偏序集广义拟阵的闭包公理

在偏序集拟阵的基础上,引入了偏序集广义拟阵的函数,定义了偏序集广义拟阵的闭包算子,讨论了偏序集广义拟阵的一系列性质.最后得到了偏序集广义拟阵的闭包公理.     

关于偏序集拟阵与闭包算子的关系

给出了偏序集拟阵的闭包算子和闭集的定义，并讨论了其相关性质，推广了拟阵理论中的有关结果，同时指出闭包算子和闭集在偏序集拟阵理论与拟阵理论中的区别和联系。     

偏序集拟阵的偏序集性质及其应用

通过对偏序拟阵的偏序集性质和广义拟阵通的偏序集性质的分别研究，得到了偏序集拟阵和广义拟阵二的关系，即每个偏序集拟阵均为广义拟阵，但反之不然。又利用这种关系得出拟阵中的贪心算法能够推广到偏序集拟阵进而组合格式中，并阐述了利用这种关系对于研究偏序集拟阵理论和广义拟阵理论的一些其他作用。     

偏序集拟阵中的三类算子及十四滤子定理

在具有逆序对舍对应的有限偏序集上的偏序集拟阵中定义了闭包、内部和取补3种算子，研究了这3种算子的一些性质，最后证明了偏序集拟阵中的十四滤子定理。     

拟阵中算子的性质

在有限集上定义了闭包、内部、外部和边界等算子,然后用类似于拓扑学中的方法研究了这些算子与拟阵之间的关系,并研究了这些算子的复合性质.结果表明,这些算子的每一个都可以确定惟一的一个拟阵,Kuratowski 14集定理在拟阵中成立.     

偏序集与不同种广义拟阵间的包含关系

众所周知,偏序集理论在研究广义拟阵论中起着重要作用.但是偏序集理论与不同种广义拟阵间的包含关系的直接联系是什么呢?怎样运用偏序集理论的手法去解决该问题呢?为得到答案,首先对于定义在同一集上的全体广义拟阵构造一个偏序关系,运用这种偏序关系讨论不同种的广义拟阵间的包含关系.多数结论是以构造方式给出,因此也使其在理论和运用方面更加简捷明了.     

模糊拟阵中模糊闭包算子的特征

首先推广了拟阵理论中的元素与集合的相关性概念，给出了模糊拟阵的模糊相关性的定义，并进行了深入的讨论，揭示了模糊相关的性质和模糊相关的条件。在此基础上提出模糊闭包算子的概念，研究了模糊闭包算子的一系列特征以及它与模糊拟阵的导出拟阵的闭包算子之间的关系。最后给出模糊拟阵的模糊闭包公理，对深入研究模糊拟阵的内在本质，完善模糊拟阵理论具有重要意义。     

拟阵的确定

本文定义了拟阵的差导算子,证明了对每个给定的有限集X,可以给加（X）（即X上拟阵差导算子的全体）上赋予适当的序≤使得（DD（X）,≤）与（CL（X）,≤）（即X上拟阵闭包算子的全体）,（F（X）,≤）（即X上拟阵闭集族的全体）之间是完备格同构的．     

偏序集拟阵间强映射的交换性质

首先给出偏序集拟阵上秩的概念，并由此产生了偏序集拟阵间(秩)强映射的概念，这种强映射满足交换性质．然而，之后给出的(平坦)强映射却不满足交换性质．说明拟阵间的强映射之交换性质是不能直接推广到偏序集拟阵上．     

拟阵的独立集构成的偏序集

为了将贪心算法与偏序集进行结合,以挖掘拟阵的更多算法,对拟阵的独立集族与偏序集之间的关系进行研究;利用拟阵的独立集全体关于集合的包含关系构建偏序集,利用布尔格的结构性质,讨论该偏序集的性质,得到有限偏序集在满足何种条件时,必为拟阵的结构的充要条件。结果表明:在同构意义下,有限偏序集与该偏序集所建立的拟阵之间的对应是满足一定条件的偏序集与无环拟阵之间的双射;建立了拟阵与偏序集之间的桥梁,可以将关于拟阵的一些研究成果转化为偏序集理论框架下的结论,反之亦然。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.