盐酸戊乙奎醚对大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞缺氧/复氧后的保护作用

目的：从细胞水平建立大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞缺氧/复氧模型，观察了盐酸戊乙奎醚对心肌微血管内皮细胞的H/R损伤的保护作用。方法：实验采用酶消化法进行细胞的原代培养，1：2传代。采用荧光标记乙酰化Dil-Ac-LDL的方法鉴定。培养的细胞随机分为4组，①对照组，常氧环境下培养，不给予任何处理；②H/R组，改培养液为D-Hank,s液，于37℃、5%CO2、95%N2 密闭缺氧鑵内培养2h后，弃D-Hank,s液，改为完全培养液，放入常氧培养箱中继续培养4h;③PHC预处理组，在细胞缺氧2h前给予PHC（终浓度为0.1μm•L-1）预处理，④H/R +PHC组，在细胞H/R后，给予PHC（终浓度为0.1μm•L-1）孵育2h。MTT自动比色法测细胞活力，流式细胞法检测细胞凋亡。结果：①成功培养大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞，用荧光标记乙酰化Dil-Ac-LDL的方法鉴定为微血管内皮细胞。②成功制备出微血管内皮细胞的H/R模型 将试验细胞培养液改为D-Hank,s 液，置于37℃、5%CO2、92%N2 密闭缺氧罐中环缺氧2h，后改为完全培养液放入常氧培养箱中继续培养4h可制备出微血管内皮细胞的I/R模型。③. H/R组细胞死亡率和凋亡率与对照组相比明显增高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），PHC+H/R组的细胞死亡率和凋亡率下降，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,H/R+PHC组与对照组相比，虽然细胞的死亡率和凋亡率有所下降，但差异没有统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：PHC预处理对大鼠微血管内皮细胞的H/RI有保护作用。 关键词：盐酸戊乙奎醚；心肌微血管内皮细胞；缺氧/复氧     

新生大鼠神经干细胞分离培养及缺氧损伤模型的建立

目的建立缺氧损伤模型,观察缺氧损伤对神经干细胞分化的影响。方法用MTT,LDH等方法比较95%N2,5%CO2比率的缺氧气体分别培养1,2,4,6,8 h神经干细胞的变化。结果三天内的大鼠海马存在大量神经干细胞,可分化为神经元、胶质细胞等神经细胞类型,95%N2,5%CO2比率的缺氧气体培养6 h后神经干细胞OD值由缺氧前0.369±0.352降至0.270±0.229,LDH 漏出量由缺氧前10.374±0.390 unit/ml.min增加到14.710±1.337 unit/ml.min,差异显著。结论证实了新生大鼠海马内提取的细胞为神经干细胞,神经干细胞缺氧培养6 h可以建立神经干细胞缺氧损伤模型,但短时间缺氧培养对细胞分化类型无明显改变。     

FGF-2对大鼠心肌细胞保护作用的机制

目的:探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF-2)在内质网(ER)应激中对心肌的保护作用.方法:建立SD大鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧模型,使用衣霉素(TM)建立SD大鼠心肌细胞内质网应激模型.观察对照组与FGF-2及牛磺熊去氧胆酸(TUDCA)治疗组细胞凋亡情况,并使用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)试剂盒检测各组心肌细胞活力.Western blot和实时荧光定量核酸扩增(q-RTPCR)检测各组内质网应激相关分子的表达.结果:缺氧/复氧可引起心肌细胞内质网应激增加,与缺氧/复氧组相比,FGF-2预处理组及TUDCA预处理组内质网应激减弱;FGF-2和TUDCA均能改善缺氧/复氧引起的心肌细胞凋亡及活力减弱;FGF-2能够抑制TM诱导的内质网应激;与TM处理组相比,FGF-2预处理组心肌细胞凋亡减弱,细胞活力改善.结论:缺氧/复氧及TM均可以通过内质网应激诱导心肌细胞损伤,而FGF-2可以通过抑制内质网应激而保护心肌细胞.     

Ghrelin通过诱导细胞自噬加剧H9c2细胞缺氧复氧损伤

用CoCl₂诱导H9c2细胞缺氧损伤24 h后,再将培养基换成新鲜培养基,以模拟心肌细胞体外缺血-再灌模型,并在此基础上通过ghrelin对细胞自噬的调节来评价ghrelin对心肌细胞缺氧-复氧损伤的调节作用.用流式细胞技术和LDH活性检测细胞凋亡和坏死.WST-1检测细胞活力;DCFH2-DA探针评估细胞内活性氧水平;用Western blotting检测细胞自噬.研究结果表明ghrelin处理的缺氧-复氧损伤细胞活力降低、LDH活性、细胞凋亡、ROS含量及自噬增加,用3MA处理后可明显抑制细胞自噬,并伴随细胞活力的显著升高,因此,ghrelin通过加强细胞自噬加剧了CoCl₂诱导的H9c2细胞缺氧-复氧损伤.     

