特征值的上下限和求特征值的一个迭代算法

本文在已知某近似特征对的基础上,给出了一个简单和有效的求特征值上下限的方法,并且近似特征值肯定属于上下限之一.此外,文中还提供了一个矩阵特征值问题的从单边逼近精确值的迭代算法.     

用幂法求方阵特征值的一个注记

用幂法求方阵的近似特征值和近似特征向量的主要作法如下:设A为给定的方阵,任取初始向量x_0,作向量序列x_k+1=Ax_k,(k=1,2,…)。若x_(k+1)和x_k的对应分量近似成比例,则这个比例系数就是A的特征值的近似值,而x_(k+1)就是相应的近似特征向量。在许多计算方法的教科书中,上面的幂法被称做求按模最大的特征值的一个方法。的确,在一定条件下,当k充分大时,x_(k+1)和x_k近似成比例,且其比例系数趋向于A     

一个施图姆-刘维尔方程最大特征值的逼近公式

改进了一种计算施图姆-刘雏尔方程大特征值的方法,运用泰勒展开对渐进公式中的奇异积分项进行近似,并且由于大特征值对应的特征函数具有较多零点这一特性,用系数在某点的取值来近似代替该周期的变化.对一类非常系数的施图姆-刘雏尔方程的大特征值分布和逼近有较好的计算结果.考虑系数的变化,得到了一个改进的大特征值计算公式.算例表明,考虑扰动项的改进公式同样可以取得较好的计算结果.     

约束优化问题中LP最小值序列的性质和判定

借助于谱分解定理以及矩阵理论中的特征值的排序,优于等相关性质定理来研究Hermite矩阵近似特征向量与相应的Rayleigh商矩阵作为近似特征值之间的关系,进行特征值的扰动分析,并推广了一个应用广泛的结论.     

关于Rayleigh商矩阵近似特征值估计

借助于谱分解定理以及矩阵理论中的特征值的排序,优于等相关性质定理来研究Hermite矩阵近似特征向量与相应的Rayleigh商矩阵作为近似特征值之间的关系,进行特征值的扰动分析,并推广了一个应用广泛的结论.     

求解Toeplitz矩阵特征值反问题的不精确牛顿方法

研究了求解大型Toeplitz矩阵特征值反问题的数值方法。用迭代方法(内迭代)求这些线性方程组的近似解,给出了求解大型Toeplitz矩阵特征值反问题的不精确牛顿方法。该方法可避免牛顿方法的“过度求解问题”,改进牛顿方法的有效性。数值结果表明不精确牛顿方法优于牛顿方法。     

解双曲型方程的Lanczos方法

本文利用Lanczos τ—方法的思想,将求双曲型方程近似解的问题,代之以求一个摄动方程的近似解,最后将问题归结为代数特征值问题。这样求得的近似解析解,使我们能够在大范围内求得解的近似值。     

求解对称矩阵特征问题的精化Arnoldi方法

研究在有限精度下,如何用精化Arnoldi方法求对称矩阵的一组正交程度可达到机器精度的近似特征向量组.首先给出精化Ritz向量的一个新的表达式,该表达式表明理论上对不同的近似特征值,一般地无法保证精化Arnoldi方法所确定的精化Ritz向量组是正交的.进一步,采用再正交化方法便可得到一组正交化程度可达到机器精度的标准正交近似特征向量组,最后的数值结果验证结论的准确性,同时再正交化后得到新的近似对的残量几乎是不变的.     

关于Steklov特征值问题非协调元逼近的一个注记

探索了凹角域上Steklov特征值问题的非协调元逼近.数值实验结果表明用非协调Crouzeix-Raviart元、Q1rot元、EQ1rot元求得的近似特征值具有三角线性协调元的精度阶,而且可能下逼近于准确特征值。     

一致渐近在特征值问题中的应用

利用由Bassom等提出的一致渐近方法研究了具有简单转折点的大特征值问题,得到了大特征值问题的严格的Airy渐近解,它在Stokes线上一致成立;并得到了大特征值的近似表达式.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.