Mackenzie三角洲风暴相关的海岸水动力现象

针对西北风和东风这2种强风在Mackenzie三角洲开敞水域时期占主导地位的特点,运用SWAN模型对1次西北向风暴过程中的风暴浪进行模拟,并基于实测风、流数据和MODIS数据对2次东风引起的海岸水动力现象进行分析。结果表明:西北向风暴影响水域中上层的波浪和强流,引起明显的波浪增水和波能耗散;东向风暴可以引起从海表到海底的强流,甚至强度较弱的持续东风都可以引起上升流和水体混合;西北风和东风都会使水底的细小泥沙发生运动。     

对流层风廓线雷达资料质量分析

为了检验对流层风廓线雷达观测数据的准确性,利用2014年6-7月咸宁的对流层风廓线雷达和GPS移动探空资料,以GPS探空观测值为参考,对对流层风廓线雷达的观测质量进行对比分析,定义两者风向偏差在15°以内或风速偏差在3m/s以下的样本为有效样本,通过比较有效样本占总样本数的比值来判断风向和风速数据的质量。结果表明:降水量对风场影响不明显,风速和风向有效样本数的变化不同,比较时段内,风向数据的质量优于风速,降水提高了风向数据的质量;1~10km高度,风向数据的质量较好,而降水将提高该数据的质量;8km高度以下,风速数据的质量较好,降水对该数据的质量起反效果。总体来说,除近地层(1km以下)外,风速值越大,风向数据的质量越好,降水对高层风向数据的质量有正贡献。     

地面风传感器加热装置设计及试验研究

在冬季雨雪、冻雨、雨凇和雾凇等天气现象发生时,自动气象站风传感器转动部件容易发生冻结,造成风向风速观测数据缺测。为解决风传感器冻结的问题,设计一种基于分级加热技术的风传感器加热装置,采用多级加热元件组合控制的方式,实现自适应启动不同级别的加热模式。通过试验对风传感器加热装置性能进行测试,以及对风向风速观测数据进行处理分析,评估风传感器加热装置在气象观测业务中应用的可行性。结果表明,带有加热装置的风传感器起到了很好的防冻结作用,运行更加稳定;带有加热装置的风向风速数据完整性优于未带有加热装置的风传感器,两者风速具有较强的相关性,相关系数均在95%以上;两者风向一致性显著,均在80%以上,十分钟风向一致性优于两分钟风向一致性。可见,风传感器加热装置可有效减少风传感器冻结发生的次数,及时消除结冰层,降低观测人员设备维护工作量,提高风传感器运行的稳定性和数据的连续性,为风传感器加热装置应用于气象观测业务提供决策支撑。     

基于数学期望的风向和风速对农田防护林网防风效能的影响

为研究农田防护林网在全年的时间尺度上对不同方向有害风的综合防护效能,在野外实地观测不同风向(与主林带夹角分别为90.0°,67.5°,45.0°,22.5°和0°)和风速(5.2和7.3m/s)条件下的林网内防风效能,根据各风向有害风发生频率计算数学期望值,利用克里金(Kriging)插值法进行模拟,并用地统计学的方法分析防护林网的空间自相关性.结果表明:防护林对不同风向的风均有较强的防护作用,随着风向与主林带夹角的减小,平均风速呈现出增大的趋势,防风效能分别达到69.5%,66.2%,60.4%,59.8%和50.1%;不同风速条件下防风效能均达到50%以上,低风速和高风速时平均有效防护面积分别为90.1%和44.0%;不同风速条件下林网内空间变异系数分别与指数模型和高斯模型相拟合,林带内风速块金值较低,变程较大,具有强烈的空间自相关性和样本区间的合理性.     

