墨汁鬼伞多糖测定及提取工艺研究

用蒽酮浓度硫酸法测定了墨汁鬼伞多糖，探索出墨汁鬼伞多糖的最佳提取工艺，浸提比１：１５沸水浴提取１．５小时。     

响应面法优化微波辅助提取粪鬼伞多糖工艺的研究

用微波辅助提取技术从粪鬼伞（Coprinus sterqulinus Fr．）菌丝体干粉中提取粪鬼伞多糖。在单因素试验的基础上,依据响应面分析法研究了微波功率、提取时间和料液比对粪鬼伞多糖提取率的影响,确定微波提取粪鬼伞多糖的最佳工艺参数为：微波功率637W、提取时间3min、料液比为1：23,粪鬼伞多糖的提取率为14．39%。     

粪鬼伞多糖的提纯与定性研究

采用水提醇沉法提取粪鬼伞粗多糖（CPS）,并对其提纯与鉴定。CPS经酶法结合Sevag法脱除蛋白,上DEAE—cellulose-52柱和Sepharose-6B凝胶柱层析,分离纯化得多糖CPS—Ⅰa。经紫外光谱扫描,Sephadex G-100凝胶柱层析和红外光谱分析,结果显示,多糖CPS—Ⅰa具有葡萄糖醛酸的特征吸收峰,α—D吡喃糖苷键连接,是一种酸性多糖。     

粪鬼伞深层发酵培养的研究

采用深层发酵培养粪鬼伞菌丝体。重点讨论影响粪鬼伞菌丝体生物量生长的主要因素,确定了深层发酵培养的最适条件。     

河南的鬼伞科真菌资源研究

根据野外采集的标本，经鉴定，整理河南境内生长分布的鬼伞科的大型真菌资源种类有１２种，分别隶属鬼伞属、小脆柄菇属和斑褶菇属。     

正交提取金果榄粗多糖的工艺研究

目的:研究金果榄粗多糖的提取优化条件。方法:以金果榄多糖得率为指标,采用L9(34)正交实验设计,考察提取时间、温度、提取次数及料液比等因素对金果榄粗多糖提取得率的影响。结果:其粗多糖最佳提取条件为:A1B3C2D2,即提取时间1.5h,提取次数3次,提取温度80℃,料液比1:20,此条件下多糖得率为13.64%。结论:本方法结果可作为提取金果榄粗多糖工艺的依据。     

灰盖鬼伞子实体发育中的水溶性胞外多糖

在灰盖鬼伞（Coprinus cinereus）的子实体发育过程中，其单住干重水溶性胞外多糖的总糖含量逐渐累积至阶段2即发生减数分裂的阶段达到最高，随后逐渐减少，在自溶阶段即阶段5又有所回升。每个子实体的水溶性胞外多糖的总糖含量随着子实体的发育而逐渐增加。阶段0的第三潮原始体的水溶性胞外多糖的总糖含量高于第一和第二潮的。醋酸纤维薄膜电泳结果显示此胞外多糖只有单一组分。GC结果显示，此胞外多糖由甘露糖，葡萄糖，木糖，半乳糖，葡萄糖醛酸构成，比例为1．00：0．17：0．12：0．09：0．21。化学分析表明没有己糖胺存在。     

响应面法优化南沙参多糖类成分提取工艺

目的:探讨不同提取方法对南沙参多糖的提取率影响,优化南沙参多糖提取工艺.方法:在单因素试验基础上,应用响应面法进一步优化南沙参多糖提取工艺.结果:优化的南沙参多糖提取条件提取火力(功率)为700 W、时长为85 min、料液比为1:35(g/mL),此时微波法对南沙参多糖的提取率为10.50％,显著高于其他提取方法.结...     

盐酸提取法和微波提取法提取燕山板栗多糖的最佳工艺及比较

为探明燕山板栗多糖的最佳提取工艺,采用单因素试验和正交试验确定了盐酸提取法和微波提取法提取板栗多糖的最佳条件,并采用苯酚-硫酸法和高效液相色谱法比较了两种提取方法在多糖得率和分子量分布上的差异。结果表明:盐酸提取法提取板栗多糖的最佳工艺为:盐酸浓度为0.72 mol/L,提取时间为40 min,提取温度为70℃,提取剂用量为20 m L/g,多糖得率为18.66%±2.54%;微波提取法提取板栗多糖的最佳提取工艺为:提取时间为50 s,微波强度为800 W/g,提取剂用量为30 m L/g,多糖得率为11.87%±0.87%;在最佳条件下盐酸提取法可显著提高板栗多糖得率,且分子量测定结果显示盐酸提取法对板栗多糖的降解作用小。因此,两种提取方法中,盐酸提取法是燕山板栗多糖提取工艺的较优方法。     

黄精多糖的提取优化及抗氧化活性研究

通过优化黄精多糖的提取工艺,研究多糖的抗氧化作用。正交试验结果表明:提取时间,提取次数,料液比对黄精多糖的提取均有明显影响,影响的主次顺序为提取时间提取次数料液比。确定最佳的提取黄精多糖的参数为:提取时间1. 5 h,提取次数为4次,料液比为1∶25,在此条件下,得到黄精多糖的提取率可达到(7. 96±0. 12)%。抗氧化试验表明,黄精多糖具有一定的抗氧化活性,并且对自由基的清除率均呈现浓度依赖性,多糖对这几种自由基的清除能力顺序为ABTS+··OH DPPH· O_2~-·。以Vc抗氧化活性研究作为对照,黄精多糖的抗氧化活性均小于Vc。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.