化算法稍长,但只有Hilditch细化算法的1/3左右;改进的ZS细化算法在保证FPC骨架连续性的基础上,实现骨架的单一像素化,可以准确快速地定位FPC的短路和断路缺陷.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.