超声波式与螺旋桨式测风传感器数据对比分析

风速风向测量对船舶航行、系泊、防台、救援等有重要的作用,文中以超声波测风传感器数据为基准,结合螺旋桨式测风传感器安装位置,对航行状态的螺旋桨式测风数据进行了误差分析,并指出了各个方向上的风速风向误差源,为螺旋桨式测风传感器的总体布置优化提供参考。     

风向对某超高层建筑等效静风荷载的影响

风向和平均风速联合分布是风荷载的基本特征之一,本文研究风向对某超高层建筑等效风荷载的影响,主要包括以下三个部分:(1)获取建筑物所在地区气象站的风向风速气象资料,并统计得到各个风向上的设计风速;(2)对某超高层建筑进行36个风向角下的刚性模型同步测压风洞试验,试验中模拟了周围建筑对超高层建筑的干扰作用;(3)结合各个风向上的设计风速,基于风洞试验结果,用随机风振理论计算超高层建筑的等效风荷载.本文得到的结论为超高层建筑设计提供参考.     

风电场风况无线数据采集系统的研制

讨论了研制一套风电场风况无线数据采集系统的基本原理和电路设计 .在分析了风电场风况特性、风速和风向传感器及无线数据传输模块工作原理的基础上 ,设计了风电场无线风况数据采集系统主机模块和从机模块的硬件电路和软件 ,采集了实际来流风速、风向的数据     

云南上空700hPa等压面风能资源分布分析

对云南区域(97.5°～107.5°E,22.5°～30°N)从1948年1月至2009年12月的时间段内的700 hPanc风场和温度场月平均再分析资料进行了风速、风功率密度随时间变化的分析和风向的频率分布情况分析.结果发现:云南上空700 hPa平均风速风功率密度年际变化总体波动平稳,二者变化趋势一致.700 hPa上平均风速和风功率密度的月际变化显现出明显的月份特征:最大的月是2月,其次是3月,各月风速、风功率密度差异显著.各季度的风功率密度由大到小依次是:冬季,春季,秋季,夏季,其中冬季波动明显.以云南为中心的(10°～30°N,87.5°～117.5°E)范围内风功率密度图显示云南上空700 hPa风速、风功率密度也有其显著的空间分布特点:滇东南风速较大,风能功率密度大;滇北海拔高,风速小,风功率密度小.云南上空700 hPa风向特点显著:多为偏西偏南风,各季节各年度风向较为集中,并且频率较高的风向伴随较大的风速和风功率密度.     

太湖湖风个例分析

利用太湖周边19个气象站及太湖中尺度通量观测网4个涡动通量观测站逐时风向、风速及温度的数据,以及苏州市6 min一次的风廓线雷达观测数据,对太湖2012年6月7日湖风的风、温及边界层高度特征进行了分析。结果表明,由于北岸及东岸存在苏州、无锡等城市,城市热岛环流与湖风环流相耦合,北岸和东岸湖风产生时间早于西岸和南岸。在湖风旺盛发展时刻,北岸及东岸的风向偏转速度大于南岸及西岸。湖风环流的垂直高度变化显著,在湖风发展最旺盛的14:00,湖风边界层高度可达550 m。     

南昌市主要空气污染物浓度及其与风力风向关系研究

对2016年南昌市PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、NO_2等主要空气污染物随时间变化特征进行了统计分析,并运用广义可加模型探究了它们与风力、风向的关系,并在风力风速一定时重点探讨了它们之间的内在联系。研究表明,2016年南昌市空气质量较好,PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、NO_2浓度达到国家二级标准的天数超过80%,AQI指数级别为优良的天数达到317天。从季节差异来看,秋冬季时空气质量较差,春夏季的情况相对较好。从空气污染随风力、风向变化的关系来看,AQI指数在盛行东北风时随风速增加;风向为偏东且高风速时,PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、NO_2浓度相对较高;风向风速一定时三种污染物之间呈正相关,且PM_(2.5)与PM_(10)相关性较高;PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)超过国际标准的天数有93天,并且当风向为西北、北、东北且风速高时比值较高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.