基于样图的肝脏体纹理合成与映射方法

为了能够在虚拟手术仿真系统中,可以清楚地看到肝脏的内部真实情况,增强用户的视觉临场感,将体纹理的原理与方法引入到肝脏的真实感绘制中。首先对样本集进行了处理,采用多样本的体纹理合成方法合成肝脏体纹理。其次,为了提高图形硬件的映射效率,将纹理地图集引入体纹理的映射中,采用基于三角形包围盒高度递减排序的方法填充纹理地图集,提高了纹理地图集的填充率。实验结果表明,映射之后的肝脏模型能够清晰地展示肝脏的内部纹理结构。研究成果对于虚拟肝脏手术的真实感绘制具有重要的意义,也为其它人体器官的体纹理合成与映射提供了思路。     

基于矢量量化压缩的大规模体数据直接绘制

针对大规模体数据通常不适合于硬件三维纹理加速绘制的问题,使用基于区域分裂的LBG算法对大规模体数据进行矢量量化压缩,使得其压缩编码适合硬件纹理空间大小.并在图形硬件的可编程渲染器中对压缩后的三维纹理体数据进行实时地矢量解码和绘制,在解码过程中通过设定掩码纹理给出了大规模体数据的局部感兴趣区域的体绘制.实验结果表明,在不同压缩比和信噪比下,大规模体数据绘制的图像仍然具有较高的质量且维持高帧速率,绘制性能满足实时交互.     

结合网格编码量化的小波包纹理图像压缩算法

为了提高对纹理丰富图像的压缩效果，首先用小波包变换对纹理丰富的图像进行完全分解，再用一种与后续编码器相关联的代价函数进行最佳基搜索，以提高对纹理图像的表达能力。为了提高编码算法的率－失真性能，对搜索出来的最佳基所对应的小波包系数采用变块尺寸方法进行分类，再对分类结果采用网格编码量化器进行量化，最后对量化结果进行熵编码。仿真结果表明，所构造的编码器与SPIHT算法相比，峰值信噪比提高了0．5－2dB，可用于对指纹、遥感等图像的压缩。     

基于小波和匹配跟踪的分层图像编码算法

提出了一种基于小波和匹配跟踪的分层图像编码算法. 该算法将原始图像划分成包含不同结构特征的平滑边缘层和纹理层,采用不同的压缩算法对不同的图像层进行编码,从而达到对整幅图像最优编码的目的. 实验结果表明,该算法不仅能够有效地捕捉图像中所包含的边缘和纹理等具有高频窄带的信号特征,而且在极低位率下的重建图像质量要优于单一小波图像编码算法.     

图像纹理分析与纹理测度

为了从更深层次上进行系统的纹理分析 ,首先概括了纹理分析中的困难并从寻找纹理的本质入手 ,回答了纹理图像与普通数字图像间的差异、成像尺度与图像纹理间的关系、窗函数的选取等问题并给出了计算一幅具体图像纹理性大小的算法。从采样频率和成像尺度的角度来看待图像纹理在该领域内尚属首次。仿真实验对Brodatz像册中全体纹理图求取了纹理性因子的大小并进行了排序 ,试验表明该求取纹理性因子的算法与视觉感受趋于一致。对图像纹理理论探讨的欠缺是纹理分析的瓶颈 ,该文是在一这方面努力尝试的结果     

基于主动表观模型的人脸图像描述与编码

利用主动表观模型(AAM)来对人脸图像进行描述和编码,该方法不仅对人脸形状进行建模,同时又建立了反映人脸灰度变化的纹理模型,并将纹理模型与形状模型合理地结合起来,反映了整个人脸形状及纹理。实验表明了AAM方法进行人脸描述和编码的有效性。     

基于多分辨率小波和高斯混合模型的纹理图像分割

提出了一个基于多分辨率小波采样和高斯混合模型的纹理图像分割方法。该方法首先对图像进行必要的预处理,然后对图像进行小波“金字塔”分解。分解后的小波系数和图像共同组成了相应像素的特征向量,然后利用高斯混合模型进行分割。分割的实验结果表明,该算法具有较强的分割能力。     

基于分维特征的肝脏CT图像识别

目前分形理论已被广泛应用于医学图像识别.本文利用了改进的差分盒计数法对肝脏CT图像进行了分形维数的分析,表征了肝脏图像的纹理特征,则可识别医学图像肿瘤信息.医学图像识别的结果可以直观的方式显示给临床医生,从而辅助医生提高医疗诊断的准确性和科学性.     

图像纹理特征的提取方法

纹理特征是图像分析的重要线索,纹理特征的提取方法层出不穷,本文重点介绍了几种借助纹理统计特性的提取方法,并对其算法进行了比较.这些方法包括:1、基于图像灰度直方图的特征提取;2、基于图像灰度差值直方图的特征提取;3、基于图像灰度共生矩阵的特征提取.     

基于Curvelet和小波变换的纹理图像识别

提出了一种基于Curvelet变换与小波变换相结合的纹理图像分类算法.小波变换在分析点奇异信号时具有良好的性能,而Curvelet变换更适合分析图像中的曲线或直线状边缘特征.算法通过提取两者分解子波段的统计学和灰度共生矩阵特征,采用支持向量机对纹理图像进行分类.实验结果表明,和单一的多分辨率变换特征提取相比,该算法具有更高的分类准确率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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