往复式压缩机管道系统气流脉动的数值与实验研究

通过实验和数值分析研究了两台往复式压缩机并机运行时管道系统中关键部位的气流脉动,根据计算流体动力学(CFD)方法建立了管道系统流体动力学模型,提出了合理的边界条件,分析了层流和湍流两种模型下管道系统中的气流脉动。通过实验数据对比发现,采用CFD方法中的湍流模型计算管道气流脉动比层流模型更加合理,进而研究了3种不同湍流模型下的气流脉动特性和压力不均匀度,结果表明,标准k-ε湍流模型在计算管道系统气流脉动时最为准确,并适用于研究分析不同转速的压缩机并机运行时管路间的相互影响,及各管路中气流脉动随压缩机转速变化的规律。     

往复式空压机管道内气流脉动脉对设备影响

空压机管道 内气流脉动方程是拟线性偏微分方程组，采用吉尔法进行数值计算分析，有效解决了解的发散问题，文中介绍了方程组的变换、数据解法边处理等问题，以及气流脉动对空压机设备垢影响。     

通风、空调系统中气流再生噪声的试验研究及其在消声计算中的应用

通风、空调系统中的气流再生噪声,是在消声计算中必须考虑的重要问题.管道系统中,气流再生噪声的产生和传播服从非齐次的声学波动方程.作者根据声学理论和空气动力学相似原理,对气流再生噪声辐射声功率进行分析,按布金汉(E.Bukingham)方法,得到气流再生噪声声功率公式:W=pv~3d~2f(Re,Str,M),并进行了一些典型部件的气流再生噪声声功率的试验研究,得到了有关圆管、弯管和调节阀等部件的气流再生噪声经验公式或曲线.作者根据国内外有关资料,编制了通风、空调系统的消声计算程序,可供大型集中通风、空调系统计算应用.并且选择了陕西省计量所集中空调系统为对象,进行计算和现场测试对比,取得了较满意的结果.     

喷气织机封闭式喷气引纬管道内气流的测试分析

本文以封闭式喷气引纬管道为研究对象,分析计算了喷嘴内气流速度的变化规律,得出一组喷嘴内气流马赫数 M 与位置 x 的关系曲线;并分析研究了封闭引纬管道内气流速度的变化规律以及气流速度的计算方法,并对封闭引纬管道内气流速度进行了测试分析。     

考虑气流影响的直通穿孔管消声器声学性能

为了研究气流对消声器传递损失的影响,采用有限元法(finite element method,FEM)和计算流体力学法(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)相结合的方法来解决这种流声耦合问题.以直通穿孔管消声器为例,计算出它们存在气流时的传递损失,并与文献中的实验数据和预测结果进行对比,以验证计算结果的准确性.研究结果表明:当忽略消声器内部气流引起的湍流噪声时,随着气流速度的增加,除了共振峰值处的传递损失显著减小外,多数频率处的传递损失有所增加,尤其是在较高频段内变化较为明显;随着气流温度的增加,传递损失曲线向高频方向移动.     

任意弯管内二元分离流数值模拟

本文利用有限控制体法对一个任意弯曲形状管道内的气流流动进行了数值模拟.其复杂的管内紊流用k-ε模型进行模化.计算得到了整个管道的气流流动结果,为进一步的理论分析及其计算提供了良好的基础。     

汽车消声器性能计算中的气流与温度因素

发动机排气噪声是汽车噪声中一个主要声源,消声器是控制排气噪声的一个重要方法.该文推导出两种消声单元的传递矩阵,在消声器性能计算过程中考虑气流和温度梯度的影响,并采用三维谱图方法研究气流对消声器消声性能的影响.编写了性能计算程序,计算结果与实验结果吻合较好,计算与实验精确性有待进一步提高.     

往复式空压机管道内气流脉动及对设备影响

空压机管道内气流脉动方程是拟线性偏微方分方程组,采用吉尔法进行数值计算分析,有效解决了解的发散问题。文中介绍了方程组的变换、数值解法、边界处理等问题,以及气流脉动对空压机设备运行的影响。     

偶极子噪声在均匀流管道中传播的声学模型

通过建立对流FW-H方程与薄壁边界元法相结合的混合声学模型,研究偶极子噪声在均匀流管道中的传播与散射问题.计算均匀流中的声源及其在管道中的传播,采用对流FW-H方程确定均匀流中的声波传输,采用计算流体力学方法所得流场数据确定气动噪声源,采用薄壁边界元法计算声波在管壁上产生的散射声压,并将数值计算结果与Tyler-Sofrin管道声学理论方法及声学实验所得结果进行对比.结果表明,对流FW-H方程与薄壁边界元法相结合的声学模型可用于偶极子噪声在均匀流管道中传播特性的预测,并可准确预测风扇偶极子噪声在机匣内的传播.     

下进风袋式除尘器气流分布特性的数值模拟

采用计算流体动力学软件,分别选取了过滤速度和渗透率的4种工况对下进风袋式除尘器的流场进行了数值模拟计算,研究其对气流稳定性的影响。结果表明：随着过滤风速的增大,下进风除尘器内气流分布的不均匀现象反而变得更严重;随着渗透率的增加,气流速度变化就越剧烈,气流的分配也就越不均匀。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-