甲酰基异长叶烯的合成新方法和产物的分离

报道了由２－羟甲基异长叶环烷和２－羟甲基异长叶烯直接用过量１００％的铬酸溶液，于０℃，在氮气中进行反应的合新方法，介绍了用梯度洗脱柱色谱分离了２－甲酰基异长叶环烷和２－甲酰基异长叶烯的方法。     

甾体药物安宫黄体酮中杂质的分离和鉴定

应用柱色谱方法对安宫黄体酮多次重结晶母液中所含的杂质进行了分离和纯化,并应用NMR和MS等波谱方法确定了5个孕甾烷型杂质的结构:17α-氧乙酰基-6α.甲基孕甾一3,20-二酮、17α-氧乙酰基孕甾4-烯-3,20-二酮、17α-氧乙酰基孕甾4-烯.20-酮、17α-氧乙酰基-6β羟基-6α-甲基孕甾4-烯-3,20-二酮、17α-氧乙酰基-6α-羟基-6β-甲基孕甾4-烯-3,20-二酮.为安宫黄体酮的质量控制及代谢研究提供了依据.     

水泽兰净油化学成份的研究

使用GC/MS/DC技术,结合TLC/SP方法对水泽兰叶净油化学成分进行了分离分析。鉴定了以金合欢烯为主要成分的42个化合物,它们是2-甲基丙酸、2-甲基丁酸、E-2-甲基巴豆酸、Z-2-甲基巴豆酸、非兰烯、对繖花烃、茨烯、十一烷、桧醇、4,7-二甲基苯骈呋喃,1-异丙基-2-甲氧己基-4-甲基苯、2-异丙基-1-甲氧基-4-甲基苯2-烯丙基苯酚、对甲氧基苯乙酮、3-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、1,3,4,5,6,7-六氢-2,5,5-三甲基乙撑萘、香树烯、长叶松烯、α-木罗烯、对甲氧基苯丙酮、1,4-二甲氧基-2,3,5,6-四甲苯、β-石竹烯、香柠檬烯、β-顺金合欢烯、香豆素、β-瑟林烯、α-金合欢烯、金合欢醇、β-红没药烯、β-反金合欢烯、T-杜松烯、檀香醇、氢化香附烯、3-(4′,8′-二甲基-3′,7′-二烯-6′-壬酮)呋喃(E)、6,7-二氢顺金合欢烯、4a,5,6,7,8,8a-六氢-7-异丙基-4a,8a-二甲萘酮-2,β-甜橙醛,Z-3-(4′,8′-二甲基3′,7′-二烯-6-壬酮)呋喃,6,10,14-三甲基-2-十五酮,正十六醛,正十八醛,梨霉素。其中包括几种净(精)油中少见的组分。研究了用AgNO_3浸渍薄层分离萜烯化合物及其衍生物。研究了用薄层色谱与光谱联用方法和利用薄层板上反应进行分析鉴定。     

没药挥发性化学成分的研究

用水蒸气蒸馏法提取没药挥发性化学成分.用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用技术进行结构鉴定.从中鉴定出45个化合物,其主要成分为:4,5,6,6A-四氢-2(1H)-并环戊烯酮、1,5,9-三甲基-1,5,9-环十二碳三烯、4-乙烯基-4-甲基-3-异丙烯基-1-异丙基-环己烯、α-毕橙茄油烯、十氢-3A-甲基-6-亚甲基-1-异丙基-环丁[1,2:3,4]二环戊烯、脱氢香橙烯、1R,3Z,9S-4,11,11-三甲基-8-亚甲基双环[7.2.0]十一碳-3-烯、柏木烯、1-乙基-1-甲基-2,4-二异丙烯基-环己烯、7-亚甲基-2,4,4-三甲基-2-乙烯基-双环[4.3.0]壬烷、1,2,3,4,4A,5,6,8A-八氢-7-甲基-4-亚甲基-1-异丙基萘.     

