银粉活化镀铜、界面结构与性能

将经硅烷偶联剂KH-560改性后的银粉均匀涂覆到预固化的环氧树脂表面,银粉经过处理后可作为活性中心活化化学镀铜,得到致密、导电性高、结合力强的铜镀层。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线测厚仪、能谱仪（EDS）、电阻测试仪等手段系统研究了KH-560改性后银粉的化学态、化学可镀性、银粉界面层的结构与厚度、镀层与树脂之间的结合力以及镀层的导电性,结果表明：KH-560可以成功改性银粉,银粉表面的硅烷偶联剂膜会影响银催化镀铜的效果,但可以通过水解去除偶联剂膜从而暴露出银粉达到催化化学镀铜的目的。当KH-560用量（占银粉质量分数）为4%时,镀层与树脂之间的结合力最大为2.27 MPa,较未用KH-560改性银粉镀层的结合力提升了25.4%;铜镀层均匀致密,电导率约为3.15×10⁷ S/m。     

环氧树脂/石墨微片复合导电材料的导电性

研究环氧树脂 /石墨微片复合导电材料的制备规律 ,实验发现固化剂种类、固化剂用量和固化条件对复合材料的电阻率都有影响 不同的固化剂 ,复合材料的电阻率不同 ,在最佳固化剂用量和最佳固化条件下 ,复合材料可获得最低电阻率 实验还研究石墨含量对环氧树脂复合导电材料的影响 ,发现复合材料具有渗滤效应 ,渗滤区石墨质量分数为 0 .0 2～ 0 .0 5 ,相应的电阻率约为 10 12 ～ 10 4Ω·cm .     

导电填料对环氧导电胶性能的影响

以环氧树脂为基料，通过改变增韧剂的种类（邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、液体聚硫橡胶），从中优选出一种增韧效果好的增韧剂，用来确定胶粘剂量佳配方的配比，同时研究了加入不同含量导电性填料（石墨、碳粉）的环氧树脂导电胶，并测试出不同含量的导电性填料，对环氧树脂导电胶拉伸剪切强度及电阻率等性能的影响。从中选出了一组导电性能最佳的胶粘剂配方。     

建筑业修缮实用粘接技术

建筑业的修缮,有许多地方若采用化学粘接技术,既省工方便、降低费用,又效果良好。下面介绍几种实用粘接技术：一、建筑物裂缝的修复１．胶粘剂配方（质量份）：Ｅ－４４环氧树脂１００份,６５１聚酰胺５０份,水泥１００份,细砂２０～３００份,丙酮适量。２．粘接工艺：先在裂缝下面用支柱撑好,再按上述配方制成胶粘剂灌注到裂缝中去,待胶粘剂完全固化后再拆去支柱,裂缝便可修复。二、房屋室内屋面渗漏的修复１．胶粘剂配方（质量份）：Ｅ－４４环氧树脂１００份,乙二胺８～１０份,４２５号普通水泥３００～５００份,丙酮适量。…     

导电油墨复合材料的制备及性能研究

以热固性酚醛改性环氧树脂作为联结剂,以石墨/炭黑为导电填料,制备了改性环氧树脂基导电油墨。采用电阻仪、热重分析仪、力学性能测试及扫描电镜研究了其导电、耐热、力学性能及形貌特征。导电填料,钛酸丁酯,聚乙二醇,磷酸三丁酯的最佳比例分别为:60%,5%,0.5%和0.3%。导电油墨的起始分解温度为348℃,在600℃的残炭率为30%。弯曲强度、弯曲模量和弯曲应变较纯的环氧树脂体系分别提高了66.2%、29.2%和49.3%。     

固化行为对碳纳米管改性环氧树脂导电涂料性能的影响

制备以碳纳米管复合导电云母粉为导电填料、以改性环氧树脂为成膜树脂的大型储备油罐用的涂料。研究了固化行为对涂料主要力学性能、导电性能、玻璃化温度、交联密度和弹性模量的影响。结果表明当涂料24℃固化3天时交联密度增大附着力达到最高但下降。电阻率不稳定。当涂料24℃固化7天,固化完全,附着力最佳和电阻率稳定。涂料的交联密度、玻璃温度和弹性模量均不发生变化。     

一种耐高温改性环氧胶粘剂的研制

介绍了一种双马来酰亚胺（ＢＭＩ）改性环氧树脂胶粘剂,１８０℃固化２ｈ,可于２３５℃长期使用,３００℃短期使用,用于金属管路的高温灌封,满足了实际需要。     

环氧树脂的物理老化与内应力

用两种不同的硅油（ＡＴＰＳ和ＰＴＰＳ）改性环氧树脂Ｅ５１，并研究了硅油与环氧树脂之间的化学键合以及该改性树脂的形貌结构对改性体系物理老化的影响。用应力跟踪测试仪测定等温固化和冷却中体系内应力的变化情况，并讨论了环氧树脂的物理老化与内应力弛豫的内在联系。     

多用途覆合薄膜粘合剂制备与性能研究

以丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）、醋酸乙烯（ＶＡＣ）赤主要单体,采用乳液聚合法制备多用途覆合薄膜粘合剂,探讨了ＶＡＣ、改性单体、乳化剂及反应温度对粘合剂性能的影响,得出最佳的制备条件为：ＶＡＣ用量１５％;改性单体用量４％;乳化剂用量２％;反应温度７５￣８３℃;所得粘合剂的剥离强度高达２８Ｎ／２５ｍｍ。     

一种新螺环单体的合成及对F-44的改性研究

由羟基香茅醛合成了多元醇3，7-二甲基-2，2-二羟甲基-1，6辛二醇并由它合成了螺环原碳酸酯单体3、9-二羟甲基-二（6-甲基-5-羟基）-2-庚基-1，5，7，11四氧杂螺环[5、5]十一烷单体以及它的预聚体，并用其来改性酚醛环氧树脂F-44．利用红外光谱对多元醇。螺环单体及预聚体进行了表征．依据DSC测试结果确定了固化温度：利用万能材料实验机测试了固化改性酚醛环氧树脂的力学性能．实验表明。预聚体的加入提高了酚醛环氧树脂的剪切强度和拉伸强度．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-