岩体力学边界元数值计算中插值函数的改进

在样条函数替代边界元数值计算中，常用分段多项式插值作函数逼近，其优点非常突出：一方面，在给定区间上用三次样条逼近任意有二阶连续导数的函数，均方差最小；另一方面，三次样条的阶次较低，结点值的误差不会因插值计算而扩散很远，插值计算的稳定性好。文中分析样条插值函数特征，给出了具体求解格式。数值计算中引入样条函数，使最终系数矩阵变成带宽很窄的条带阵，为解决边界元数值计算中遇到的困难奠定了基础。     

边界元法的S-L型插值

本文介绍一种由B样条函数结合拉格朗日插值多项式而构造的边界元法S -L型插值 ,它克服了仅由B样条函数构造的插值函数 ,由于存在端点导数值而造成的计算困难 ,从而使整个数值计算过程更便于处理     

一类保正的有理三次插值样条

利用分段有理三次插值样条解决了正数据的保形问题.该插值样条函数形式固定唯一,插值曲线整体上达到了C1连续.实例表明该方法实现了曲线保正,此外还给出了该样条的逼近性质分析.     

Padé型样条的构造

从Padé样条和Padé型逼近的相关理论出发,利用被插函数在插值点处的函数值以及直到k阶的导数值作为插值条件,构造了Padé型样条,证明了其惟一性,给出其构造方法、数值实例并作出图形。该文构造的Padé型样条不仅可根据被插值函数的特征来选取分母,使其产生较好的逼近效果,而且可避免求解高次非线性方程组,说明了Padé型样条比Padé样条更好地逼近被插值的函数。     

三次多项式局域插值样条

给出了曲线的一种图示方法，即用三次多项式局域插值样条来拟合原始数据，讨论了这种拟合的存在性，唯一性及逼近阶。     

短肢剪力墙的一种新计算方法

在三次样条函数及分段样条函数等概念的基础上，考虑墙肢截面竖向位移的非均匀性分布，提出了短肢剪力墙的样条有限墙元模型。在建立单元的能量方程后，对方程进行变分得到墙元的常微分方程。通过推导单元特征方程的解及应用虚功原理，建立了墙元的刚度矩阵和荷载向量。应用本文提出的模型，进行了算例分析。通过比较三种模型的计算结果，可以证明，用分段样条函数插值的方法代替线性插值，提高了计算精度，增加了灵活性，比较真实地反映了短肢剪力墙结构的受力和变形特点，并且计算量小，计算结果可靠，因此可以广泛地应用于这种结构的受力分析中。     

电磁场计算中的样条边界元法

提出了用于电磁场计算的样条边界元法。文中基于B样条函数插值,推导了二维静态场中样条边界元法的计算公式,有效地处理了边界角点和奇异积分问题。最后,将该方法用于计算两个实例。     

偏微分方程的样条小波及替代算法

研究了三次样条插值的小波插值函数,证明了在给定的插值节点上的小波插值函数是三次样条函数空间中的最佳逼近函数,给出插值函数的误差估计式,提出了用两个一阶导算子矩阵替代二阶导算子矩阵的替代算法,并对Burgers方程进行了验算。     

分段Hermite插值多项式求解梁的动力反应

在求解梁动力反应的Duhamel积分中利用分段三次Hermite插值多项式逼近任意动力荷载,推导了相关公式,当动力荷载为分段三次或三次以下的多项式时,Duhamel积分是有精确解,因而与一般的数值积分法和逐步积分法相比、本方法不但具有较高的计算精度,而且大大减少了计算工作量.     

保凸有理二次插值

提出了一种构造C^1连续的保凸分段有理二次插值函数的方法，所构造的插值函数分母是线性多项式，分子是二次多项式．由于函数表达式中含有调节参数，这使得插值曲线更具灵活性．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.