基于三角模糊数互反判断矩阵一致性的多目标决策方法

针对决策信息为三角模糊数互反判断矩阵的模糊多目标决策问题.首先,介绍了数值型互反判断矩阵及其一致性、三角模糊数相互比较的可能度公式、三角模糊数互反判断矩阵及其一致性等知识.其次,基于三角模糊数一致性互反判断矩阵概念及最小偏差建立一个线性规划模型,通过求解该模型得到三角模糊数互反判断矩阵的排序向量,根据排序向量比较的可能度所建立的数值型互补判断矩阵的排序公式对方案排序.提出了一种新的模糊多目标决策方法.最后,通过风险投资项目的选择验证了方法是行之有效的.     

互补判断矩阵排序的梯度特征向量法

互反型判断矩阵与互补型判断矩阵可以相互转换.决策者在对某些判断没有把握的情况下,可以给出互补判断矩阵的上三角或下三角部分,转换成互反型判断矩阵,得出互补型判断矩阵的梯度特征向量法.     

正互反矩阵相邻扰动对排序权向量的影响

目的 研究层次分析法（ＡＨＰ）中,关于正互反矩阵元素扰动的灵敏性分析问题,方法 提出正互反矩阵元素的相邻扰动概念,利用正互反矩阵元素相邻扰动对排序权向量的影响进行层次分析法灵敏性分析研究,在严格证明了理论结果的基础上,对更一般的情况进行了统计模拟。结果与结论 正互反矩阵元素的相邻扰动与排序权向量的相应元素的变化有一致的关系,对层次分析法的科学运用有重要意义。     

一种两两比较判断矩阵的探讨

研究互补型判断矩阵的构成及求解方法。根据“成”的概念,给出互补型判断矩阵的构成和标度,通过与互反型判断矩阵对比,得出了互补型判断矩阵的求解方法,在对二者所得结果分析优劣的基础上,进一步修改标度,获得了一种改进的互补型判断矩阵。互补型判断矩阵符合我国的语言习惯,其求解方法与互反型的是对应的。而标度改进后,更有在各种情况下均可获得较高判断精度的优点。     

一种基于PSO算法的群体决策新方法

为了提高群体决策者意见的一致性和协调性,提出了偏好矩阵集成的新方法.基于决策者用区间积型互反判断矩阵来表示他们对方案的偏好,建立了区间积型互反判断矩阵的最大最小值集成模型,利用粒子群优化算法(PSO)去求解模型,并通过数值例子的结果说明了集成模型的合理性和可行性.     

基于模糊一致矩阵性质的正互反矩阵一致性调整方法

讨论正互反判断矩阵与模糊互补矩阵,正互反一致性矩阵与模糊一致性矩阵的关系,并对正互反判断矩阵的一致性提出了一种基于模糊一致性矩阵性质的调整方法.算例表明用该方法对判断矩阵的一致性进行调整工作量小且行之有效.     

衡量判断矩阵相容性的一个通用指标

首先介绍了互反判断矩阵与互补判断矩阵之间的转换公式,以及完全一致性互反判断矩阵和完全一致性互补判断矩阵之间的关系。然后在综合考虑互反判断矩阵与互判断矩阵各自特点的基础上,给出了衡量判断矩阵（包括互反判断矩阵和互补判断矩阵）相容性的一个通用指标,以及互反权重矩阵和互补权重矩阵等概念。对判断矩阵的相容性和一致性详细地进行了研究,并给出了衡量判断矩阵相容性准则。这些结果在群组决策中具有良好的应用前景,有助于进一步提高决策的合理性和有效性,最后进行了算例分析。     

基于灰色关联分析的专家群体判断一致性分析

基于灰色关联分析方法,检验由群决策构造的互反判断矩阵一致性.采用专家的平均判断矩阵作为群体互反判断矩阵.通过计算各个专家构造的互反判断矩阵与群互反判断矩阵之间的关联度大小来判别是否满足预设的专家群体互反判断一致性指标（QR）的要求.并且针对群决策不一致性提出了调整方法.最后,将灰色关联分析方法与指标相容性不一致性判别方法进行对比分析.结果证明灰色关联分析方法对偏离较大的判断矩阵具有更敏感的识别,而且调整后的判断矩阵能够满足一致性的要求.     

一种基于IOWGA算子的群体决策新方法

考虑决策者两两比较过程中的随机性,提出区间积型互反判断矩阵的不一致性新指标,建立新的IOWGA信息集成算子,给出群体决策新算法,基于综合矩阵获得区间数权重并择优。数值实例阐明了群体决策新模型。     

一种基于GACIOWGA算子的群体决策新方法

为了进一步研究在决策问题中出现的不理性行为,基于时间序列出发,定义积型互反判断矩阵的全局满意一致性,提出区间积型互反判断矩阵的不一致新指标,为研究在决策问题中出现的不理性行为提供了新思路和方法,数值实例表明了方法的有效性,具有一定的创新性和实用价值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.