宽叶鼠麴草化学成分的研究

对滇产宽叶鼠麴草(Gnaphalium adnatum)枝叶粗提物进行化学成分研究,采用反复硅胶柱层析、重结晶的方法分离纯化得到14个化合物,通过现代谱学方法和理化常数测定鉴定了它们的结构,分别为:7-O-(2′-异戊烯基)-5-羟基-1(3H)-异苯并呋喃酮(1),7-O-(β-D-葡萄糖苷)-5-羟基-1(3H)-异苯并呋喃酮(2),5,7-二羟基-1(3H)-异苯并呋喃酮(3),银椴苷(4),4-(3′,4′-苯甲氧基)-3-甲基-3-烯-2-酮(5),对苯二甲酸-(正丁基-异丁基)-二醇酯(6),3β-香树脂醇(7),4,22-二烯-3-酮豆甾烷(8),4,22-二烯-3-酮-6β-羟基豆甾烷(9),5,22-二烯-7-酮-3β-羟基豆甾烷(10),5-烯-7-酮-3β-羟基豆甾烷(11),二十四烷酸甘油酯(12),豆甾醇(13),胡萝卜苷(14).所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物1～12为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

抗肿瘤药物——(Ⅵ)异烟肼同型物的合成

以异烟肼为载体合成了4个新的植物生长控制剂衍生物:N-(α-荼乙酰)-N′-(异烟酰)-肼、N-β-(荼氧乙酰)-N′-(异烟酰)-肼、N-(对-氯苯氧乙酰)-N′-(异烟酰)-肼和N-(2,4,5-三氯苯氧乙酰)-N′-(异烟酰)-肼。通过红外光谱、核磁共振、质谱测定,确证其化学结构。初步抗癌试验结果:化合物在100μg/ml浓度,对低分化鼻咽癌上皮细胞株(CNE2)的抑制作用不明显。     

木香型香料异长叶烯基醇的合成

报道了通过异长叶烯的Ｐｒｉｎｓ反应产物水解制得２－羟甲基异长叶烯，而后由２－羟是长叶烯直接用过量１００％的铬酸溶液于０℃在氮气中进行反应，最后将反应产物分别与三种格氏试剂加成、水解拷贝蜊三种不同的木香型香料异长叶烯基醇。     

3-N,N-二甲基氨基-1-芳杂环基-2-丙烯-1-酮合成

目的合成3-N,N-二甲基氨基-1-(3-吡啶基)-2-丙烯-1-酮及其类似物。方法用二甲苯作为溶剂,使N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基缩醛与乙酰基芳杂环类化合物,如乙酰吡啶、乙酰噻吩和乙酰呋喃等,在138℃反应24 h,生成3-N,N-二甲基氨基-1-芳杂环基-2-丙烯-1-酮类化合物,并对目标化合物进行了分析鉴定及表征。结果合成7个目标化合物,产率为86%-92%。结论合成方法简便,反应条件较温和,反应产率较高,目标化合物可用于合成新型抗癌药物甲磺酸伊马替尼及其类似物。     

西松烯内酯的合成研究——Ⅱ.中间体苏式-7-羟基-3,9,13-三甲基-6-异丙烯基-(2E,8E,12)-十四碳三烯苯硫醚的合成

以香叶醇为原料经过4步反应得到8-溴-3,7-二甲基-(2E,6E)-辛二烯基苯硫醚(7),(7)与(?)牛儿醛在Cr(Ⅱ)作用下立体选择地得到苏式-7-羟基-3,9,13-三甲基-6-异丙烯基-(2E,8E,12)-十四碳三烯苯硫醚.     

5-芳氧亚甲基-2-(对甲基苯氧乙酰胺基)-1,3,4-噁二唑的合成

在醋酸汞作用下，1-芳氧乙酰基-4-(对甲基苯氧乙酰基)氨基硫脲环化生成了5-芳氧亚甲基-2-(对甲基苯氧乙酰胺基)-1，3，4-噁二唑，用元素分析、IR及^1HNMR确证了其结构。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.