大脑皮质微血管内皮细胞培养及其缺氧性损害模型

建立改良的体外培养大鼠脑皮质微血管内皮细胞缺氧模型．取1～5d Wistar乳鼠脑皮质获得的脑微血管内皮细胞（BMEC）进行体外培养，缺氧组置入一个经改造的保鲜盒内，密闭并通入混合气体（95％N2和5％CO2）12h，检测缺氧细胞的形态结构、细胞死亡率及培养液中乳酸脱氢酶漏出量．结果显示缺氧BMEC形态结构损伤，细胞死亡率增加，细胞乳酸脱氢酶漏出量显著增加（p〈0．01）．该模型可使脑血管内皮细胞受到损伤，证实该模型具有一定的可靠性、操作简便，可重复性强，为体外研究脑血管疾病提供帮助．     

熊果酸对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的H9c2细胞的保护作用（英文）

为研究熊果酸(UA)对H9c2细胞心肌缺血/再灌注的影响,将细胞分为对照组、心肌缺血再灌注组(I/R)、熊果酸组(10,20,40μmol·L~(-1))和尼莫地平阳性对照组(5μmol·L~(-1)).在细胞缺氧和复氧之前给药6h后,经CCK-8检测细胞的增殖能力,采用流式细胞术检测钙离子(Ca2+)摩尔浓度、活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的产生及细胞凋亡情况.结果发现,UA对心肌缺血/再灌注细胞损伤的细胞具有明显的保护作用,其主要通过抑制细胞中细胞因子和趋化因子的释放,进而抑制I/R受损细胞的凋亡.蛋白质免疫印迹实验结果显示,与I/R组相比,UA能够显著诱导细胞中SLC8A2,RyR1,RyR2及Bcl-2的表达,抑制剪切型Caspase-3,Cyt-c,p-ERK1/2和p-p38蛋白的表达,且随着UA浓度升高趋势愈明显,表明UA对H9c2细胞的I/R损伤的保护作用具有浓度依赖性.UA促进细胞增殖和对心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的H9c2细胞保护作用可能与细胞中Ca2+摩尔浓度及ROS值降低有关,其主要机制可能通过ERK1/2和p-38信号通路介导.该研究能为UA保护H9c2细胞免受I/R损伤提供依据.     

蛇床子素对人精子细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用

目的探讨蛇床子素对精子细胞氧化损伤的保护作用及机制.方法将收集的精子细胞分为5组,空白对照组无处理因素正常培养,模型组加入H2O2缺氧液培养1 h,各药物浓度组再加入H2O2缺氧液培养,同时加入50,150,450μmol/L蛇床子素培养液培养1 h,处理完毕后检测各组精子细胞存活率、精子活力、精子低渗膨胀实验、精子细胞SOD活力、MDA含量.结果蛇床子素可提高氧化损伤后精子存活率,增加精子活力,提高精子运动能力,提高精子细胞SOD活性,降低MDA含量,与模型组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).结论 50,150,450μmol/L蛇床子素均能减轻精子细胞缺氧损伤,其机制可能与蛇床子素能提高精子氧化损伤时细胞膜稳定性、保护细胞完整性、提高精子活力有关.     

NADPH氧化酶在油酸诱导的H9c2心肌细胞凋亡中的作用

本研究旨在探讨NADPH氧化酶活化在油酸诱导的H9c2心肌细胞损伤中的作用.以体外培养H9c2心肌细胞为研究对象,用不同浓度(200,400,800μmol/L)油酸刺激H9c2心肌细胞(24,48,72 h),采用MTT法检测细胞活力;流式细胞术检测细胞内活性氧和凋亡指标;免疫印迹法检测细胞内Caspase 3,Bax,Bcl-2变化.结果表明,油酸刺激明显抑制细胞增殖、细胞内活性氧水平明显增加、Cleaved-caspase 3蛋白水平明显增加、Bcl-2/Bax蛋白水平明显降低;NADPH氧化酶抑制剂DPI预处理明显改善油酸所致H9c2心肌细胞增殖抑制、活性氧增加和凋亡.本研究结果提示NADPH氧化酶活化参与油酸所致H9c2心肌细胞凋亡.     

人参多糖通过抑制ROS水平和凋亡保护H2O2诱导的心肌细胞氧化应激损伤

为探讨人参多糖缓解心肌氧化损伤的功效,利用过氧化氢(H2O2)诱导的H9c2大鼠心肌细胞建立体外心肌氧化损伤模型,利用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)检测细胞存活率,试剂盒检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA),流式细胞术检测活性氧(ROS)和细胞凋亡,Western Blot法检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白.结果表明：与对照组(Con)比较,H2O2能够使细胞存活率显著下降(P<0.001);与H2O2诱导组(模型组,Mod)比较,6.25 μg/mL人参多糖预防治疗24 h将细胞存活率由(57.47±5.08)%提高到(85.65±4.28)%(P<0.001),说明人参多糖能够对抗H2O2诱导的细胞毒性作用.流式细胞术DCFH-DA染色结果显示：与Con组比较,H2O2显著升高细胞ROS水平;而人参多糖预防治疗24 h后细胞ROS水平降低,提示人参多糖能够抑制H2O2诱导的H9c2细胞活性氧水平升高,并通过降低MDA含量及提高SOD活性缓解氧化应激损伤.同时,人参多糖可通过增加H2O2诱导损伤引起的Bcl-2/Bax比值,降低凋亡相关蛋白表达来缓解氧化应激导致的细胞凋亡.总之,人参多糖通过抑制ROS水平和细胞凋亡保护心肌细胞氧化应激损伤,为阐述人参保护心脏功效机制及产品研发提供了实验依据.     

间歇运动对I/R损伤大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

为了探讨间歇运动预处理作用的细胞凋亡调控机制,32只大鼠被随机分成4组:间歇运动训练模型组、一次间歇运动模型组、对照模型组和对照假手术组,运动训练结束后进行在体心脏缺血再灌注实验,采用TUNEL法和RT-PCR技术检测心肌细咆的凋亡及调节基因(Bcl-2、bax)的表达.结果显示:高强度间歇运动训练和一次高强度运动都能减少I/R心肌细胞的凋亡,影响Bcl-2和bax的表达,使Bcl-2/bax增加.说明对心肌细咆调亡的调节是运动预处理的重要机制之一.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-