双层镍-磷化学镀研究

分别研究了酸性镍—磷镀层、碱性镍—磷镀层、酸性镍—磷—铜镀层的耐蚀性及它们对底材A3钢耐蚀性的影响。认为当镀层质量较好时，耐蚀性较强，但如果镀层存在缺陷，则易引起底材局部腐蚀；双层镀对抑制局部腐蚀有利。     

化学镀镍层性能的实验研究

对酸性化学镀、碱性化学镀、多元化学镀进行了多种实验。实验对3种不同镀层的性能逐一进行了测试;为了提高镀层的硬度,对镀层进行了不同温度的热处理。实验结果表明,多元镀Ni-Cu-P镀层的耐蚀性最佳,而酸性镀层次之,碱性镀层的耐蚀性最差;在400~500℃热处理后,镀层硬度达到最高值,其中以多元镀Ni-Cu-P的硬度最高,摩擦系数也低,说明多元镀层的耐磨性很好。     

稳定剂对铁基表面化学镀Ni—P合金耐蚀性能影响的研究

本文利用化学镀方法在铁基材基片上实现了优质镀镍磷沉积,成功地研制了沉积速率较高,稳定性优良的化学镀镍磷工艺,该工艺的镀浴是酸性次亚磷酸盐体系镀液。研究了各实验因素的影响和镀层的耐腐蚀性。     

化学镀Ni-P合金的工艺条件研究

采用单因素试验法和正交试验法研究了还原荆以及化学镀时间、温度、pH值对化学镀沉积速度的影响,得到了一种稳定性好、镀速快的化学镀Ni—P合金的工艺.其最佳工艺条件为:NiSO4·6H2O30g/L,NaH2PO2·H2O40g/L,柠檬酸钠10g/L,醋酸9mL/L,乳酸9mL/L,pH值6.0,施镀温度90℃,施镀时间1.5h.该工艺条件下,镀速可达11.14mg/(cm2·h),化学镀1.5h后镀层厚度可达23.6-24.0μm.镀层具有较强的耐蚀性,孔隙率分布较窄.镀层表面平整、光亮、分布均匀,有可视性很好的淡黄色的光泽,无麻点、裂纹、起泡、分层或结瘤等缺馅.     

NdFeB磁性材料化学镀非晶态Ni—W—P合金及其相转变行为

采用化学镀方法在NdFeB磁性材料表面施镀非晶态Ni—W—P合金,利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及X射线衍射仪对Ni—WP合金镀层的组织形貌、结构及其相转变行为进行了分析．结果表明,非晶态Ni—W—P合金镀层是由大量不同尺寸的颗粒状或胞状突起组成,随着热处理温度逐渐升高,镀层结构由非晶结构逐渐转变为晶态结构,非晶态Ni—W—P合金镀层的晶化转变温度范围为350～380℃．     

G105钢及其化学镀Ni—P合金的化学腐蚀磨损

研究了无润滑磨损条件下，G105钢及其化学镀Ni—P合金在空气和氮气中的化学腐蚀磨损行为．结果表明，两种材料的磨损速度随载荷、滑动速度增大而增大，磨擦系数随之降低．气体介质中的氧含量对G105钢影响较大．在无润滑磨损条件下，化学镀Ni—P合金不适合作为G105钢抵抗化学腐蚀磨损的表面改性镀层．     

稀土元素化学镀镍工艺及防腐性能研究

研究了在稀土元素存在条件下，钢铁表面进行化学镀Ni—P合金时其镀液成分对镀层的影响，检验了镀层的耐腐蚀性。结果表明：用最佳工艺镀得的镀层较厚，耐腐蚀性能较好，镀层光亮、致密。     

压电陶瓷表面酸性化学镀镍磷

以次亚磷酸钠为还原剂,在压电陶瓷表面进行酸性化学镀镍磷。采用正交设计法,通过测试镀液中各组分对镀层结合强度和沉积速度的影响,选出最佳的酸性化学镀配方。研究了粗化时间对镀层结合强度的影响,同时检测了镀层的耐蚀性。实验结果表明:压电陶瓷表面化学镀的镀层具有优良的结合力和耐海水腐蚀性能。     

Ni-P-MoS2与Ni-P-CaF2化学复合镀层自润滑性能的对比研究

为对比研究Ni—P—MoS2和Ni—P—CaF2两种化学复合镀层的自润滑性能,以45钢为基体,制备了Ni—P-MoS2和Ni-P-CaF2复合镀层并研究了镀层的施镀工艺,详细介绍了caF2、MoS2固体自润滑微粒镀前预处理技术,通过金相显微镜、x射线荧光仪对复合镀层的表面形貌和结构等性能进行了分析,在PLINT微动疲劳试验机上对复合镀层的自润滑性能进行了测定。结果表明：所述复合镀层的工艺配方能够可靠完成复合镀层的施镀,常温下,Ni-P-MoS2复合镀层具有优异的自润滑性能,且优于常温下的Ni—P—CaF2复合镀层。     

新型表面处理技术——镍—聚四氟乙烯化学复合镀工艺

材料表面处理是一项能降低生产成本,提高零件使用寿命,以及能使材料具备某些特殊功能的技术,目前,主要有材料表面化学热处理、热喷涂、电镀、化学镀等。笔者研究的镍—聚四氟乙烯(Ni—PTFE)化学复合镀工艺是在表面化学镀镍—磷(Ni—P)合金工艺的基础上,复合进聚四氟乙烯微粒。聚四氟乙烯是一种化学稳定性和干润滑性俱佳的有机高分子材料,耐酸碱,摩擦系数和抗粘着性极低,而Ni—P化学镀的合金镀层,经热处理后硬度和耐磨性均得以提高。Ni—PTFE化学复合镀工艺则集中了以上两种工艺的优点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.