我国城市绿地系统的规划与建设

城市绿地系统作为城市自然系统的主体,发挥着重要的生态功能.我国城市绿地建设普遍滞后,现在的城市绿地系统规划还存在不少问题,本文在分析绿地功能的基础上指出了在我国城市绿地系统规划与建设中所存在的几个主要问题,粗略地点明了解决这些问题的几点对策,尝试构建了使我国城市绿地系统规划顺利进行的内外条件.     

城市空间的立体开发与利用

对中国城市地下空间开发利用的有关问题作了初步的研究，城市绿地系统是改善城市生态环境的重要手段；城市地下空间作为一种资源，是扩大城市生存发展空间的一条重要途径。为建设可持续发展的生态城市，针对我国城市土地资源紧张和存在大量绿化“欠账”的现实，提出城市绿地与地下空间复合开发的建设模式，并对该模式的综合效益进行研究，以探求其合理性。     

基于景观生态学的黄石市城市绿地系统研究

城市绿地系统合理的规划对发挥城市绿地系统的综合效益具有重要意义。运用景观生态学原理,在遥感技术的支持下对黄石市土地进行分类并提取绿地信息,对绿地系统的景观格局进行了定量研究和分析。研究表明,黄石市绿化覆盖率较高,但绿地斑块的分布不够合理,人口密集区是一片低绿化区。并运用景观生态学原理,对城市绿地系统规划提出了建议。     

城市绿地科学规划探讨

介绍了城市景观和城市绿地系统对城市景观的贡献，分析了城市绿地系统规划层次，指出各规划层次的规划原则、目标、具体内容及实施规划的措施，提出了科学编制城市绿地系统规划应考虑的6个基本问题和打造生态园林城市的10项建议。     

城市水资源在城市绿地系统中配置研究

随着我国经济的飞速发展，水资源短缺问题日益突出，实现城市水资源在城市绿地系统中的优化配置势在必行。文章对绿地水资源进行了简单论述，并在此基础上，提出了城市绿地系统水资源优化配置措施。     

城市总体规划中绿地系统的建构——以东兴市为例

本文以总体规划中城市绿地系统规划为研究对象,对景观生态学在城市绿地系统规划中的应用进行详细分析,并结合东兴市城市绿地系统规划作实例分析,以期为城市绿地系统规划提供新的思路和视角。     

我国城市绿地防灾避险功能研究综述

城市绿地因其结构特征与功能特性成为城市防灾减灾救灾体系的重要组成部分。明确城市绿地在灾时可承担的防灾功能,梳理总结城市绿地防灾避险功能研究领域的最新进展与动态,对于提高城市绿地的灾时避难功能具有重要的指导意义。以城市绿地为研究对象进行灾时功能分析,对我国城市绿地防灾避险功能研究具有代表性和引领性的理论方法及实践经验进行总结,明确研究成果及未来发展趋势,提出城市绿地防灾避险功能研究方法体系。分析认为,我国城市绿地防灾避险功能理论研究成果展现出灾时功能得到充分发挥、规划方法体系日渐完善、方法技术不断成熟的趋势,实践方面则展现出体系建设和设施建设适用性不断提高的方向。为此,依托城市绿地系统特点,基于新的绿地分类标准,从体系层面的城市绿地系统规划布局入手,调整各类型城市绿地在灾时承担的功能,构建从选址布局、规划、设计到建设管理的系统化研究方法体系。未来的研究应进一步明确各类城市绿地在灾害发生时其空间布局、平面形态及基础设施等方面的防灾避险功能转换可行性,构建新的城市绿地系统布局模式。     

城市绿地健康效益的群体差异及绿化投入影响研究

城市绿地可以显著提升居民健康水平。文中通过构建城市绿地带来的居民健康效益回归模型,引入收入及社会地位指标,分析不同社会经济地位群体获得的绿地健康效益差异;引入绿化投入指标,分析绿化投入的提升是否影响居民整体健康水平,以及绿化投入能否弥补不同收入群体间的健康效益差距。结果表明:城市绿地对所有居民都具有积极影响,但高收入、高社会地位人群获得的健康效益显著多于低收入、低社会地位人群。绿化投入的增加可以提升居民整体健康水平,但扩大了高健康层次的群体差距。     

城市绿地系统的服务功能及其建设探讨--以开封市为例

城市绿地系统作为城市生态系统的还原组织，在维持城市生态平衡中发挥了重要的作用，笔者分析了城市绿地系统的生态和社会功能，并结合开封市的绿地系统建设的现状及存在的问题，提出了具体的改革措施．     

基于GIS与CBR的城市绿地规划支持系统及其关键技术

分析和指出了现行城市绿地规划设计方法的缺陷，在此基础上，基于GIS与CBR技术，尝试性地提出了建立城市绿地规划支持系统进行规划设计的思想，同时给出了城市绿地规划支持系统的总体结构设计，并着重阐述了实现这种系统的关键技术，即基于G1S技术的现状信息网络发布与修改技术及CBR技术支持下的城市绿地规划参考方案的产生方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.